CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
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Transcript of CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
INTRODUCTION
INDUSTRY PROFILE
We use the term information technology or IT to refer to an entire industry In actuality
information technology is the use of computers and software to manage information In some
companies this is referred to as Management Information Services (or MIS) or simply as
Information Services The information technology department of a large company would be
responsible for storing information protecting information processing the information
transmitting the information as necessary and later retrieving information as necessary
History of Information Technology
In relative terms it wasnt long ago that the Information Technology department might have
consisted of a single Computer Operator who might be storing data on magnetic tape and
then putting it in a box down in the basement somewhere The history of information
technology is fascinating check out these history of information technology resources for
information on everything from the history of IT to electronics inventions and even the top 10
IT bugs
Modern Information Technology Departments
In order to perform the complex functions required of information technology departments
today the modern Information Technology Department would use computers servers
1967-1973 Minicomputers processors network and freedom
Fast repetition Birth of the Minicomputer
Fast repetition Integrated Circuits processor companies
First microcomputers
Software of mini- and microcomputers Unix CPM and programming
languages
Internet and Ethernet
1
1974-1977 Birth of the Personal Computer
The first self-built microcomputers
Club stuff
Software C Basic
1977-1980 Home computers
Commodore PET Apple II Radio Shack
Apple
Microsoft
Software
IBM PC first prototype
1965
Digital Equipment Corp introduced the PDP-8 the first commercially successful
minicomputer The PDP-8 sold for $18000 one-fifth the price of a small IBM 360
mainframe The speed small size and reasonable cost enabled the PDP-8 to go into
thousands of manufacturing plants small businesses and scientific laboratories
1965-1968
Douglas C Engelbart of the Stanford Research Institute demonstrates his system of
keyboard keypad mouse and windows at the Joint Computer Conference in San
Franciscos Civic Center He demonstrates use of a word processor a hypertext
system and remote collaborative work with colleagues
Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore leave Fairchild Semiconductors
Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore found Intel Corporation
State of the art software and hardware
In 1967 Mac HACK VI became the first program to beat a human (rate 1510) at a
competition at the Massachussets State Championship
In 1968 International Master David Levy made a $3000 bet that no chess computer
would beat him in 10 years He won his bet The original bet was with John
McCarthy a distinguished researcher in Artificial Intelligence
2
Processors at 1968 were soldered together from a large number of single transistors
and a number of small chips containing relatively small amounts of transistors each
Recollect Birth of Intel and AMD 55 Shockley Semiconductor (Shockley was one of
the inventors of transistor Nobel price in 56) 57 Fairchild Semiconductors (group of
8 Shockley engineers) 68 Intel 69 AMD (Noyce (integr circuit constructor) amp
(Sanders + 7 others)
1969
ATampT Bell Laboratories programmers Kenneth Thompson and Dennis Ritchie
developed the UNIX operating system on a spare DEC minicomputer
Intels Marcian (Ted) Hoff designs an integrated circuit chip that could receive
instructions and perform simple functions on data The design becomes the 4004
microprocessor
Intel announces a 1 KB RAM chip which has a significantly larger capacity than any
previously produced memory chip
Bill Gates and Paul Allen calling themselves the Lakeside Programming Group
sign an agreement with Computer Center Corporation to report bugs in PDP-10
software in exchange for computer time
Jerry Sanders and seven others leave Fairchild Semiconductor to form Advanced
Micro Devices
Gary Stark weather at Xeroxs research facility in Webster New York demonstrates
using a laser beam with the xerography process to create a laser printer
1970
Xerox opens the Palo Alto Research Center (PARC)
Intel creates the 1103 chip the first generally available DRAM memory chip
Wayne Pickette takes his computer-on-a-chip design to Intel and is hired began
working for Dr Ted Hoff
At Intel Wayne Pickette proposes to Ted Hoff the idea of building a computer-on-a-
chip for the Busicom project
Gilbert Hyatt files a patent application entitled Single Chip Integrated Circuit
Computer Architecture the first basic patent on the microprocessor
Work begins at Intel on the layout of the circuit for what would be the 4004
microprocessor Federico Faggin directs the work
3
Intel creates the first 4004 microprocessor First microprocessor Intel 4004 1969 The
first microprocessor ndash CPU
1971
The first commercial 4-bit microprocessor 4004 -2300 transistors -10 μm features -10 mm2
die -108 kHz kH
1970
Relational database software theory and first research groups
In 1970 an IBM researcher named Ted Codd published the first article on relational
databases
Codd envisaged a system where the user would be able to access information with
English like commands and where information would be stored in tables
Due to the technical nature of the article and the reliance on mathematics to support
its case the significance of it was not realized immediately However it did lead to
IBM starting a research group known as System R
Eventually System R evolved into SQLDS which later became DB2 The language
created by the System R group SQL (Structured Query Language) has become the
industry standard for relational databases and is now an ISO standard
First commercial SQL database created by Honeywell Information Systems Inc
which released a commercial product in June of 1976
4
1971
Computer-to-computer Communication expanded when the Department of Defense
established four nodes on the ARPANET the University of California-Santa Barbara
and UCLA SRI International and the University of Utah hellip1971hellip
Intel ships copies of the 4004 microprocessor to Busicom [55610]
Gary Boone of Texas Instruments files a patent application relating to a single-chip
computer
The newly developed device the EPROM is integrated with the 4004 to Enhance
Development Cycles of microprocessor product
Intel introduces its 4-bit bus 108-KHz 4004 chip - the first microprocessor Initial
price is US$200 Speed is 60000 operations per second It uses 2300 transistors
based on 10-micron technology It can address 640 bytes
o Documentation manuals were written by Adam Osborne The die for the chip
measures 3x4mm The chip is introduced to the public in Las Vegas by Wayne
Pickette hellip1971hellip
Intel announces the first microcomputer the MCS-4 system It uses the 4004
microprocessor 4001 ROM chip 4002 RAM chip and 4003 shift register chip
Electronic News publishes an ad from Intel promoting the 4004 chip
The National Radio Institute introduces the first computer kit for US$503
Steve Wozniak and Bill Fernandez build a computer with lights and switches from
parts rejected by local companies They call it the Cream Soda Computer hellip1971
The Ken back Corporation introduces the Kenback-1 computer for US$750 It uses a
1KB MOS memory made by Intel
Niklaus Wirth invents the Pascal programming language
Texas Instruments develops the first microcomputer-on-a-chip containing over
15000 transistors
IBM introduces the memory disk or floppy disk an 8-inch floppy plastic disk
coated with iron oxide
Wang Laboratories introduces the Wang 1200 word processor system
Intel introduces the 1101 chip a 256-bit programmable memory and the 1701 chip a
256-byte erasable read-only memory (EROM)
5
1972
Intel introduces its 200-KHz 8008 chip the first 8-bit microprocessor It accesses
16KB of memory The processor was originally developed for Computer
Terminal Corporation (later called Data point) It uses 3500 transistors based on
10-micron technology Speed is 60000 instructions per second
Researchers at PARC begin work on a prototype Alto personal computer
At Xerox PARC Alan Kay proposes they build a portable personal computer
called the Dynabook the size of an ordinary notebook PARC management does
not support it
Texas Instruments introduces the TMS1000 one-chip microcomputer It
integrates 1KB ROM and 32 bytes of RAM with a simple 4-bit processor
National Semiconductor introduces the IMP-16 microprocessor
Steve Wozniak develops ldquoblue boxrdquo to make free phone calls and sells the boxes
to fellow students at UC Berkeley 1972hellip
Some gaming stuff
Space war was a first graphical computer game created on PDP-1 in 1961
In 1970 an engineer called Ralph Baer created the game called Computer Space
based on Space War
Nolan Bushnell tried to make an arcade version of Space War and created
Computer Space Nutting Associates bought the game hired Nolan and
manufactured 1500 Space War machines The game was not a success because
people found it difficult to play
As Nolan felt he didnt receive enough pay he created his own company Atari in
1972
6
Atari ships Pong one of the first really successful commercial video games
In 1977 Atari enters the home computer market among others hellip1972
Magnavox Odyssey first home video game along with Atari
No processor combined analogdigital
Plastic overlays on TV screen to get a background picture
over 80000 Odyssey and over 20000 rifle packs sold in 1972
Altogether ca 350000 made 1972 Colossal Cave a text-based adventure game
Written by Will Crowther Will worked on developing the assembly language
program for the original routers used in creating the ARPA net In their spare
time the Crowthers both avid cavers explored and mapped portions of the
Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems in Kentucky for the Cave Research
Foundation
Crowther wrote a computer simulation based on the maps for a Digital
Equipment Corporation PDP-10 computer in FORTRAN His first version
included caver jargon and many of the names of rooms in this version came from
actual features in the caves Will had been exploring
Unfortunately it was during this period that Crowthers marriage ended Feeling
estranged from his two daughters and wanting to be closer to them he decided to
write a program that they might enjoy
Crowthers daughters enjoyed the game and it was passed from friend to friend
during the early days of the Internet appearing on countless computers on and off
the fledgling network What happened later with Colossal Cave
In 1976 Don Woods was working at Stanford Universitys Stanford Artificial
Intelligence Lab otherwise known by the acronym SAIL Woods found a copy of
Crowthers rudimentary program left on one of the SAIL computers by some
unknown Johnny Appleseed so to speak
He contacted Crowther by the simple expedient of sending email to
crowthersitename where site name was every computer then on the Internet
only a mere handful of sites at the time After corresponding with Crowther and
getting his blessings Woods greatly expanded the program
Influenced by Tolkiens writing Woods added touches such as a troll elves and a
volcano
7
Jim Gillogly at the Rand Corporation spent several weeks in 1976 porting the
code (with Woods and Crowthers blessings) from the original FORTRAN source
into C for UNIX Most UNIX systems run successors of this C version Gillogly
later ported the code to Heath kit and then IBM-PC personal computers with the
help of Walt Bilofsky founder of The Software Tool works (which was
eventually renamed Mindscape) This version was marketed in 1981 under the
name The Original Adventure hellip1972
Canadas Automatic Electronic Systems introduces the worlds first
programmable word processor with a video screen the AES 90 The computer
system uses magnetic disks for storage and a custom built microprocessor
Gary Kildall implements PLI on the Intel 4004 processor
The Peoples Computer Company is founded
Bill Gates and Paul Allen form the Traf-O-Data company
Traf-O-Data develops a primitive microcomputer based on Intels 8008
microprocessor for recording automobile traffic flow on a highway
5 14 inch diskettes first appear
Xerox decides to build a personal computer to be used for research Project
Alto begins
1973
Intel files a patent application for a memory system for a multichip digital
computer
The first prototype Alto workstation computer is turned on at Xerox Palo Alto
Research Center Its first screen display is a bitmapped image of the Sesame
Street character Cookie Monster
The first operational Alto computer is completed at Xerox PARC
Traf-O-Data shuts down It made about US$20000
Design work is completed on the Micral the first non-kit computer based on a
microprocessor (the Intel 8008) Built in France the Micral is advertised in the
US but is not successful there
The term microcomputer first appears in print in reference to the Micral
1048708 In 1975 it is used on Soyuz-Apollo mission
for calculating critical course-correction
maneuvers
8
1974
Intel releases its 2-MHz 8080 chip an 8-bit microprocessor It can access 64KB
of memory It uses 6000 transistors based on 6- micron technology Speed is 064
MIPS
In a desperate act to save his failing calculator company MITS company owner
Ed Roberts begins building a small computer based on Intels new 8080 chip
with plans to sell it for the unheard of price of US$500
MITS completes the first prototype Altair 8800 microcomputer
Bravo is developed for the Xerox Alto computer It is the first WYSIWYG
program for a personal computer
Altair
Altair was one of the first successfully sold personal computer kits for do-it-
yourself computing fans No monitor no keyboard
Keyboard and cassette drive can be added
Oscilloscope can be attached to be used as a display
1974
Railway Express loses Ed Roberts only prototype Altair computer route to New
York for review and photography for publishing by Popular Electronics
Les Solomon publisher of Popular Electronics receives Altair number 0001
Lauren Solomon 12 year old daughter of Les Solomon publisher of Popular
Electronics suggests the name Altair for Ed Roberts new microcomputer
Altair was the name of where Star Treks Enterprise was going that night on TV
9
Popular Electronics publishes an article by MITS announcing the Altair 8800
computer for US$439 in kit form It uses the Intel 8080 processor The Altair
pictured on the cover of the magazine is actually a mock-up as an actual
computer was not available
Paul Allen sees the Popular Electronics issue with the Altair and tells Bill Gates
that the microcomputer revolution is just beginning hellip1974
Gary Kildall of Microcomputer Applications Associates develops the CPM
operating system for Intel 8080-based systems
Motorola introduces its 6800 chip an early 8-bit microprocessor used in
microcomputers and industrial and automotive control devices The 6800 was
designed by Chuck Peddle and Charlie Melear
Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie develop the C programming language
RCA releases the 1802 processor running at a blazing 64 MHz It is considered
