IN THE NAME OF ALLAH BENEFICENT THE MERCIFUL.

PRESENTED BY

MUHAMMAD SAAD SALMAN

Registration No: 12PWCSE1009

In the world of computers, networking is the In the world of computers, networking is the practice of linking two or more computing practice of linking two or more computing devices together for the purpose of sharing devices together for the purpose of sharing

data.data.

What is Networking?

Types of Networking.

•WAN (wide area network)

•LAN (local area network.)

•MAN (Metropolitan Area Network.)

WHAT IS WAN?•WAN consists of two or more local-area networks (LANs). •Computers connected to a wide-area•Network are often connected through public networks,such as the telephone system.•They can also be connected through leased lines or satellites.

What is LAN?A network connecting computers in a relatively small area such as a building. However, one LAN can be connected to other LANs over any distance via telephone lines and radio waves.

Network topologies.

Ring topology Star topology Bus topology Mesh topology Tree topology

Working of topologies. Ring topology Also known as a ring network, the

ring topology is a type of computer network configuration where each network computer and device are connected to each other forming a large circle (or similar shape).

Each packet is sent around the ring until it reaches its final destination.

Bus topology.

A (computer) network topology in which the nodes are all connected at different points to a line called a bus.

Mesh topology Mesh Network is a network where all the

nodes are connected to each other and is a complete network.

In a Mesh Network every node is connected to other nodes on the network through hops.

Star topology star topology is designed with each node (file

server, workstations, and peripherals) connected directly to a central network hub or concentrator Easy to install and wire.

Tree topology A tree topology combines characteristics of

linear bus and star topologies. It consists of groups of star-configured workstations connected to a linear bus backbone cable .

The two major types of network Peer-to-Peer A peer-to-peer (P2P) network is created

when two or more PCs are connected and share resources without going through a separate server computer.

a couple of computers connected via a Universal Serial Bus to transfer files.

Peer-to-peer is a communications model in which each party has the same capabilities and either party can initiate a communication session.

Advantages Disadvantages of a peer-to-peer network:

Advantages reduced cost (the costs involved in such a

network are hardware, cabling and maintenance ) its simplicity . Disadvantages. Decentralized - No central repository for files and

applications. Security - Does not provide the security available

on a client/server network. no link in the network is reliable

Client/Server•it is a more important idea in a network. In a network, the client/server model provides a convenient way to interconnect programs that are distributed efficiently across different locations.

Advantages of a client/server network:

Centralized - Resources and data security are controlled through the server. Scalability - Any or all elements can be replaced individually as needs increase. Flexibility - New technology can be easily integrated into system. Accessibility - Server can be accessed remotely and across multiple platforms.

THANK`S ANY QUESTION