Ch. 10: The cell - Weebly
Transcript of Ch. 10: The cell - Weebly
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Ch. 10: The cell
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What are living things made of?
Early idea: all living things are made of air, fire and water
Now: all living things are made of cells (cell theory)
Cell: the basic, functional unit of life
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The cell is the basic unit of life.
All living things are made of one or more cells.
All cells come from other living cells.
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All living things...
1.Grow
2.Move
3.Respond to stimuli
4. Reproduce
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A result of the cells in your body increasing in number
New cells will grow to replace old cells that die
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A change in position, shape or location (locomotion)
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Stimulus: anything that causes an organism to react.
May be external or internal
Identify the stimulus and response:
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Producing more of the same kind (offspring)
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Review
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Total Magnification= power of objective lens X power of eyepiece lens
Eyepiece lens (10x)
Objective lenses:
Low (4x)
Medium (10x)
High (40x)
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Example: You are observing an onion cell under medium power. What is the magnification?
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Example: You are looking at a hair root under high power. What is the magnification?
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#’s 2, 6, 7, 8, and Pause &
Reflect
Microscope Assignment
Microscope Lab
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1. Cell membrane:
•Surrounds and protects the contents of the cell
•Controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell
Found in both plant and animal cells
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2. Cytoplasm:
•Jell-like fluid in which the organelles float
•Helps to move materials like food to different parts of the cell
•Found in both plant and animal cells
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3. Cell wall:
•Tough, rigid structure that give plant cells their box-like shape
•Made mostly of cellulose
•Found only in plant cells!
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4. Nucleus:
•The “control centre” of the cell
•Large round structure often visible
•Contains the chromosomes
•Found in both plant and animal cells
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5. Vacuole:
•Balloon-like spaces in the cytoplasm
•Store materials that can not be used right away
•Found in both plant and animal cells
(many small ones in animal cells,
few large ones in plant cells )
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6. Mitochondrion:
•Oval, bean-like structures
•Produces energy by breaking down food particles
•Found in both plant and animal cells
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7. Chloroplast:
•Green structures that contain chlorophyll
•Capture the sun’s energy for photosynthesis
•Found only in plant cells!
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Organelle Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Cell Wall x rigid, box shape
Nucleus
Vacuole many, small few, large
Mitochondrion
Chloroplast x
photosynthesis
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Plant VS Animal Cells
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Cell membrane
Cell wall
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Mitochondrion
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Mitochondrion
Vacuole
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Page 416: #s 9-13
Cell Assignment
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•Necessary for growth and reproduction
•Will replace cells that are dead or in need of repair
•How does this happen? A process called mitosis
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•Occurs in body cells (somatic cells)
NOT in sex cells (egg and sperm cells)
•Bacteria cells reproduce like this
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ProphaseMetaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
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•Cells need energy for all life processes.
•Energy is stored in food called glucose(a type of sugar)
•To release energy cells must carry out cellular respiration. Here the energy is converted to another form of energy.
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•Takes place in the mitochondrion.
•Most energy is released as heat.
•Oxygen is necessary for cellular respiration.
•Carbon dioxide and water vapour are waste gases produced. These are removed from the cell.
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Page 415: #16
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Cell in a Bag project
Bill Nye Video