Ch 13 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines and Amides SWBAT: Name/Draw compounds with functional groups...
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Transcript of Ch 13 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines and Amides SWBAT: Name/Draw compounds with functional groups...
Ch 13 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines and Amides
SWBAT:Name/Draw compounds with functional groupsDescribe/Explain properties of functional groupsComplete/Show reactions of functional groups
Chapter 13.4Amines
Amines
• They are derivatives of ammonia NH3
• H-groups are replaced by alkyl or aromatic groups
Subclasses of Amines
Naming Amines• Similar to ether…• List the alkyl groups in alpha order• No gaps• Ends in -amine
methylamine dimethylamine
Practice
ethylmethylpropylamine
ethyldimethylamine
triphenylamine
Aromatic Amines
• Aromatic amines use the name aniline• Amino bearing Carbon is C#1
2,6-diethyl-4-methylaniline
aniline
Naming Anilines
N-ethylaniline
• Alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen of the aniline are named with the prefix N- followed by the alkyl name
N, N-dimethylaniline
Properties of Amines
Boiling Point• Amines can have polar N-H bond, so they can
form H-bonds• But…N is not as electronegative as the O in
alcohols…so the H-bonds are weaker!• BP is below AlcoholBp differences among different types of amines!• 1o amines highest BP (2 H-bonds) • 2o amine lower (1 H-bond)• 3o amine lowest (only dipole)
Properties of AminesSolubility• Amine group is polar: soluble in water, will
form H-bonds• Small amines (1-5 C atoms) are soluble• Large amines (<6 C atoms) are not
Famous Amines
• Acetyl choline – neurotransmitter
• Nicotine
Famous Amines• Prozac – Fluoxetine
• Caffeine
Reaction of Amines
A. 1o and 2o Amines react as Bases – they accept H+ ions like ammonia below:The unpaired valence e- of N attract H+
H+ H-N-H + H2O → H-N-H + OH-
H H
NH3 + H2O → NH4+ + OH-
ammonia ammonium ion
Reacting as a Base
• Primary
• Secondary
• Tertiary amines do not react!dimethyammonium ionDimethylamine
Neutralization Reaction
Base + Acid → Salt NH3 + HCl → NH4
+Cl- Ammonia Ammonium
chloride (salt)
a) Primary amineCH3-NH2 + HCl → CH3-NH3
+Cl- Methylamine methylammonium
chloride
b) Similar for secondary amine
HomeworkChapter 13
Page 448 13.34 – 13.44 (even)