one of the first RISC chips It is used on a variety of devices from video games to
NASA space probes
Engineer David Ahl suggests Digital Equipment produce an inexpensive version
of its PDP-8 minicomputer for US$5000 Top management call the idea foolish
Gary Kildall and John Torode begin selling the CPM disk operating system for
microcomputershellip1974 Alto
Xerox releases the Alto computer
A personal computer to be used for research
Cost $32000
Never produced for profit
First serious machine to feature a modern user interface windows mouse etc
invented by Engelbart in 1964
1975
Paul Allen meets with Ed Roberts to demonstrate the newly written BASIC
interpreter for the Altair Despite never having touched an Altair before the
BASIC works flawlessly
Bill Gates and Paul Allen license their newly written BASIC to MITS their first
customer This is the first computer language program written for a personal
computer
10
The Xerox PARC-developed Gypsy word-processing system is first field tested
by end-users Gypsy is one of the first word processors termed WYSIWYG
meaning what you see is what you get Gypsy runs on the PARC-developed Alto
personal computer 1975
Fred Moore and Gordon French hold the first meeting of a new microcomputer
hobbyists club in Frenchs garage in Menlo Park California 32 people meet
including Bob Albrect Steve Dompier Lee Felsenstein Bob Marsh Tom
Pittman Marty Spergel Alan Baum and Steven Wozniak Bob Albrect shows off
an Altair and Steve Dompier reports on MITS and how they had 4000 orders for
the Altair
Stephen Dorsey founder of Automatic Electronic Systems sells his 25 of the
company for $135000
The second meeting of Fred MooreGordon Frenchs computer hobbyists group is
held at the Stanford AI lab 40 attend The name for the group is chosen Bay
Area Amateur Computer Users Group - Homebrew Computer Club 1975
Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Micro-Soft (the hyphen is later dropped)
MITS delivers the first generally-available Altair 8800 sold for US$375 with
1KB memory
MOS Technology announces the MC6501 at US$20 and the MC6502 at US$25
At this point the Intel 8080 costs about US$150
Bob Marsh delivers the first Processor Technology 4KB memory boards for the
Altair
At Xerox John Ellenby proposes they build the Alto II a modified Alto making
it easier to produce more reliable and more easily maintained His request is
approved
Bill Gates and Paul Allen sign a licensing agreement with MITS for their
implementation of the BASIC language
Bill Gates and Paul Allen ship 4K and 8K version of BASIC v20
Dick Heiser opens Arrow Head Computer Company subtitled The Computer
Store in Los Angeles selling assembled Altairs boards peripherals and
magazines This is the first retail computer store in the USA 1975
Micom Data Systems ships its first product the Micom 2000 word processing
computer
11
IBMs Entry Level Systems unit unveils Project Mercury the IBM 5100
Portable Computer It is a briefcase-size minicomputer with BASIC 16KB RAM
tape storage and built-in 5-inch screen Price US$9000 Weight 55 pounds
(Price over US$10000 )
The first issue of Byte magazine is published
MITS releases a version of Microsoft BASIC 20 for its Altair 8800 in 4K and
8K editions
Southwest Technical Products releases the M6800 computer kit
Sphere Corporation introduces its Sphere I computer kit featuring a Motorola
6800 CPU 4KB RAM ROM monitor keyboard and video interface for
US$650
Scope of the study
The scope of the organization study is concerned with in the Cerebra Integrated Technologies
Limited it is one of the casting production organization The study is limited to understanding
the finance production and other department in the organization
Objectives of Study
To study organization as a whole
To study and understand the activities of various departments in the organization
To do the SWOT analysis of the organization
Limitations of the study
The present study mainly focused on the primary data as well as secondary data In
organization they did not disclose to give more information regarding each department
Methodology
In order to achieve the above stated objectives the study has covered both primary and
secondary data
12
Primary Data
Primary data is collected through the personal interview and discussion with the employees
and also higher authorities in the organization and observation Method
Secondary Data
Secondary data is collected through the company manuals company profiles department
manuals and websites text books
Profile
The management team at cerebra has combined experience of over 100 years in wireless and
enterprise solutions We pride over selves as a complete business driven software service
providing and working to words providing solution without burdening our partners with
technology decisions with the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity team
key solutions
Cerebra provide to the solutions on various platforms like windows mobile system android
blackberry and I phone I pad and have demonstrable prototypes ready
Some of our solutions
1 LBS for content distribution
2 Logistics last mile delivery
3 Bluetooth based content and coupon management
4 SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobile web based pos
5 On field sales and support
6 RFIDBARCODE integration for asset and inventory tracking
13
Significance of products and components ready to deployed
1 Mobile marketing platform
2 Bluetooth based content delivery platform
3 Supply chain solution for the retail
4 Mobile application to handle distribution and route accounting
5 Mobile application to handle courierrsquos distribution
6 Integrators 3rd party ERPSCMCRMs
7 Mobile application to handle in line sales and support
14
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
1974-1977 Birth of the Personal Computer
The first self-built microcomputers
Club stuff
Software C Basic
1977-1980 Home computers
Commodore PET Apple II Radio Shack
Apple
Microsoft
Software
IBM PC first prototype
1965
Digital Equipment Corp introduced the PDP-8 the first commercially successful
minicomputer The PDP-8 sold for $18000 one-fifth the price of a small IBM 360
mainframe The speed small size and reasonable cost enabled the PDP-8 to go into
thousands of manufacturing plants small businesses and scientific laboratories
1965-1968
Douglas C Engelbart of the Stanford Research Institute demonstrates his system of
keyboard keypad mouse and windows at the Joint Computer Conference in San
Franciscos Civic Center He demonstrates use of a word processor a hypertext
system and remote collaborative work with colleagues
Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore leave Fairchild Semiconductors
Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore found Intel Corporation
State of the art software and hardware
In 1967 Mac HACK VI became the first program to beat a human (rate 1510) at a
competition at the Massachussets State Championship
In 1968 International Master David Levy made a $3000 bet that no chess computer
would beat him in 10 years He won his bet The original bet was with John
McCarthy a distinguished researcher in Artificial Intelligence
2
Processors at 1968 were soldered together from a large number of single transistors
and a number of small chips containing relatively small amounts of transistors each
Recollect Birth of Intel and AMD 55 Shockley Semiconductor (Shockley was one of
the inventors of transistor Nobel price in 56) 57 Fairchild Semiconductors (group of
8 Shockley engineers) 68 Intel 69 AMD (Noyce (integr circuit constructor) amp
(Sanders + 7 others)
1969
ATampT Bell Laboratories programmers Kenneth Thompson and Dennis Ritchie
developed the UNIX operating system on a spare DEC minicomputer
Intels Marcian (Ted) Hoff designs an integrated circuit chip that could receive
instructions and perform simple functions on data The design becomes the 4004
microprocessor
Intel announces a 1 KB RAM chip which has a significantly larger capacity than any
previously produced memory chip
Bill Gates and Paul Allen calling themselves the Lakeside Programming Group
sign an agreement with Computer Center Corporation to report bugs in PDP-10
software in exchange for computer time
Jerry Sanders and seven others leave Fairchild Semiconductor to form Advanced
Micro Devices
Gary Stark weather at Xeroxs research facility in Webster New York demonstrates
using a laser beam with the xerography process to create a laser printer
1970
Xerox opens the Palo Alto Research Center (PARC)
Intel creates the 1103 chip the first generally available DRAM memory chip
Wayne Pickette takes his computer-on-a-chip design to Intel and is hired began
working for Dr Ted Hoff
At Intel Wayne Pickette proposes to Ted Hoff the idea of building a computer-on-a-
chip for the Busicom project
Gilbert Hyatt files a patent application entitled Single Chip Integrated Circuit
Computer Architecture the first basic patent on the microprocessor
Work begins at Intel on the layout of the circuit for what would be the 4004
microprocessor Federico Faggin directs the work
3
Intel creates the first 4004 microprocessor First microprocessor Intel 4004 1969 The
first microprocessor ndash CPU
1971
The first commercial 4-bit microprocessor 4004 -2300 transistors -10 μm features -10 mm2
die -108 kHz kH
1970
Relational database software theory and first research groups
In 1970 an IBM researcher named Ted Codd published the first article on relational
databases
Codd envisaged a system where the user would be able to access information with
English like commands and where information would be stored in tables
Due to the technical nature of the article and the reliance on mathematics to support
its case the significance of it was not realized immediately However it did lead to
IBM starting a research group known as System R
Eventually System R evolved into SQLDS which later became DB2 The language
created by the System R group SQL (Structured Query Language) has become the
industry standard for relational databases and is now an ISO standard
First commercial SQL database created by Honeywell Information Systems Inc
which released a commercial product in June of 1976
4
1971
Computer-to-computer Communication expanded when the Department of Defense
established four nodes on the ARPANET the University of California-Santa Barbara
and UCLA SRI International and the University of Utah hellip1971hellip
Intel ships copies of the 4004 microprocessor to Busicom [55610]
Gary Boone of Texas Instruments files a patent application relating to a single-chip
computer
The newly developed device the EPROM is integrated with the 4004 to Enhance
Development Cycles of microprocessor product
Intel introduces its 4-bit bus 108-KHz 4004 chip - the first microprocessor Initial
price is US$200 Speed is 60000 operations per second It uses 2300 transistors
based on 10-micron technology It can address 640 bytes
o Documentation manuals were written by Adam Osborne The die for the chip
measures 3x4mm The chip is introduced to the public in Las Vegas by Wayne
Pickette hellip1971hellip
Intel announces the first microcomputer the MCS-4 system It uses the 4004
microprocessor 4001 ROM chip 4002 RAM chip and 4003 shift register chip
Electronic News publishes an ad from Intel promoting the 4004 chip
The National Radio Institute introduces the first computer kit for US$503
Steve Wozniak and Bill Fernandez build a computer with lights and switches from
parts rejected by local companies They call it the Cream Soda Computer hellip1971
The Ken back Corporation introduces the Kenback-1 computer for US$750 It uses a
1KB MOS memory made by Intel
Niklaus Wirth invents the Pascal programming language
Texas Instruments develops the first microcomputer-on-a-chip containing over
15000 transistors
IBM introduces the memory disk or floppy disk an 8-inch floppy plastic disk
coated with iron oxide
Wang Laboratories introduces the Wang 1200 word processor system
Intel introduces the 1101 chip a 256-bit programmable memory and the 1701 chip a
256-byte erasable read-only memory (EROM)
5
1972
Intel introduces its 200-KHz 8008 chip the first 8-bit microprocessor It accesses
16KB of memory The processor was originally developed for Computer
Terminal Corporation (later called Data point) It uses 3500 transistors based on
10-micron technology Speed is 60000 instructions per second
Researchers at PARC begin work on a prototype Alto personal computer
At Xerox PARC Alan Kay proposes they build a portable personal computer
called the Dynabook the size of an ordinary notebook PARC management does
not support it
Texas Instruments introduces the TMS1000 one-chip microcomputer It
integrates 1KB ROM and 32 bytes of RAM with a simple 4-bit processor
National Semiconductor introduces the IMP-16 microprocessor
Steve Wozniak develops ldquoblue boxrdquo to make free phone calls and sells the boxes
to fellow students at UC Berkeley 1972hellip
Some gaming stuff
Space war was a first graphical computer game created on PDP-1 in 1961
In 1970 an engineer called Ralph Baer created the game called Computer Space
based on Space War
Nolan Bushnell tried to make an arcade version of Space War and created
Computer Space Nutting Associates bought the game hired Nolan and
manufactured 1500 Space War machines The game was not a success because
people found it difficult to play
As Nolan felt he didnt receive enough pay he created his own company Atari in
1972
6
Atari ships Pong one of the first really successful commercial video games
In 1977 Atari enters the home computer market among others hellip1972
Magnavox Odyssey first home video game along with Atari
No processor combined analogdigital
Plastic overlays on TV screen to get a background picture
over 80000 Odyssey and over 20000 rifle packs sold in 1972
Altogether ca 350000 made 1972 Colossal Cave a text-based adventure game
Written by Will Crowther Will worked on developing the assembly language
program for the original routers used in creating the ARPA net In their spare
time the Crowthers both avid cavers explored and mapped portions of the
Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems in Kentucky for the Cave Research
Foundation
Crowther wrote a computer simulation based on the maps for a Digital
Equipment Corporation PDP-10 computer in FORTRAN His first version
included caver jargon and many of the names of rooms in this version came from
actual features in the caves Will had been exploring
Unfortunately it was during this period that Crowthers marriage ended Feeling
estranged from his two daughters and wanting to be closer to them he decided to
write a program that they might enjoy
Crowthers daughters enjoyed the game and it was passed from friend to friend
during the early days of the Internet appearing on countless computers on and off
the fledgling network What happened later with Colossal Cave
In 1976 Don Woods was working at Stanford Universitys Stanford Artificial
Intelligence Lab otherwise known by the acronym SAIL Woods found a copy of
Crowthers rudimentary program left on one of the SAIL computers by some
unknown Johnny Appleseed so to speak
He contacted Crowther by the simple expedient of sending email to
crowthersitename where site name was every computer then on the Internet
