CERVICAL CANCER

PRESENTATION BY STACEY-ANN ELLIS

WHAT IS CERVICAL CANCER?

“Cervical cancer occurs when the cells in the cervix begin to grow and replicate in an abnormal and uncontrolled way. When this happens, the body cannot organize these cells for normal function and the cells form a mass that is called a tumor. Malignant tumors in the cervix can spread to other parts of the body, crowding and destroying normal cells.” - WHO

WHAT ARE SOME CAUSES OF CERVICAL CANCER?

• MOST CERVICAL IS A RESULT OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV)

• PEOPLE WO HAVE WEAKENED IMMUNE SYSTEM

• PROLONGED USE OF BIRTH CONTROL PILLS

• AMOUNT OF CHILDREN

• SMOKING CIGARETTES

• SKIPPING YOUR PAP TEST

WHO IS AFFECTED BY CERVICAL CANCER

• WOMAN WHO ARE SEXUALLY ACTIVE

• MOSTLY WOMEN OVER THE AGE OF 30

• THERE IS AN INCREASED RISK IF SOMEONE IN YOUR FAMILY HAD CERVICAL CANCER

• PEOPLE WHO ARE NOT EDUCATED ON WHAT CERVICAL CANCER IS

• AMOUNT OF SEXUAL PARTNERS

• SMOKERS

• UNHEALTHY DIET

RED FLAGS TO BE ALERTED BY

• IF YOU EXPERIENCE ABNORMAL BLEEDING DURING INTERCOURSE

• DISCOMFORT DURING INTERCOURSE

• BLEEDING IN BETWEEN YOUR MENSTRUAL CYCLE

• SOMETIMES VAGINAL DISCHARGE

• THESE MAY NOT BE A CAUSE OF CERVICAL CANCER, BUT IT SHOULD CONCERN YOUR DOCTOR **

WHAT CAN I DO TO PREVENT CERVICAL CANCER

• DECREASE SEXUAL PARTNERS

• GET PAP TEST EVERY YEAR UNTIL DOCTOR TELLS YOU THAT YOU CAN VISIT EVERY THREE YEARS BECAUSE EVERYTHING LOOKS NORMAL

• STOP SMOKING - CAN CAUSE MANY OTHER KINDS OF CANCERS INCLUDING LUNG CANCER

• DON'T BECOME RELIANT ON THE BIRTH CONTROL PILL LONGER THAN NECESSARY - MAKE TEMPORARY AND NOT PERMANENT SOLUTION

• DELAY SEX UNTIL OLDER

• USE CONDOMS

• AVOID SOMEONE WHO HAS HAD MANY SEXUAL PARTNERS

• GET THE HPV VACCINE

• GET YOUR PAP TEST

• ESSENTIALLY AVOID GETTING HPV

WHAT ARE THE STAGES OF CERVICAL CANCER?

• STAGE 0

• CARCINOMA IN SITU - ABNORMAL CELLS ARE FOUND IN THE LINING OF THE CERVIX

• THESE MAY BECOME CANCEROUS AND SPREAD TO NEARBY TISSUES

• STAGE 1 (FOUR STAGES)

• THE CANCER CELLS HAVE GROWN FROM THE SURFACE LAYER OF THE CERVIX INTO DEEPER TISSUES OF THE CERVIX. THE CANCER MAY ALSO BE GROWING INTO THE BODY OF THE UTERUS, BUT IT HAS NOT GROWN OUTSIDE THE UTERUS.

• STAGE 2 (THREE STAGES )

• THE CANCER HAS GROWN BEYOND THE CERVIX AND UTERUS, BUT HASN'T SPREAD TO THE WALLS OF THE PELVIS OR THE LOWER PART OF THE VAGINA. THE CANCER MAY HAVE GROWN INTO THE UPPER PART OF THE VAGINA

• STAGE 3 (TWO STAGES)

• THE CANCER HAS SPREAD TO THE LOWER PART OF THE VAGINA OR THE WALLS OF THE PELVIS. THE CANCER MAY BE BLOCKING THE URETERS (TUBES THAT CARRY URINE FROM THE KIDNEYS TO THE BLADDER).

• STAGE 4 (TWO STAGES)

• THE CANCER HAS SPREAD TO THE BLADDER OR RECTUM OR IT IS GROWING OUT OF THE PELVIS

CAN CERVICAL CANCER BE TREATED? HOW?

• SURGERY

• CONIZATION

• HYSTERECTOMY

• RADIATION THERAPY

• CHEMOTHERAPY

• TARGET THERAPY

* TWO HEALTH FACTORS THAT CAN AFFECT DECISION MAKING WHEN IT IS TIME FOR TREATMENT ARE EMOTIONAL AND PHYSICAL HEALTH.

STATISTICS

• 2012

• NEW CASES: 12, 170

• DEATHS: 4, 220

• 2015

• WILL BE APPROXIMATELY 12, 900 NEW CASE

• APPROXIMATELY 4, 100 WILL DIE

• MOST CASES ARE IN WOMEN YOUNGER THAN 50

• 15% OF WOMEN OVER 65 HAS CERVICAL CANCER

RESEARCH

CURRENTLY DOCTORS ARE SEEKING NEW WAYS TO APPROACH CERVICAL CANCER

• IMMUNOTHERAPY

• FLUORESCENT SPECTROSCOPY

• HPV VACCINE

• FERTILITY PRESERVATION THERAPY

TIPS

• IF YOU ARE SEXUALLY ACTIVE, IT IS IMPORTANT THAT YOU GET A PAP SMEAR AT LEAST ONCE A YEAR

• IF YOU ARE SEXUALLY ACTIVE AND HAVE NOT YET GOTTEN THE GARDASIL VACCINE, GET IT DONE

• IF YOU HAVE HAD HUMAN PAPILOMAVIRUS BEFORE, YOU STILL NEED TO GET THE VACCINE IN ORDER TO REDUCE YOUR RISK OF CERVICAL CANCER

• IF YOU DID NOT FOLLOW THE RECOMMENDED TIME FRAME FOR THE SHOTS, STILL FINISH THE SECQUENCE

VIDEO AND ACTIVITY

MEG'S STORY

KNOWLEDGE ON CERVICAL CANCER

Thank You

SOURCES

• HTTP://IMGKID.COM/CANCER-HOPE-DRAWINGS.SHTML

• HTTP://WWW.OURFIGHTAGAINSTCANCER.COM/2013/01/03/FACTS-AND-FIGURES-WHO-DOES-CERVICAL-CANCER-AFFECT/

• HTTP://WWW.EVERYDAYHEALTH.COM/CERVICAL-CANCER/OTHER-CAUSES.ASPX

• HTTP://WWW.WEBMD.COM/CANCER/CERVICAL-CANCER/CERVICAL-CANCER-TOPIC-OVERVIEW

• HTTP://WWW.CDC.GOV/CANCER/CERVICAL/

• HTTP://WWW.CANCER.ORG/CANCER/CERVICALCANCER/DETAILEDGUIDE/CERVICAL-CANCER-STAGED

• HTTP://WWW.CANCER.GOV/CANCERTOPICS/PDQ/TREATMENT/CERVICAL/PATIENT/PAGE4

• HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=LMBDB6T6E3E

• HTTP://WWW.CANCER.NET/CANCER-TYPES/CERVICAL-CANCER/LATEST-RESEARCH