only a mere handful of sites at the time After corresponding with Crowther and
getting his blessings Woods greatly expanded the program
Influenced by Tolkiens writing Woods added touches such as a troll elves and a
volcano
7
Jim Gillogly at the Rand Corporation spent several weeks in 1976 porting the
code (with Woods and Crowthers blessings) from the original FORTRAN source
into C for UNIX Most UNIX systems run successors of this C version Gillogly
later ported the code to Heath kit and then IBM-PC personal computers with the
help of Walt Bilofsky founder of The Software Tool works (which was
eventually renamed Mindscape) This version was marketed in 1981 under the
name The Original Adventure hellip1972
Canadas Automatic Electronic Systems introduces the worlds first
programmable word processor with a video screen the AES 90 The computer
system uses magnetic disks for storage and a custom built microprocessor
Gary Kildall implements PLI on the Intel 4004 processor
The Peoples Computer Company is founded
Bill Gates and Paul Allen form the Traf-O-Data company
Traf-O-Data develops a primitive microcomputer based on Intels 8008
microprocessor for recording automobile traffic flow on a highway
5 14 inch diskettes first appear
Xerox decides to build a personal computer to be used for research Project
Alto begins
1973
Intel files a patent application for a memory system for a multichip digital
computer
The first prototype Alto workstation computer is turned on at Xerox Palo Alto
Research Center Its first screen display is a bitmapped image of the Sesame
Street character Cookie Monster
The first operational Alto computer is completed at Xerox PARC
Traf-O-Data shuts down It made about US$20000
Design work is completed on the Micral the first non-kit computer based on a
microprocessor (the Intel 8008) Built in France the Micral is advertised in the
US but is not successful there
The term microcomputer first appears in print in reference to the Micral
1048708 In 1975 it is used on Soyuz-Apollo mission
for calculating critical course-correction
maneuvers
8
1974
Intel releases its 2-MHz 8080 chip an 8-bit microprocessor It can access 64KB
of memory It uses 6000 transistors based on 6- micron technology Speed is 064
MIPS
In a desperate act to save his failing calculator company MITS company owner
Ed Roberts begins building a small computer based on Intels new 8080 chip
with plans to sell it for the unheard of price of US$500
MITS completes the first prototype Altair 8800 microcomputer
Bravo is developed for the Xerox Alto computer It is the first WYSIWYG
program for a personal computer
Altair
Altair was one of the first successfully sold personal computer kits for do-it-
yourself computing fans No monitor no keyboard
Keyboard and cassette drive can be added
Oscilloscope can be attached to be used as a display
1974
Railway Express loses Ed Roberts only prototype Altair computer route to New
York for review and photography for publishing by Popular Electronics
Les Solomon publisher of Popular Electronics receives Altair number 0001
Lauren Solomon 12 year old daughter of Les Solomon publisher of Popular
Electronics suggests the name Altair for Ed Roberts new microcomputer
Altair was the name of where Star Treks Enterprise was going that night on TV
9
Popular Electronics publishes an article by MITS announcing the Altair 8800
computer for US$439 in kit form It uses the Intel 8080 processor The Altair
pictured on the cover of the magazine is actually a mock-up as an actual
computer was not available
Paul Allen sees the Popular Electronics issue with the Altair and tells Bill Gates
that the microcomputer revolution is just beginning hellip1974
Gary Kildall of Microcomputer Applications Associates develops the CPM
operating system for Intel 8080-based systems
Motorola introduces its 6800 chip an early 8-bit microprocessor used in
microcomputers and industrial and automotive control devices The 6800 was
designed by Chuck Peddle and Charlie Melear
Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie develop the C programming language
RCA releases the 1802 processor running at a blazing 64 MHz It is considered
one of the first RISC chips It is used on a variety of devices from video games to
NASA space probes
Engineer David Ahl suggests Digital Equipment produce an inexpensive version
of its PDP-8 minicomputer for US$5000 Top management call the idea foolish
Gary Kildall and John Torode begin selling the CPM disk operating system for
microcomputershellip1974 Alto
Xerox releases the Alto computer
A personal computer to be used for research
Cost $32000
Never produced for profit
First serious machine to feature a modern user interface windows mouse etc
invented by Engelbart in 1964
1975
Paul Allen meets with Ed Roberts to demonstrate the newly written BASIC
interpreter for the Altair Despite never having touched an Altair before the
BASIC works flawlessly
Bill Gates and Paul Allen license their newly written BASIC to MITS their first
customer This is the first computer language program written for a personal
computer
10
The Xerox PARC-developed Gypsy word-processing system is first field tested
by end-users Gypsy is one of the first word processors termed WYSIWYG
meaning what you see is what you get Gypsy runs on the PARC-developed Alto
personal computer 1975
Fred Moore and Gordon French hold the first meeting of a new microcomputer
hobbyists club in Frenchs garage in Menlo Park California 32 people meet
including Bob Albrect Steve Dompier Lee Felsenstein Bob Marsh Tom
Pittman Marty Spergel Alan Baum and Steven Wozniak Bob Albrect shows off
an Altair and Steve Dompier reports on MITS and how they had 4000 orders for
the Altair
Stephen Dorsey founder of Automatic Electronic Systems sells his 25 of the
company for $135000
The second meeting of Fred MooreGordon Frenchs computer hobbyists group is
held at the Stanford AI lab 40 attend The name for the group is chosen Bay
Area Amateur Computer Users Group - Homebrew Computer Club 1975
Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Micro-Soft (the hyphen is later dropped)
MITS delivers the first generally-available Altair 8800 sold for US$375 with
1KB memory
MOS Technology announces the MC6501 at US$20 and the MC6502 at US$25
At this point the Intel 8080 costs about US$150
Bob Marsh delivers the first Processor Technology 4KB memory boards for the
Altair
At Xerox John Ellenby proposes they build the Alto II a modified Alto making
it easier to produce more reliable and more easily maintained His request is
approved
Bill Gates and Paul Allen sign a licensing agreement with MITS for their
implementation of the BASIC language
Bill Gates and Paul Allen ship 4K and 8K version of BASIC v20
Dick Heiser opens Arrow Head Computer Company subtitled The Computer
Store in Los Angeles selling assembled Altairs boards peripherals and
magazines This is the first retail computer store in the USA 1975
Micom Data Systems ships its first product the Micom 2000 word processing
computer
11
IBMs Entry Level Systems unit unveils Project Mercury the IBM 5100
Portable Computer It is a briefcase-size minicomputer with BASIC 16KB RAM
tape storage and built-in 5-inch screen Price US$9000 Weight 55 pounds
(Price over US$10000 )
The first issue of Byte magazine is published
MITS releases a version of Microsoft BASIC 20 for its Altair 8800 in 4K and
8K editions
Southwest Technical Products releases the M6800 computer kit
Sphere Corporation introduces its Sphere I computer kit featuring a Motorola
6800 CPU 4KB RAM ROM monitor keyboard and video interface for
US$650
Scope of the study
The scope of the organization study is concerned with in the Cerebra Integrated Technologies
Limited it is one of the casting production organization The study is limited to understanding
the finance production and other department in the organization
Objectives of Study
To study organization as a whole
To study and understand the activities of various departments in the organization
To do the SWOT analysis of the organization
Limitations of the study
The present study mainly focused on the primary data as well as secondary data In
organization they did not disclose to give more information regarding each department
Methodology
In order to achieve the above stated objectives the study has covered both primary and
secondary data
12
Primary Data
Primary data is collected through the personal interview and discussion with the employees
and also higher authorities in the organization and observation Method
Secondary Data
Secondary data is collected through the company manuals company profiles department
manuals and websites text books
Profile
The management team at cerebra has combined experience of over 100 years in wireless and
enterprise solutions We pride over selves as a complete business driven software service
providing and working to words providing solution without burdening our partners with
technology decisions with the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity team
key solutions
Cerebra provide to the solutions on various platforms like windows mobile system android
blackberry and I phone I pad and have demonstrable prototypes ready
Some of our solutions
1 LBS for content distribution
2 Logistics last mile delivery
3 Bluetooth based content and coupon management
4 SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobile web based pos
5 On field sales and support
6 RFIDBARCODE integration for asset and inventory tracking
13
Significance of products and components ready to deployed
1 Mobile marketing platform
2 Bluetooth based content delivery platform
3 Supply chain solution for the retail
4 Mobile application to handle distribution and route accounting
5 Mobile application to handle courierrsquos distribution
6 Integrators 3rd party ERPSCMCRMs
7 Mobile application to handle in line sales and support
14
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Processors at 1968 were soldered together from a large number of single transistors
and a number of small chips containing relatively small amounts of transistors each
Recollect Birth of Intel and AMD 55 Shockley Semiconductor (Shockley was one of
the inventors of transistor Nobel price in 56) 57 Fairchild Semiconductors (group of
8 Shockley engineers) 68 Intel 69 AMD (Noyce (integr circuit constructor) amp
(Sanders + 7 others)
1969
ATampT Bell Laboratories programmers Kenneth Thompson and Dennis Ritchie
developed the UNIX operating system on a spare DEC minicomputer
Intels Marcian (Ted) Hoff designs an integrated circuit chip that could receive
instructions and perform simple functions on data The design becomes the 4004
microprocessor
Intel announces a 1 KB RAM chip which has a significantly larger capacity than any
previously produced memory chip
Bill Gates and Paul Allen calling themselves the Lakeside Programming Group
sign an agreement with Computer Center Corporation to report bugs in PDP-10
software in exchange for computer time
Jerry Sanders and seven others leave Fairchild Semiconductor to form Advanced
Micro Devices
Gary Stark weather at Xeroxs research facility in Webster New York demonstrates
using a laser beam with the xerography process to create a laser printer
1970
Xerox opens the Palo Alto Research Center (PARC)
Intel creates the 1103 chip the first generally available DRAM memory chip
Wayne Pickette takes his computer-on-a-chip design to Intel and is hired began
working for Dr Ted Hoff
At Intel Wayne Pickette proposes to Ted Hoff the idea of building a computer-on-a-
chip for the Busicom project
Gilbert Hyatt files a patent application entitled Single Chip Integrated Circuit
Computer Architecture the first basic patent on the microprocessor
Work begins at Intel on the layout of the circuit for what would be the 4004
microprocessor Federico Faggin directs the work
3
Intel creates the first 4004 microprocessor First microprocessor Intel 4004 1969 The
first microprocessor ndash CPU
1971
The first commercial 4-bit microprocessor 4004 -2300 transistors -10 μm features -10 mm2
die -108 kHz kH
1970
Relational database software theory and first research groups
In 1970 an IBM researcher named Ted Codd published the first article on relational
databases
Codd envisaged a system where the user would be able to access information with
English like commands and where information would be stored in tables
Due to the technical nature of the article and the reliance on mathematics to support
its case the significance of it was not realized immediately However it did lead to
IBM starting a research group known as System R
Eventually System R evolved into SQLDS which later became DB2 The language
created by the System R group SQL (Structured Query Language) has become the
industry standard for relational databases and is now an ISO standard
First commercial SQL database created by Honeywell Information Systems Inc
which released a commercial product in June of 1976
4
1971
Computer-to-computer Communication expanded when the Department of Defense
established four nodes on the ARPANET the University of California-Santa Barbara
and UCLA SRI International and the University of Utah hellip1971hellip
Intel ships copies of the 4004 microprocessor to Busicom [55610]
Gary Boone of Texas Instruments files a patent application relating to a single-chip
computer
The newly developed device the EPROM is integrated with the 4004 to Enhance
Development Cycles of microprocessor product
Intel introduces its 4-bit bus 108-KHz 4004 chip - the first microprocessor Initial
price is US$200 Speed is 60000 operations per second It uses 2300 transistors
based on 10-micron technology It can address 640 bytes
o Documentation manuals were written by Adam Osborne The die for the chip
measures 3x4mm The chip is introduced to the public in Las Vegas by Wayne
Pickette hellip1971hellip
Intel announces the first microcomputer the MCS-4 system It uses the 4004
microprocessor 4001 ROM chip 4002 RAM chip and 4003 shift register chip
Electronic News publishes an ad from Intel promoting the 4004 chip
The National Radio Institute introduces the first computer kit for US$503
Steve Wozniak and Bill Fernandez build a computer with lights and switches from
parts rejected by local companies They call it the Cream Soda Computer hellip1971
The Ken back Corporation introduces the Kenback-1 computer for US$750 It uses a
1KB MOS memory made by Intel
Niklaus Wirth invents the Pascal programming language
Texas Instruments develops the first microcomputer-on-a-chip containing over
15000 transistors
IBM introduces the memory disk or floppy disk an 8-inch floppy plastic disk
coated with iron oxide
Wang Laboratories introduces the Wang 1200 word processor system
Intel introduces the 1101 chip a 256-bit programmable memory and the 1701 chip a
256-byte erasable read-only memory (EROM)
5
1972
Intel introduces its 200-KHz 8008 chip the first 8-bit microprocessor It accesses
16KB of memory The processor was originally developed for Computer
Terminal Corporation (later called Data point) It uses 3500 transistors based on
10-micron technology Speed is 60000 instructions per second
Researchers at PARC begin work on a prototype Alto personal computer
At Xerox PARC Alan Kay proposes they build a portable personal computer
called the Dynabook the size of an ordinary notebook PARC management does
not support it
Texas Instruments introduces the TMS1000 one-chip microcomputer It
integrates 1KB ROM and 32 bytes of RAM with a simple 4-bit processor
National Semiconductor introduces the IMP-16 microprocessor
Steve Wozniak develops ldquoblue boxrdquo to make free phone calls and sells the boxes
to fellow students at UC Berkeley 1972hellip
Some gaming stuff
Space war was a first graphical computer game created on PDP-1 in 1961
In 1970 an engineer called Ralph Baer created the game called Computer Space
based on Space War
Nolan Bushnell tried to make an arcade version of Space War and created
Computer Space Nutting Associates bought the game hired Nolan and
manufactured 1500 Space War machines The game was not a success because
people found it difficult to play
As Nolan felt he didnt receive enough pay he created his own company Atari in
1972
6
Atari ships Pong one of the first really successful commercial video games
In 1977 Atari enters the home computer market among others hellip1972
Magnavox Odyssey first home video game along with Atari
No processor combined analogdigital
Plastic overlays on TV screen to get a background picture
over 80000 Odyssey and over 20000 rifle packs sold in 1972
Altogether ca 350000 made 1972 Colossal Cave a text-based adventure game
Written by Will Crowther Will worked on developing the assembly language
program for the original routers used in creating the ARPA net In their spare
time the Crowthers both avid cavers explored and mapped portions of the
Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems in Kentucky for the Cave Research
Foundation
Crowther wrote a computer simulation based on the maps for a Digital
Equipment Corporation PDP-10 computer in FORTRAN His first version
included caver jargon and many of the names of rooms in this version came from
actual features in the caves Will had been exploring
Unfortunately it was during this period that Crowthers marriage ended Feeling
estranged from his two daughters and wanting to be closer to them he decided to
write a program that they might enjoy
Crowthers daughters enjoyed the game and it was passed from friend to friend
during the early days of the Internet appearing on countless computers on and off
the fledgling network What happened later with Colossal Cave
In 1976 Don Woods was working at Stanford Universitys Stanford Artificial
Intelligence Lab otherwise known by the acronym SAIL Woods found a copy of
Crowthers rudimentary program left on one of the SAIL computers by some
unknown Johnny Appleseed so to speak
He contacted Crowther by the simple expedient of sending email to
crowthersitename where site name was every computer then on the Internet
only a mere handful of sites at the time After corresponding with Crowther and
getting his blessings Woods greatly expanded the program
Influenced by Tolkiens writing Woods added touches such as a troll elves and a
volcano
7
Jim Gillogly at the Rand Corporation spent several weeks in 1976 porting the
code (with Woods and Crowthers blessings) from the original FORTRAN source
into C for UNIX Most UNIX systems run successors of this C version Gillogly
later ported the code to Heath kit and then IBM-PC personal computers with the
help of Walt Bilofsky founder of The Software Tool works (which was
eventually renamed Mindscape) This version was marketed in 1981 under the
name The Original Adventure hellip1972
Canadas Automatic Electronic Systems introduces the worlds first
programmable word processor with a video screen the AES 90 The computer
system uses magnetic disks for storage and a custom built microprocessor
Gary Kildall implements PLI on the Intel 4004 processor
The Peoples Computer Company is founded
Bill Gates and Paul Allen form the Traf-O-Data company
Traf-O-Data develops a primitive microcomputer based on Intels 8008
microprocessor for recording automobile traffic flow on a highway
5 14 inch diskettes first appear
Xerox decides to build a personal computer to be used for research Project
Alto begins
1973
Intel files a patent application for a memory system for a multichip digital
computer
The first prototype Alto workstation computer is turned on at Xerox Palo Alto
Research Center Its first screen display is a bitmapped image of the Sesame
Street character Cookie Monster
The first operational Alto computer is completed at Xerox PARC
Traf-O-Data shuts down It made about US$20000
Design work is completed on the Micral the first non-kit computer based on a
microprocessor (the Intel 8008) Built in France the Micral is advertised in the
US but is not successful there
The term microcomputer first appears in print in reference to the Micral
1048708 In 1975 it is used on Soyuz-Apollo mission
for calculating critical course-correction
maneuvers
8
1974
Intel releases its 2-MHz 8080 chip an 8-bit microprocessor It can access 64KB
of memory It uses 6000 transistors based on 6- micron technology Speed is 064
MIPS
In a desperate act to save his failing calculator company MITS company owner
Ed Roberts begins building a small computer based on Intels new 8080 chip
with plans to sell it for the unheard of price of US$500
MITS completes the first prototype Altair 8800 microcomputer
Bravo is developed for the Xerox Alto computer It is the first WYSIWYG
program for a personal computer
Altair
Altair was one of the first successfully sold personal computer kits for do-it-
yourself computing fans No monitor no keyboard
Keyboard and cassette drive can be added
Oscilloscope can be attached to be used as a display
1974
Railway Express loses Ed Roberts only prototype Altair computer route to New
York for review and photography for publishing by Popular Electronics
Les Solomon publisher of Popular Electronics receives Altair number 0001
Lauren Solomon 12 year old daughter of Les Solomon publisher of Popular
Electronics suggests the name Altair for Ed Roberts new microcomputer
Altair was the name of where Star Treks Enterprise was going that night on TV
9
Popular Electronics publishes an article by MITS announcing the Altair 8800
computer for US$439 in kit form It uses the Intel 8080 processor The Altair
pictured on the cover of the magazine is actually a mock-up as an actual
computer was not available
Paul Allen sees the Popular Electronics issue with the Altair and tells Bill Gates
that the microcomputer revolution is just beginning hellip1974
Gary Kildall of Microcomputer Applications Associates develops the CPM
operating system for Intel 8080-based systems
Motorola introduces its 6800 chip an early 8-bit microprocessor used in
microcomputers and industrial and automotive control devices The 6800 was
designed by Chuck Peddle and Charlie Melear
Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie develop the C programming language
RCA releases the 1802 processor running at a blazing 64 MHz It is considered
one of the first RISC chips It is used on a variety of devices from video games to
NASA space probes
Engineer David Ahl suggests Digital Equipment produce an inexpensive version
of its PDP-8 minicomputer for US$5000 Top management call the idea foolish
Gary Kildall and John Torode begin selling the CPM disk operating system for
microcomputershellip1974 Alto
Xerox releases the Alto computer
A personal computer to be used for research
Cost $32000
Never produced for profit
First serious machine to feature a modern user interface windows mouse etc
invented by Engelbart in 1964
1975
Paul Allen meets with Ed Roberts to demonstrate the newly written BASIC
interpreter for the Altair Despite never having touched an Altair before the
BASIC works flawlessly
Bill Gates and Paul Allen license their newly written BASIC to MITS their first
customer This is the first computer language program written for a personal
computer
10
The Xerox PARC-developed Gypsy word-processing system is first field tested
by end-users Gypsy is one of the first word processors termed WYSIWYG
meaning what you see is what you get Gypsy runs on the PARC-developed Alto
personal computer 1975
Fred Moore and Gordon French hold the first meeting of a new microcomputer
hobbyists club in Frenchs garage in Menlo Park California 32 people meet
including Bob Albrect Steve Dompier Lee Felsenstein Bob Marsh Tom
Pittman Marty Spergel Alan Baum and Steven Wozniak Bob Albrect shows off
an Altair and Steve Dompier reports on MITS and how they had 4000 orders for
the Altair
Stephen Dorsey founder of Automatic Electronic Systems sells his 25 of the
company for $135000
The second meeting of Fred MooreGordon Frenchs computer hobbyists group is
held at the Stanford AI lab 40 attend The name for the group is chosen Bay
Area Amateur Computer Users Group - Homebrew Computer Club 1975
Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Micro-Soft (the hyphen is later dropped)
MITS delivers the first generally-available Altair 8800 sold for US$375 with
1KB memory
MOS Technology announces the MC6501 at US$20 and the MC6502 at US$25
At this point the Intel 8080 costs about US$150
Bob Marsh delivers the first Processor Technology 4KB memory boards for the
Altair
At Xerox John Ellenby proposes they build the Alto II a modified Alto making
it easier to produce more reliable and more easily maintained His request is
approved
Bill Gates and Paul Allen sign a licensing agreement with MITS for their
implementation of the BASIC language
Bill Gates and Paul Allen ship 4K and 8K version of BASIC v20
Dick Heiser opens Arrow Head Computer Company subtitled The Computer
Store in Los Angeles selling assembled Altairs boards peripherals and
magazines This is the first retail computer store in the USA 1975
Micom Data Systems ships its first product the Micom 2000 word processing
computer
11
IBMs Entry Level Systems unit unveils Project Mercury the IBM 5100
Portable Computer It is a briefcase-size minicomputer with BASIC 16KB RAM
tape storage and built-in 5-inch screen Price US$9000 Weight 55 pounds
(Price over US$10000 )
The first issue of Byte magazine is published
MITS releases a version of Microsoft BASIC 20 for its Altair 8800 in 4K and
8K editions
Southwest Technical Products releases the M6800 computer kit
Sphere Corporation introduces its Sphere I computer kit featuring a Motorola
6800 CPU 4KB RAM ROM monitor keyboard and video interface for
US$650
Scope of the study
The scope of the organization study is concerned with in the Cerebra Integrated Technologies
Limited it is one of the casting production organization The study is limited to understanding
the finance production and other department in the organization
Objectives of Study
To study organization as a whole
To study and understand the activities of various departments in the organization
To do the SWOT analysis of the organization
Limitations of the study
The present study mainly focused on the primary data as well as secondary data In
organization they did not disclose to give more information regarding each department
Methodology
In order to achieve the above stated objectives the study has covered both primary and
secondary data
12
Primary Data
Primary data is collected through the personal interview and discussion with the employees
and also higher authorities in the organization and observation Method
Secondary Data
Secondary data is collected through the company manuals company profiles department
manuals and websites text books
Profile
The management team at cerebra has combined experience of over 100 years in wireless and
enterprise solutions We pride over selves as a complete business driven software service
providing and working to words providing solution without burdening our partners with
technology decisions with the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity team
key solutions
Cerebra provide to the solutions on various platforms like windows mobile system android
blackberry and I phone I pad and have demonstrable prototypes ready
Some of our solutions
1 LBS for content distribution
2 Logistics last mile delivery
3 Bluetooth based content and coupon management
4 SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobile web based pos
5 On field sales and support
6 RFIDBARCODE integration for asset and inventory tracking
13
Significance of products and components ready to deployed
1 Mobile marketing platform
2 Bluetooth based content delivery platform
3 Supply chain solution for the retail
4 Mobile application to handle distribution and route accounting
5 Mobile application to handle courierrsquos distribution
6 Integrators 3rd party ERPSCMCRMs
7 Mobile application to handle in line sales and support
14
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Intel creates the first 4004 microprocessor First microprocessor Intel 4004 1969 The
first microprocessor ndash CPU
1971
The first commercial 4-bit microprocessor 4004 -2300 transistors -10 μm features -10 mm2
die -108 kHz kH
1970
Relational database software theory and first research groups
In 1970 an IBM researcher named Ted Codd published the first article on relational
databases
Codd envisaged a system where the user would be able to access information with
English like commands and where information would be stored in tables
Due to the technical nature of the article and the reliance on mathematics to support
its case the significance of it was not realized immediately However it did lead to
IBM starting a research group known as System R
Eventually System R evolved into SQLDS which later became DB2 The language
created by the System R group SQL (Structured Query Language) has become the
industry standard for relational databases and is now an ISO standard
First commercial SQL database created by Honeywell Information Systems Inc
which released a commercial product in June of 1976
4
1971
Computer-to-computer Communication expanded when the Department of Defense
established four nodes on the ARPANET the University of California-Santa Barbara
and UCLA SRI International and the University of Utah hellip1971hellip
Intel ships copies of the 4004 microprocessor to Busicom [55610]
Gary Boone of Texas Instruments files a patent application relating to a single-chip
computer
The newly developed device the EPROM is integrated with the 4004 to Enhance
Development Cycles of microprocessor product
Intel introduces its 4-bit bus 108-KHz 4004 chip - the first microprocessor Initial
price is US$200 Speed is 60000 operations per second It uses 2300 transistors
based on 10-micron technology It can address 640 bytes
o Documentation manuals were written by Adam Osborne The die for the chip
measures 3x4mm The chip is introduced to the public in Las Vegas by Wayne
Pickette hellip1971hellip
Intel announces the first microcomputer the MCS-4 system It uses the 4004
microprocessor 4001 ROM chip 4002 RAM chip and 4003 shift register chip
Electronic News publishes an ad from Intel promoting the 4004 chip
The National Radio Institute introduces the first computer kit for US$503
Steve Wozniak and Bill Fernandez build a computer with lights and switches from
parts rejected by local companies They call it the Cream Soda Computer hellip1971
The Ken back Corporation introduces the Kenback-1 computer for US$750 It uses a
1KB MOS memory made by Intel
Niklaus Wirth invents the Pascal programming language
Texas Instruments develops the first microcomputer-on-a-chip containing over
15000 transistors
IBM introduces the memory disk or floppy disk an 8-inch floppy plastic disk
coated with iron oxide
Wang Laboratories introduces the Wang 1200 word processor system
Intel introduces the 1101 chip a 256-bit programmable memory and the 1701 chip a
256-byte erasable read-only memory (EROM)
5
1972
Intel introduces its 200-KHz 8008 chip the first 8-bit microprocessor It accesses
16KB of memory The processor was originally developed for Computer
Terminal Corporation (later called Data point) It uses 3500 transistors based on
10-micron technology Speed is 60000 instructions per second
Researchers at PARC begin work on a prototype Alto personal computer
At Xerox PARC Alan Kay proposes they build a portable personal computer
called the Dynabook the size of an ordinary notebook PARC management does
not support it
Texas Instruments introduces the TMS1000 one-chip microcomputer It
integrates 1KB ROM and 32 bytes of RAM with a simple 4-bit processor
National Semiconductor introduces the IMP-16 microprocessor
Steve Wozniak develops ldquoblue boxrdquo to make free phone calls and sells the boxes
to fellow students at UC Berkeley 1972hellip
Some gaming stuff
Space war was a first graphical computer game created on PDP-1 in 1961
In 1970 an engineer called Ralph Baer created the game called Computer Space
based on Space War
Nolan Bushnell tried to make an arcade version of Space War and created
Computer Space Nutting Associates bought the game hired Nolan and
manufactured 1500 Space War machines The game was not a success because
people found it difficult to play
As Nolan felt he didnt receive enough pay he created his own company Atari in
1972
6
Atari ships Pong one of the first really successful commercial video games
In 1977 Atari enters the home computer market among others hellip1972
Magnavox Odyssey first home video game along with Atari
No processor combined analogdigital
Plastic overlays on TV screen to get a background picture
over 80000 Odyssey and over 20000 rifle packs sold in 1972
Altogether ca 350000 made 1972 Colossal Cave a text-based adventure game
Written by Will Crowther Will worked on developing the assembly language
program for the original routers used in creating the ARPA net In their spare
time the Crowthers both avid cavers explored and mapped portions of the
Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems in Kentucky for the Cave Research
Foundation
Crowther wrote a computer simulation based on the maps for a Digital
Equipment Corporation PDP-10 computer in FORTRAN His first version
included caver jargon and many of the names of rooms in this version came from
actual features in the caves Will had been exploring
Unfortunately it was during this period that Crowthers marriage ended Feeling
estranged from his two daughters and wanting to be closer to them he decided to
write a program that they might enjoy
Crowthers daughters enjoyed the game and it was passed from friend to friend
during the early days of the Internet appearing on countless computers on and off
the fledgling network What happened later with Colossal Cave
In 1976 Don Woods was working at Stanford Universitys Stanford Artificial
Intelligence Lab otherwise known by the acronym SAIL Woods found a copy of
Crowthers rudimentary program left on one of the SAIL computers by some
unknown Johnny Appleseed so to speak
He contacted Crowther by the simple expedient of sending email to
crowthersitename where site name was every computer then on the Internet
only a mere handful of sites at the time After corresponding with Crowther and
getting his blessings Woods greatly expanded the program
Influenced by Tolkiens writing Woods added touches such as a troll elves and a
volcano
7
Jim Gillogly at the Rand Corporation spent several weeks in 1976 porting the
code (with Woods and Crowthers blessings) from the original FORTRAN source
into C for UNIX Most UNIX systems run successors of this C version Gillogly
later ported the code to Heath kit and then IBM-PC personal computers with the
help of Walt Bilofsky founder of The Software Tool works (which was
eventually renamed Mindscape) This version was marketed in 1981 under the
name The Original Adventure hellip1972
Canadas Automatic Electronic Systems introduces the worlds first
programmable word processor with a video screen the AES 90 The computer
system uses magnetic disks for storage and a custom built microprocessor
Gary Kildall implements PLI on the Intel 4004 processor
The Peoples Computer Company is founded
Bill Gates and Paul Allen form the Traf-O-Data company
Traf-O-Data develops a primitive microcomputer based on Intels 8008
microprocessor for recording automobile traffic flow on a highway
5 14 inch diskettes first appear
Xerox decides to build a personal computer to be used for research Project
Alto begins
1973
Intel files a patent application for a memory system for a multichip digital
computer
The first prototype Alto workstation computer is turned on at Xerox Palo Alto
Research Center Its first screen display is a bitmapped image of the Sesame
Street character Cookie Monster
The first operational Alto computer is completed at Xerox PARC
Traf-O-Data shuts down It made about US$20000
Design work is completed on the Micral the first non-kit computer based on a
microprocessor (the Intel 8008) Built in France the Micral is advertised in the
US but is not successful there
The term microcomputer first appears in print in reference to the Micral
1048708 In 1975 it is used on Soyuz-Apollo mission
for calculating critical course-correction
maneuvers
8
1974
Intel releases its 2-MHz 8080 chip an 8-bit microprocessor It can access 64KB
of memory It uses 6000 transistors based on 6- micron technology Speed is 064
MIPS
In a desperate act to save his failing calculator company MITS company owner
Ed Roberts begins building a small computer based on Intels new 8080 chip
with plans to sell it for the unheard of price of US$500
MITS completes the first prototype Altair 8800 microcomputer
Bravo is developed for the Xerox Alto computer It is the first WYSIWYG
program for a personal computer
Altair
Altair was one of the first successfully sold personal computer kits for do-it-
yourself computing fans No monitor no keyboard
Keyboard and cassette drive can be added
Oscilloscope can be attached to be used as a display
1974
Railway Express loses Ed Roberts only prototype Altair computer route to New
York for review and photography for publishing by Popular Electronics
Les Solomon publisher of Popular Electronics receives Altair number 0001
Lauren Solomon 12 year old daughter of Les Solomon publisher of Popular
Electronics suggests the name Altair for Ed Roberts new microcomputer
Altair was the name of where Star Treks Enterprise was going that night on TV
9
Popular Electronics publishes an article by MITS announcing the Altair 8800
computer for US$439 in kit form It uses the Intel 8080 processor The Altair
pictured on the cover of the magazine is actually a mock-up as an actual
computer was not available
Paul Allen sees the Popular Electronics issue with the Altair and tells Bill Gates
that the microcomputer revolution is just beginning hellip1974
Gary Kildall of Microcomputer Applications Associates develops the CPM
operating system for Intel 8080-based systems
Motorola introduces its 6800 chip an early 8-bit microprocessor used in
microcomputers and industrial and automotive control devices The 6800 was
designed by Chuck Peddle and Charlie Melear
Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie develop the C programming language
RCA releases the 1802 processor running at a blazing 64 MHz It is considered
one of the first RISC chips It is used on a variety of devices from video games to
NASA space probes
Engineer David Ahl suggests Digital Equipment produce an inexpensive version
of its PDP-8 minicomputer for US$5000 Top management call the idea foolish
Gary Kildall and John Torode begin selling the CPM disk operating system for
microcomputershellip1974 Alto
Xerox releases the Alto computer
A personal computer to be used for research
Cost $32000
Never produced for profit
First serious machine to feature a modern user interface windows mouse etc
invented by Engelbart in 1964
1975
Paul Allen meets with Ed Roberts to demonstrate the newly written BASIC
interpreter for the Altair Despite never having touched an Altair before the
BASIC works flawlessly
Bill Gates and Paul Allen license their newly written BASIC to MITS their first
customer This is the first computer language program written for a personal
computer
10
The Xerox PARC-developed Gypsy word-processing system is first field tested
by end-users Gypsy is one of the first word processors termed WYSIWYG
meaning what you see is what you get Gypsy runs on the PARC-developed Alto
personal computer 1975
Fred Moore and Gordon French hold the first meeting of a new microcomputer
hobbyists club in Frenchs garage in Menlo Park California 32 people meet
including Bob Albrect Steve Dompier Lee Felsenstein Bob Marsh Tom
Pittman Marty Spergel Alan Baum and Steven Wozniak Bob Albrect shows off
an Altair and Steve Dompier reports on MITS and how they had 4000 orders for
the Altair
Stephen Dorsey founder of Automatic Electronic Systems sells his 25 of the
company for $135000
The second meeting of Fred MooreGordon Frenchs computer hobbyists group is
held at the Stanford AI lab 40 attend The name for the group is chosen Bay
Area Amateur Computer Users Group - Homebrew Computer Club 1975
Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Micro-Soft (the hyphen is later dropped)
MITS delivers the first generally-available Altair 8800 sold for US$375 with
1KB memory
MOS Technology announces the MC6501 at US$20 and the MC6502 at US$25
At this point the Intel 8080 costs about US$150
Bob Marsh delivers the first Processor Technology 4KB memory boards for the
Altair
At Xerox John Ellenby proposes they build the Alto II a modified Alto making
it easier to produce more reliable and more easily maintained His request is
approved
Bill Gates and Paul Allen sign a licensing agreement with MITS for their
implementation of the BASIC language
Bill Gates and Paul Allen ship 4K and 8K version of BASIC v20
Dick Heiser opens Arrow Head Computer Company subtitled The Computer
Store in Los Angeles selling assembled Altairs boards peripherals and
magazines This is the first retail computer store in the USA 1975
Micom Data Systems ships its first product the Micom 2000 word processing
computer
11
IBMs Entry Level Systems unit unveils Project Mercury the IBM 5100
Portable Computer It is a briefcase-size minicomputer with BASIC 16KB RAM
tape storage and built-in 5-inch screen Price US$9000 Weight 55 pounds
(Price over US$10000 )
The first issue of Byte magazine is published
MITS releases a version of Microsoft BASIC 20 for its Altair 8800 in 4K and
8K editions
Southwest Technical Products releases the M6800 computer kit
Sphere Corporation introduces its Sphere I computer kit featuring a Motorola
6800 CPU 4KB RAM ROM monitor keyboard and video interface for
US$650
Scope of the study
The scope of the organization study is concerned with in the Cerebra Integrated Technologies
Limited it is one of the casting production organization The study is limited to understanding
the finance production and other department in the organization
Objectives of Study
To study organization as a whole
To study and understand the activities of various departments in the organization
To do the SWOT analysis of the organization
Limitations of the study
The present study mainly focused on the primary data as well as secondary data In
organization they did not disclose to give more information regarding each department
Methodology
In order to achieve the above stated objectives the study has covered both primary and
secondary data
12
Primary Data
Primary data is collected through the personal interview and discussion with the employees
and also higher authorities in the organization and observation Method
Secondary Data
Secondary data is collected through the company manuals company profiles department
manuals and websites text books
Profile
The management team at cerebra has combined experience of over 100 years in wireless and
enterprise solutions We pride over selves as a complete business driven software service
providing and working to words providing solution without burdening our partners with
technology decisions with the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity team
key solutions
Cerebra provide to the solutions on various platforms like windows mobile system android
blackberry and I phone I pad and have demonstrable prototypes ready
Some of our solutions
1 LBS for content distribution
2 Logistics last mile delivery
3 Bluetooth based content and coupon management
4 SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobile web based pos
5 On field sales and support
6 RFIDBARCODE integration for asset and inventory tracking
13
Significance of products and components ready to deployed
1 Mobile marketing platform
2 Bluetooth based content delivery platform
3 Supply chain solution for the retail
4 Mobile application to handle distribution and route accounting
5 Mobile application to handle courierrsquos distribution
6 Integrators 3rd party ERPSCMCRMs
7 Mobile application to handle in line sales and support
14
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
1971
Computer-to-computer Communication expanded when the Department of Defense
established four nodes on the ARPANET the University of California-Santa Barbara
and UCLA SRI International and the University of Utah hellip1971hellip
Intel ships copies of the 4004 microprocessor to Busicom [55610]
Gary Boone of Texas Instruments files a patent application relating to a single-chip
computer
The newly developed device the EPROM is integrated with the 4004 to Enhance
Development Cycles of microprocessor product
Intel introduces its 4-bit bus 108-KHz 4004 chip - the first microprocessor Initial
price is US$200 Speed is 60000 operations per second It uses 2300 transistors
based on 10-micron technology It can address 640 bytes
o Documentation manuals were written by Adam Osborne The die for the chip
measures 3x4mm The chip is introduced to the public in Las Vegas by Wayne
Pickette hellip1971hellip
Intel announces the first microcomputer the MCS-4 system It uses the 4004
microprocessor 4001 ROM chip 4002 RAM chip and 4003 shift register chip
Electronic News publishes an ad from Intel promoting the 4004 chip
The National Radio Institute introduces the first computer kit for US$503
Steve Wozniak and Bill Fernandez build a computer with lights and switches from
parts rejected by local companies They call it the Cream Soda Computer hellip1971
The Ken back Corporation introduces the Kenback-1 computer for US$750 It uses a
1KB MOS memory made by Intel
Niklaus Wirth invents the Pascal programming language
Texas Instruments develops the first microcomputer-on-a-chip containing over
15000 transistors
IBM introduces the memory disk or floppy disk an 8-inch floppy plastic disk
coated with iron oxide
Wang Laboratories introduces the Wang 1200 word processor system
Intel introduces the 1101 chip a 256-bit programmable memory and the 1701 chip a
256-byte erasable read-only memory (EROM)
5
1972
Intel introduces its 200-KHz 8008 chip the first 8-bit microprocessor It accesses
16KB of memory The processor was originally developed for Computer
Terminal Corporation (later called Data point) It uses 3500 transistors based on
10-micron technology Speed is 60000 instructions per second
Researchers at PARC begin work on a prototype Alto personal computer
At Xerox PARC Alan Kay proposes they build a portable personal computer
called the Dynabook the size of an ordinary notebook PARC management does
not support it
Texas Instruments introduces the TMS1000 one-chip microcomputer It
integrates 1KB ROM and 32 bytes of RAM with a simple 4-bit processor
National Semiconductor introduces the IMP-16 microprocessor
Steve Wozniak develops ldquoblue boxrdquo to make free phone calls and sells the boxes
to fellow students at UC Berkeley 1972hellip
Some gaming stuff
Space war was a first graphical computer game created on PDP-1 in 1961
In 1970 an engineer called Ralph Baer created the game called Computer Space
based on Space War
Nolan Bushnell tried to make an arcade version of Space War and created
Computer Space Nutting Associates bought the game hired Nolan and
manufactured 1500 Space War machines The game was not a success because
people found it difficult to play
As Nolan felt he didnt receive enough pay he created his own company Atari in
1972
6
Atari ships Pong one of the first really successful commercial video games
In 1977 Atari enters the home computer market among others hellip1972
Magnavox Odyssey first home video game along with Atari
No processor combined analogdigital
Plastic overlays on TV screen to get a background picture
over 80000 Odyssey and over 20000 rifle packs sold in 1972
Altogether ca 350000 made 1972 Colossal Cave a text-based adventure game
Written by Will Crowther Will worked on developing the assembly language
program for the original routers used in creating the ARPA net In their spare
time the Crowthers both avid cavers explored and mapped portions of the
Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems in Kentucky for the Cave Research
Foundation
Crowther wrote a computer simulation based on the maps for a Digital
Equipment Corporation PDP-10 computer in FORTRAN His first version
included caver jargon and many of the names of rooms in this version came from
actual features in the caves Will had been exploring
Unfortunately it was during this period that Crowthers marriage ended Feeling
estranged from his two daughters and wanting to be closer to them he decided to
write a program that they might enjoy
Crowthers daughters enjoyed the game and it was passed from friend to friend
during the early days of the Internet appearing on countless computers on and off
the fledgling network What happened later with Colossal Cave
In 1976 Don Woods was working at Stanford Universitys Stanford Artificial
Intelligence Lab otherwise known by the acronym SAIL Woods found a copy of
Crowthers rudimentary program left on one of the SAIL computers by some
unknown Johnny Appleseed so to speak
He contacted Crowther by the simple expedient of sending email to
crowthersitename where site name was every computer then on the Internet
only a mere handful of sites at the time After corresponding with Crowther and
getting his blessings Woods greatly expanded the program
Influenced by Tolkiens writing Woods added touches such as a troll elves and a
volcano
7
Jim Gillogly at the Rand Corporation spent several weeks in 1976 porting the
code (with Woods and Crowthers blessings) from the original FORTRAN source
into C for UNIX Most UNIX systems run successors of this C version Gillogly
later ported the code to Heath kit and then IBM-PC personal computers with the
help of Walt Bilofsky founder of The Software Tool works (which was
eventually renamed Mindscape) This version was marketed in 1981 under the
name The Original Adventure hellip1972
Canadas Automatic Electronic Systems introduces the worlds first
programmable word processor with a video screen the AES 90 The computer
system uses magnetic disks for storage and a custom built microprocessor
Gary Kildall implements PLI on the Intel 4004 processor
The Peoples Computer Company is founded
Bill Gates and Paul Allen form the Traf-O-Data company
Traf-O-Data develops a primitive microcomputer based on Intels 8008
microprocessor for recording automobile traffic flow on a highway
5 14 inch diskettes first appear
Xerox decides to build a personal computer to be used for research Project
Alto begins
1973
Intel files a patent application for a memory system for a multichip digital
computer
The first prototype Alto workstation computer is turned on at Xerox Palo Alto
Research Center Its first screen display is a bitmapped image of the Sesame
Street character Cookie Monster
The first operational Alto computer is completed at Xerox PARC
Traf-O-Data shuts down It made about US$20000
Design work is completed on the Micral the first non-kit computer based on a
microprocessor (the Intel 8008) Built in France the Micral is advertised in the
US but is not successful there
The term microcomputer first appears in print in reference to the Micral
1048708 In 1975 it is used on Soyuz-Apollo mission
for calculating critical course-correction
maneuvers
8
1974
Intel releases its 2-MHz 8080 chip an 8-bit microprocessor It can access 64KB
of memory It uses 6000 transistors based on 6- micron technology Speed is 064
MIPS
In a desperate act to save his failing calculator company MITS company owner
Ed Roberts begins building a small computer based on Intels new 8080 chip
with plans to sell it for the unheard of price of US$500
MITS completes the first prototype Altair 8800 microcomputer
Bravo is developed for the Xerox Alto computer It is the first WYSIWYG
program for a personal computer
Altair
Altair was one of the first successfully sold personal computer kits for do-it-
yourself computing fans No monitor no keyboard
Keyboard and cassette drive can be added
Oscilloscope can be attached to be used as a display
1974
Railway Express loses Ed Roberts only prototype Altair computer route to New
York for review and photography for publishing by Popular Electronics
Les Solomon publisher of Popular Electronics receives Altair number 0001
Lauren Solomon 12 year old daughter of Les Solomon publisher of Popular
Electronics suggests the name Altair for Ed Roberts new microcomputer
Altair was the name of where Star Treks Enterprise was going that night on TV
9
Popular Electronics publishes an article by MITS announcing the Altair 8800
computer for US$439 in kit form It uses the Intel 8080 processor The Altair
pictured on the cover of the magazine is actually a mock-up as an actual
computer was not available
Paul Allen sees the Popular Electronics issue with the Altair and tells Bill Gates
that the microcomputer revolution is just beginning hellip1974
Gary Kildall of Microcomputer Applications Associates develops the CPM
operating system for Intel 8080-based systems
Motorola introduces its 6800 chip an early 8-bit microprocessor used in
microcomputers and industrial and automotive control devices The 6800 was
designed by Chuck Peddle and Charlie Melear
Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie develop the C programming language
RCA releases the 1802 processor running at a blazing 64 MHz It is considered
one of the first RISC chips It is used on a variety of devices from video games to
NASA space probes
Engineer David Ahl suggests Digital Equipment produce an inexpensive version
of its PDP-8 minicomputer for US$5000 Top management call the idea foolish
Gary Kildall and John Torode begin selling the CPM disk operating system for
microcomputershellip1974 Alto
Xerox releases the Alto computer
A personal computer to be used for research
Cost $32000
Never produced for profit
First serious machine to feature a modern user interface windows mouse etc
invented by Engelbart in 1964
1975
Paul Allen meets with Ed Roberts to demonstrate the newly written BASIC
interpreter for the Altair Despite never having touched an Altair before the
BASIC works flawlessly
Bill Gates and Paul Allen license their newly written BASIC to MITS their first
customer This is the first computer language program written for a personal
computer
10
The Xerox PARC-developed Gypsy word-processing system is first field tested
by end-users Gypsy is one of the first word processors termed WYSIWYG
meaning what you see is what you get Gypsy runs on the PARC-developed Alto
personal computer 1975
Fred Moore and Gordon French hold the first meeting of a new microcomputer
hobbyists club in Frenchs garage in Menlo Park California 32 people meet
including Bob Albrect Steve Dompier Lee Felsenstein Bob Marsh Tom
Pittman Marty Spergel Alan Baum and Steven Wozniak Bob Albrect shows off
an Altair and Steve Dompier reports on MITS and how they had 4000 orders for
the Altair
Stephen Dorsey founder of Automatic Electronic Systems sells his 25 of the
company for $135000
The second meeting of Fred MooreGordon Frenchs computer hobbyists group is
held at the Stanford AI lab 40 attend The name for the group is chosen Bay
Area Amateur Computer Users Group - Homebrew Computer Club 1975
Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Micro-Soft (the hyphen is later dropped)
MITS delivers the first generally-available Altair 8800 sold for US$375 with
1KB memory
MOS Technology announces the MC6501 at US$20 and the MC6502 at US$25
At this point the Intel 8080 costs about US$150
Bob Marsh delivers the first Processor Technology 4KB memory boards for the
Altair
At Xerox John Ellenby proposes they build the Alto II a modified Alto making
it easier to produce more reliable and more easily maintained His request is
approved
Bill Gates and Paul Allen sign a licensing agreement with MITS for their
implementation of the BASIC language
Bill Gates and Paul Allen ship 4K and 8K version of BASIC v20
Dick Heiser opens Arrow Head Computer Company subtitled The Computer
Store in Los Angeles selling assembled Altairs boards peripherals and
magazines This is the first retail computer store in the USA 1975
Micom Data Systems ships its first product the Micom 2000 word processing
computer
11
IBMs Entry Level Systems unit unveils Project Mercury the IBM 5100
Portable Computer It is a briefcase-size minicomputer with BASIC 16KB RAM
tape storage and built-in 5-inch screen Price US$9000 Weight 55 pounds
(Price over US$10000 )
The first issue of Byte magazine is published
MITS releases a version of Microsoft BASIC 20 for its Altair 8800 in 4K and
8K editions
Southwest Technical Products releases the M6800 computer kit
Sphere Corporation introduces its Sphere I computer kit featuring a Motorola
6800 CPU 4KB RAM ROM monitor keyboard and video interface for
US$650
Scope of the study
The scope of the organization study is concerned with in the Cerebra Integrated Technologies
Limited it is one of the casting production organization The study is limited to understanding
the finance production and other department in the organization
Objectives of Study
To study organization as a whole
To study and understand the activities of various departments in the organization
To do the SWOT analysis of the organization
Limitations of the study
The present study mainly focused on the primary data as well as secondary data In
organization they did not disclose to give more information regarding each department
Methodology
In order to achieve the above stated objectives the study has covered both primary and
secondary data
12
Primary Data
Primary data is collected through the personal interview and discussion with the employees
and also higher authorities in the organization and observation Method
Secondary Data
Secondary data is collected through the company manuals company profiles department
manuals and websites text books
Profile
The management team at cerebra has combined experience of over 100 years in wireless and
enterprise solutions We pride over selves as a complete business driven software service
providing and working to words providing solution without burdening our partners with
technology decisions with the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity team
key solutions
Cerebra provide to the solutions on various platforms like windows mobile system android
blackberry and I phone I pad and have demonstrable prototypes ready
Some of our solutions
1 LBS for content distribution
2 Logistics last mile delivery
3 Bluetooth based content and coupon management
4 SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobile web based pos
5 On field sales and support
6 RFIDBARCODE integration for asset and inventory tracking
13
Significance of products and components ready to deployed
1 Mobile marketing platform
2 Bluetooth based content delivery platform
3 Supply chain solution for the retail
4 Mobile application to handle distribution and route accounting
5 Mobile application to handle courierrsquos distribution
6 Integrators 3rd party ERPSCMCRMs
7 Mobile application to handle in line sales and support
14
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
1972
Intel introduces its 200-KHz 8008 chip the first 8-bit microprocessor It accesses
16KB of memory The processor was originally developed for Computer
Terminal Corporation (later called Data point) It uses 3500 transistors based on
10-micron technology Speed is 60000 instructions per second
Researchers at PARC begin work on a prototype Alto personal computer
At Xerox PARC Alan Kay proposes they build a portable personal computer
called the Dynabook the size of an ordinary notebook PARC management does
not support it
Texas Instruments introduces the TMS1000 one-chip microcomputer It
integrates 1KB ROM and 32 bytes of RAM with a simple 4-bit processor
National Semiconductor introduces the IMP-16 microprocessor
Steve Wozniak develops ldquoblue boxrdquo to make free phone calls and sells the boxes
to fellow students at UC Berkeley 1972hellip
Some gaming stuff
Space war was a first graphical computer game created on PDP-1 in 1961
In 1970 an engineer called Ralph Baer created the game called Computer Space
based on Space War
Nolan Bushnell tried to make an arcade version of Space War and created
Computer Space Nutting Associates bought the game hired Nolan and
manufactured 1500 Space War machines The game was not a success because
people found it difficult to play
As Nolan felt he didnt receive enough pay he created his own company Atari in
1972
6
Atari ships Pong one of the first really successful commercial video games
In 1977 Atari enters the home computer market among others hellip1972
Magnavox Odyssey first home video game along with Atari
No processor combined analogdigital
Plastic overlays on TV screen to get a background picture
over 80000 Odyssey and over 20000 rifle packs sold in 1972
Altogether ca 350000 made 1972 Colossal Cave a text-based adventure game
Written by Will Crowther Will worked on developing the assembly language
program for the original routers used in creating the ARPA net In their spare
time the Crowthers both avid cavers explored and mapped portions of the
Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems in Kentucky for the Cave Research
Foundation
Crowther wrote a computer simulation based on the maps for a Digital
Equipment Corporation PDP-10 computer in FORTRAN His first version
included caver jargon and many of the names of rooms in this version came from
actual features in the caves Will had been exploring
Unfortunately it was during this period that Crowthers marriage ended Feeling
estranged from his two daughters and wanting to be closer to them he decided to
write a program that they might enjoy
Crowthers daughters enjoyed the game and it was passed from friend to friend
during the early days of the Internet appearing on countless computers on and off
the fledgling network What happened later with Colossal Cave
In 1976 Don Woods was working at Stanford Universitys Stanford Artificial
Intelligence Lab otherwise known by the acronym SAIL Woods found a copy of
Crowthers rudimentary program left on one of the SAIL computers by some
unknown Johnny Appleseed so to speak
He contacted Crowther by the simple expedient of sending email to
crowthersitename where site name was every computer then on the Internet
only a mere handful of sites at the time After corresponding with Crowther and
getting his blessings Woods greatly expanded the program
Influenced by Tolkiens writing Woods added touches such as a troll elves and a
volcano
7
Jim Gillogly at the Rand Corporation spent several weeks in 1976 porting the
code (with Woods and Crowthers blessings) from the original FORTRAN source
into C for UNIX Most UNIX systems run successors of this C version Gillogly
later ported the code to Heath kit and then IBM-PC personal computers with the
help of Walt Bilofsky founder of The Software Tool works (which was
eventually renamed Mindscape) This version was marketed in 1981 under the
name The Original Adventure hellip1972
Canadas Automatic Electronic Systems introduces the worlds first
programmable word processor with a video screen the AES 90 The computer
system uses magnetic disks for storage and a custom built microprocessor
Gary Kildall implements PLI on the Intel 4004 processor
The Peoples Computer Company is founded
Bill Gates and Paul Allen form the Traf-O-Data company
Traf-O-Data develops a primitive microcomputer based on Intels 8008
microprocessor for recording automobile traffic flow on a highway
5 14 inch diskettes first appear
Xerox decides to build a personal computer to be used for research Project
Alto begins
1973
Intel files a patent application for a memory system for a multichip digital
computer
The first prototype Alto workstation computer is turned on at Xerox Palo Alto
Research Center Its first screen display is a bitmapped image of the Sesame
Street character Cookie Monster
The first operational Alto computer is completed at Xerox PARC
Traf-O-Data shuts down It made about US$20000
Design work is completed on the Micral the first non-kit computer based on a
microprocessor (the Intel 8008) Built in France the Micral is advertised in the
US but is not successful there
The term microcomputer first appears in print in reference to the Micral
1048708 In 1975 it is used on Soyuz-Apollo mission
for calculating critical course-correction
maneuvers
8
1974
Intel releases its 2-MHz 8080 chip an 8-bit microprocessor It can access 64KB
of memory It uses 6000 transistors based on 6- micron technology Speed is 064
MIPS
In a desperate act to save his failing calculator company MITS company owner
Ed Roberts begins building a small computer based on Intels new 8080 chip
with plans to sell it for the unheard of price of US$500
MITS completes the first prototype Altair 8800 microcomputer
Bravo is developed for the Xerox Alto computer It is the first WYSIWYG
program for a personal computer
Altair
Altair was one of the first successfully sold personal computer kits for do-it-
yourself computing fans No monitor no keyboard
Keyboard and cassette drive can be added
Oscilloscope can be attached to be used as a display
1974
Railway Express loses Ed Roberts only prototype Altair computer route to New
York for review and photography for publishing by Popular Electronics
Les Solomon publisher of Popular Electronics receives Altair number 0001
Lauren Solomon 12 year old daughter of Les Solomon publisher of Popular
Electronics suggests the name Altair for Ed Roberts new microcomputer
Altair was the name of where Star Treks Enterprise was going that night on TV
9
Popular Electronics publishes an article by MITS announcing the Altair 8800
computer for US$439 in kit form It uses the Intel 8080 processor The Altair
pictured on the cover of the magazine is actually a mock-up as an actual
computer was not available
Paul Allen sees the Popular Electronics issue with the Altair and tells Bill Gates
that the microcomputer revolution is just beginning hellip1974
Gary Kildall of Microcomputer Applications Associates develops the CPM
operating system for Intel 8080-based systems
Motorola introduces its 6800 chip an early 8-bit microprocessor used in
microcomputers and industrial and automotive control devices The 6800 was
designed by Chuck Peddle and Charlie Melear
Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie develop the C programming language
RCA releases the 1802 processor running at a blazing 64 MHz It is considered
one of the first RISC chips It is used on a variety of devices from video games to
NASA space probes
Engineer David Ahl suggests Digital Equipment produce an inexpensive version
of its PDP-8 minicomputer for US$5000 Top management call the idea foolish
Gary Kildall and John Torode begin selling the CPM disk operating system for
microcomputershellip1974 Alto
Xerox releases the Alto computer
A personal computer to be used for research
Cost $32000
Never produced for profit
First serious machine to feature a modern user interface windows mouse etc
invented by Engelbart in 1964
1975
Paul Allen meets with Ed Roberts to demonstrate the newly written BASIC
interpreter for the Altair Despite never having touched an Altair before the
BASIC works flawlessly
Bill Gates and Paul Allen license their newly written BASIC to MITS their first
customer This is the first computer language program written for a personal
computer
10
The Xerox PARC-developed Gypsy word-processing system is first field tested
by end-users Gypsy is one of the first word processors termed WYSIWYG
meaning what you see is what you get Gypsy runs on the PARC-developed Alto
personal computer 1975
Fred Moore and Gordon French hold the first meeting of a new microcomputer
hobbyists club in Frenchs garage in Menlo Park California 32 people meet
including Bob Albrect Steve Dompier Lee Felsenstein Bob Marsh Tom
Pittman Marty Spergel Alan Baum and Steven Wozniak Bob Albrect shows off
an Altair and Steve Dompier reports on MITS and how they had 4000 orders for
the Altair
Stephen Dorsey founder of Automatic Electronic Systems sells his 25 of the
company for $135000
The second meeting of Fred MooreGordon Frenchs computer hobbyists group is
held at the Stanford AI lab 40 attend The name for the group is chosen Bay
Area Amateur Computer Users Group - Homebrew Computer Club 1975
Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Micro-Soft (the hyphen is later dropped)
MITS delivers the first generally-available Altair 8800 sold for US$375 with
1KB memory
MOS Technology announces the MC6501 at US$20 and the MC6502 at US$25
At this point the Intel 8080 costs about US$150
Bob Marsh delivers the first Processor Technology 4KB memory boards for the
Altair
At Xerox John Ellenby proposes they build the Alto II a modified Alto making
it easier to produce more reliable and more easily maintained His request is
approved
Bill Gates and Paul Allen sign a licensing agreement with MITS for their
implementation of the BASIC language
Bill Gates and Paul Allen ship 4K and 8K version of BASIC v20
Dick Heiser opens Arrow Head Computer Company subtitled The Computer
Store in Los Angeles selling assembled Altairs boards peripherals and
magazines This is the first retail computer store in the USA 1975
Micom Data Systems ships its first product the Micom 2000 word processing
computer
11
IBMs Entry Level Systems unit unveils Project Mercury the IBM 5100
Portable Computer It is a briefcase-size minicomputer with BASIC 16KB RAM
tape storage and built-in 5-inch screen Price US$9000 Weight 55 pounds
(Price over US$10000 )
The first issue of Byte magazine is published
MITS releases a version of Microsoft BASIC 20 for its Altair 8800 in 4K and
8K editions
Southwest Technical Products releases the M6800 computer kit
Sphere Corporation introduces its Sphere I computer kit featuring a Motorola
6800 CPU 4KB RAM ROM monitor keyboard and video interface for
US$650
Scope of the study
The scope of the organization study is concerned with in the Cerebra Integrated Technologies
Limited it is one of the casting production organization The study is limited to understanding
the finance production and other department in the organization
Objectives of Study
To study organization as a whole
To study and understand the activities of various departments in the organization
To do the SWOT analysis of the organization
Limitations of the study
The present study mainly focused on the primary data as well as secondary data In
organization they did not disclose to give more information regarding each department
Methodology
In order to achieve the above stated objectives the study has covered both primary and
secondary data
12
Primary Data
Primary data is collected through the personal interview and discussion with the employees
and also higher authorities in the organization and observation Method
Secondary Data
Secondary data is collected through the company manuals company profiles department
manuals and websites text books
Profile
The management team at cerebra has combined experience of over 100 years in wireless and
enterprise solutions We pride over selves as a complete business driven software service
providing and working to words providing solution without burdening our partners with
technology decisions with the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity team
key solutions
Cerebra provide to the solutions on various platforms like windows mobile system android
blackberry and I phone I pad and have demonstrable prototypes ready
Some of our solutions
1 LBS for content distribution
2 Logistics last mile delivery
3 Bluetooth based content and coupon management
4 SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobile web based pos
5 On field sales and support
6 RFIDBARCODE integration for asset and inventory tracking
13
Significance of products and components ready to deployed
1 Mobile marketing platform
2 Bluetooth based content delivery platform
3 Supply chain solution for the retail
4 Mobile application to handle distribution and route accounting
5 Mobile application to handle courierrsquos distribution
6 Integrators 3rd party ERPSCMCRMs
7 Mobile application to handle in line sales and support
14
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Atari ships Pong one of the first really successful commercial video games
In 1977 Atari enters the home computer market among others hellip1972
Magnavox Odyssey first home video game along with Atari
No processor combined analogdigital
Plastic overlays on TV screen to get a background picture
over 80000 Odyssey and over 20000 rifle packs sold in 1972
Altogether ca 350000 made 1972 Colossal Cave a text-based adventure game
Written by Will Crowther Will worked on developing the assembly language
program for the original routers used in creating the ARPA net In their spare
time the Crowthers both avid cavers explored and mapped portions of the
Mammoth and Flint Ridge cave systems in Kentucky for the Cave Research
Foundation
Crowther wrote a computer simulation based on the maps for a Digital
Equipment Corporation PDP-10 computer in FORTRAN His first version
included caver jargon and many of the names of rooms in this version came from
actual features in the caves Will had been exploring
Unfortunately it was during this period that Crowthers marriage ended Feeling
estranged from his two daughters and wanting to be closer to them he decided to
write a program that they might enjoy
Crowthers daughters enjoyed the game and it was passed from friend to friend
during the early days of the Internet appearing on countless computers on and off
the fledgling network What happened later with Colossal Cave
In 1976 Don Woods was working at Stanford Universitys Stanford Artificial
Intelligence Lab otherwise known by the acronym SAIL Woods found a copy of
Crowthers rudimentary program left on one of the SAIL computers by some
unknown Johnny Appleseed so to speak
He contacted Crowther by the simple expedient of sending email to
crowthersitename where site name was every computer then on the Internet
only a mere handful of sites at the time After corresponding with Crowther and
getting his blessings Woods greatly expanded the program
Influenced by Tolkiens writing Woods added touches such as a troll elves and a
volcano
7
Jim Gillogly at the Rand Corporation spent several weeks in 1976 porting the
code (with Woods and Crowthers blessings) from the original FORTRAN source
into C for UNIX Most UNIX systems run successors of this C version Gillogly
later ported the code to Heath kit and then IBM-PC personal computers with the
help of Walt Bilofsky founder of The Software Tool works (which was
eventually renamed Mindscape) This version was marketed in 1981 under the
name The Original Adventure hellip1972
Canadas Automatic Electronic Systems introduces the worlds first
programmable word processor with a video screen the AES 90 The computer
system uses magnetic disks for storage and a custom built microprocessor
Gary Kildall implements PLI on the Intel 4004 processor
The Peoples Computer Company is founded
Bill Gates and Paul Allen form the Traf-O-Data company
Traf-O-Data develops a primitive microcomputer based on Intels 8008
microprocessor for recording automobile traffic flow on a highway
5 14 inch diskettes first appear
Xerox decides to build a personal computer to be used for research Project
Alto begins
1973
Intel files a patent application for a memory system for a multichip digital
computer
The first prototype Alto workstation computer is turned on at Xerox Palo Alto
Research Center Its first screen display is a bitmapped image of the Sesame
Street character Cookie Monster
The first operational Alto computer is completed at Xerox PARC
Traf-O-Data shuts down It made about US$20000
Design work is completed on the Micral the first non-kit computer based on a
microprocessor (the Intel 8008) Built in France the Micral is advertised in the
US but is not successful there
The term microcomputer first appears in print in reference to the Micral
1048708 In 1975 it is used on Soyuz-Apollo mission
for calculating critical course-correction
maneuvers
8
1974
Intel releases its 2-MHz 8080 chip an 8-bit microprocessor It can access 64KB
of memory It uses 6000 transistors based on 6- micron technology Speed is 064
MIPS
In a desperate act to save his failing calculator company MITS company owner
Ed Roberts begins building a small computer based on Intels new 8080 chip
with plans to sell it for the unheard of price of US$500
MITS completes the first prototype Altair 8800 microcomputer
Bravo is developed for the Xerox Alto computer It is the first WYSIWYG
program for a personal computer
Altair
Altair was one of the first successfully sold personal computer kits for do-it-
yourself computing fans No monitor no keyboard
Keyboard and cassette drive can be added
Oscilloscope can be attached to be used as a display
1974
Railway Express loses Ed Roberts only prototype Altair computer route to New
York for review and photography for publishing by Popular Electronics
Les Solomon publisher of Popular Electronics receives Altair number 0001
Lauren Solomon 12 year old daughter of Les Solomon publisher of Popular
Electronics suggests the name Altair for Ed Roberts new microcomputer
Altair was the name of where Star Treks Enterprise was going that night on TV
9
Popular Electronics publishes an article by MITS announcing the Altair 8800
computer for US$439 in kit form It uses the Intel 8080 processor The Altair
pictured on the cover of the magazine is actually a mock-up as an actual
computer was not available
Paul Allen sees the Popular Electronics issue with the Altair and tells Bill Gates
that the microcomputer revolution is just beginning hellip1974
Gary Kildall of Microcomputer Applications Associates develops the CPM
operating system for Intel 8080-based systems
Motorola introduces its 6800 chip an early 8-bit microprocessor used in
microcomputers and industrial and automotive control devices The 6800 was
designed by Chuck Peddle and Charlie Melear
Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie develop the C programming language
RCA releases the 1802 processor running at a blazing 64 MHz It is considered
one of the first RISC chips It is used on a variety of devices from video games to
NASA space probes
Engineer David Ahl suggests Digital Equipment produce an inexpensive version
of its PDP-8 minicomputer for US$5000 Top management call the idea foolish
Gary Kildall and John Torode begin selling the CPM disk operating system for
microcomputershellip1974 Alto
Xerox releases the Alto computer
A personal computer to be used for research
Cost $32000
Never produced for profit
First serious machine to feature a modern user interface windows mouse etc
invented by Engelbart in 1964
1975
Paul Allen meets with Ed Roberts to demonstrate the newly written BASIC
interpreter for the Altair Despite never having touched an Altair before the
BASIC works flawlessly
Bill Gates and Paul Allen license their newly written BASIC to MITS their first
customer This is the first computer language program written for a personal
computer
10
The Xerox PARC-developed Gypsy word-processing system is first field tested
by end-users Gypsy is one of the first word processors termed WYSIWYG
meaning what you see is what you get Gypsy runs on the PARC-developed Alto
personal computer 1975
Fred Moore and Gordon French hold the first meeting of a new microcomputer
hobbyists club in Frenchs garage in Menlo Park California 32 people meet
including Bob Albrect Steve Dompier Lee Felsenstein Bob Marsh Tom
Pittman Marty Spergel Alan Baum and Steven Wozniak Bob Albrect shows off
an Altair and Steve Dompier reports on MITS and how they had 4000 orders for
the Altair
Stephen Dorsey founder of Automatic Electronic Systems sells his 25 of the
company for $135000
The second meeting of Fred MooreGordon Frenchs computer hobbyists group is
held at the Stanford AI lab 40 attend The name for the group is chosen Bay
Area Amateur Computer Users Group - Homebrew Computer Club 1975
Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Micro-Soft (the hyphen is later dropped)
MITS delivers the first generally-available Altair 8800 sold for US$375 with
1KB memory
MOS Technology announces the MC6501 at US$20 and the MC6502 at US$25
At this point the Intel 8080 costs about US$150
Bob Marsh delivers the first Processor Technology 4KB memory boards for the
Altair
At Xerox John Ellenby proposes they build the Alto II a modified Alto making
it easier to produce more reliable and more easily maintained His request is
approved
Bill Gates and Paul Allen sign a licensing agreement with MITS for their
implementation of the BASIC language
Bill Gates and Paul Allen ship 4K and 8K version of BASIC v20
Dick Heiser opens Arrow Head Computer Company subtitled The Computer
Store in Los Angeles selling assembled Altairs boards peripherals and
magazines This is the first retail computer store in the USA 1975
Micom Data Systems ships its first product the Micom 2000 word processing
computer
11
IBMs Entry Level Systems unit unveils Project Mercury the IBM 5100
Portable Computer It is a briefcase-size minicomputer with BASIC 16KB RAM
tape storage and built-in 5-inch screen Price US$9000 Weight 55 pounds
(Price over US$10000 )
The first issue of Byte magazine is published
MITS releases a version of Microsoft BASIC 20 for its Altair 8800 in 4K and
8K editions
Southwest Technical Products releases the M6800 computer kit
Sphere Corporation introduces its Sphere I computer kit featuring a Motorola
6800 CPU 4KB RAM ROM monitor keyboard and video interface for
US$650
Scope of the study
The scope of the organization study is concerned with in the Cerebra Integrated Technologies
Limited it is one of the casting production organization The study is limited to understanding
the finance production and other department in the organization
Objectives of Study
To study organization as a whole
To study and understand the activities of various departments in the organization
To do the SWOT analysis of the organization
Limitations of the study
The present study mainly focused on the primary data as well as secondary data In
organization they did not disclose to give more information regarding each department
Methodology
In order to achieve the above stated objectives the study has covered both primary and
secondary data
12
Primary Data
Primary data is collected through the personal interview and discussion with the employees
and also higher authorities in the organization and observation Method
Secondary Data
Secondary data is collected through the company manuals company profiles department
manuals and websites text books
Profile
The management team at cerebra has combined experience of over 100 years in wireless and
enterprise solutions We pride over selves as a complete business driven software service
providing and working to words providing solution without burdening our partners with
technology decisions with the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity team
key solutions
Cerebra provide to the solutions on various platforms like windows mobile system android
blackberry and I phone I pad and have demonstrable prototypes ready
Some of our solutions
1 LBS for content distribution
2 Logistics last mile delivery
3 Bluetooth based content and coupon management
4 SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobile web based pos
5 On field sales and support
6 RFIDBARCODE integration for asset and inventory tracking
13
Significance of products and components ready to deployed
1 Mobile marketing platform
2 Bluetooth based content delivery platform
3 Supply chain solution for the retail
4 Mobile application to handle distribution and route accounting
5 Mobile application to handle courierrsquos distribution
6 Integrators 3rd party ERPSCMCRMs
7 Mobile application to handle in line sales and support
14
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Jim Gillogly at the Rand Corporation spent several weeks in 1976 porting the
code (with Woods and Crowthers blessings) from the original FORTRAN source
into C for UNIX Most UNIX systems run successors of this C version Gillogly
later ported the code to Heath kit and then IBM-PC personal computers with the
help of Walt Bilofsky founder of The Software Tool works (which was
eventually renamed Mindscape) This version was marketed in 1981 under the
name The Original Adventure hellip1972
Canadas Automatic Electronic Systems introduces the worlds first
programmable word processor with a video screen the AES 90 The computer
system uses magnetic disks for storage and a custom built microprocessor
Gary Kildall implements PLI on the Intel 4004 processor
The Peoples Computer Company is founded
Bill Gates and Paul Allen form the Traf-O-Data company
Traf-O-Data develops a primitive microcomputer based on Intels 8008
microprocessor for recording automobile traffic flow on a highway
5 14 inch diskettes first appear
Xerox decides to build a personal computer to be used for research Project
Alto begins
1973
Intel files a patent application for a memory system for a multichip digital
computer
The first prototype Alto workstation computer is turned on at Xerox Palo Alto
Research Center Its first screen display is a bitmapped image of the Sesame
Street character Cookie Monster
The first operational Alto computer is completed at Xerox PARC
Traf-O-Data shuts down It made about US$20000
Design work is completed on the Micral the first non-kit computer based on a
microprocessor (the Intel 8008) Built in France the Micral is advertised in the
US but is not successful there
The term microcomputer first appears in print in reference to the Micral
1048708 In 1975 it is used on Soyuz-Apollo mission
for calculating critical course-correction
maneuvers
8
1974
Intel releases its 2-MHz 8080 chip an 8-bit microprocessor It can access 64KB
of memory It uses 6000 transistors based on 6- micron technology Speed is 064
MIPS
In a desperate act to save his failing calculator company MITS company owner
Ed Roberts begins building a small computer based on Intels new 8080 chip
with plans to sell it for the unheard of price of US$500
MITS completes the first prototype Altair 8800 microcomputer
Bravo is developed for the Xerox Alto computer It is the first WYSIWYG
program for a personal computer
Altair
Altair was one of the first successfully sold personal computer kits for do-it-
yourself computing fans No monitor no keyboard
Keyboard and cassette drive can be added
Oscilloscope can be attached to be used as a display
1974
Railway Express loses Ed Roberts only prototype Altair computer route to New
York for review and photography for publishing by Popular Electronics
Les Solomon publisher of Popular Electronics receives Altair number 0001
Lauren Solomon 12 year old daughter of Les Solomon publisher of Popular
Electronics suggests the name Altair for Ed Roberts new microcomputer
Altair was the name of where Star Treks Enterprise was going that night on TV
9
Popular Electronics publishes an article by MITS announcing the Altair 8800
computer for US$439 in kit form It uses the Intel 8080 processor The Altair
pictured on the cover of the magazine is actually a mock-up as an actual
computer was not available
Paul Allen sees the Popular Electronics issue with the Altair and tells Bill Gates
that the microcomputer revolution is just beginning hellip1974
Gary Kildall of Microcomputer Applications Associates develops the CPM
operating system for Intel 8080-based systems
Motorola introduces its 6800 chip an early 8-bit microprocessor used in
microcomputers and industrial and automotive control devices The 6800 was
designed by Chuck Peddle and Charlie Melear
Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie develop the C programming language
RCA releases the 1802 processor running at a blazing 64 MHz It is considered
one of the first RISC chips It is used on a variety of devices from video games to
NASA space probes
Engineer David Ahl suggests Digital Equipment produce an inexpensive version
of its PDP-8 minicomputer for US$5000 Top management call the idea foolish
Gary Kildall and John Torode begin selling the CPM disk operating system for
microcomputershellip1974 Alto
Xerox releases the Alto computer
A personal computer to be used for research
Cost $32000
Never produced for profit
First serious machine to feature a modern user interface windows mouse etc
invented by Engelbart in 1964
1975
Paul Allen meets with Ed Roberts to demonstrate the newly written BASIC
interpreter for the Altair Despite never having touched an Altair before the
BASIC works flawlessly
Bill Gates and Paul Allen license their newly written BASIC to MITS their first
customer This is the first computer language program written for a personal
computer
10
The Xerox PARC-developed Gypsy word-processing system is first field tested
by end-users Gypsy is one of the first word processors termed WYSIWYG
meaning what you see is what you get Gypsy runs on the PARC-developed Alto
personal computer 1975
Fred Moore and Gordon French hold the first meeting of a new microcomputer
hobbyists club in Frenchs garage in Menlo Park California 32 people meet
including Bob Albrect Steve Dompier Lee Felsenstein Bob Marsh Tom
Pittman Marty Spergel Alan Baum and Steven Wozniak Bob Albrect shows off
an Altair and Steve Dompier reports on MITS and how they had 4000 orders for
the Altair
Stephen Dorsey founder of Automatic Electronic Systems sells his 25 of the
company for $135000
The second meeting of Fred MooreGordon Frenchs computer hobbyists group is
held at the Stanford AI lab 40 attend The name for the group is chosen Bay
Area Amateur Computer Users Group - Homebrew Computer Club 1975
Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Micro-Soft (the hyphen is later dropped)
MITS delivers the first generally-available Altair 8800 sold for US$375 with
1KB memory
MOS Technology announces the MC6501 at US$20 and the MC6502 at US$25
At this point the Intel 8080 costs about US$150
Bob Marsh delivers the first Processor Technology 4KB memory boards for the
Altair
At Xerox John Ellenby proposes they build the Alto II a modified Alto making
it easier to produce more reliable and more easily maintained His request is
approved
Bill Gates and Paul Allen sign a licensing agreement with MITS for their
implementation of the BASIC language
Bill Gates and Paul Allen ship 4K and 8K version of BASIC v20
Dick Heiser opens Arrow Head Computer Company subtitled The Computer
Store in Los Angeles selling assembled Altairs boards peripherals and
magazines This is the first retail computer store in the USA 1975
Micom Data Systems ships its first product the Micom 2000 word processing
computer
11
IBMs Entry Level Systems unit unveils Project Mercury the IBM 5100
Portable Computer It is a briefcase-size minicomputer with BASIC 16KB RAM
tape storage and built-in 5-inch screen Price US$9000 Weight 55 pounds
(Price over US$10000 )
The first issue of Byte magazine is published
MITS releases a version of Microsoft BASIC 20 for its Altair 8800 in 4K and
8K editions
Southwest Technical Products releases the M6800 computer kit
Sphere Corporation introduces its Sphere I computer kit featuring a Motorola
6800 CPU 4KB RAM ROM monitor keyboard and video interface for
US$650
Scope of the study
The scope of the organization study is concerned with in the Cerebra Integrated Technologies
Limited it is one of the casting production organization The study is limited to understanding
the finance production and other department in the organization
Objectives of Study
To study organization as a whole
To study and understand the activities of various departments in the organization
To do the SWOT analysis of the organization
Limitations of the study
The present study mainly focused on the primary data as well as secondary data In
organization they did not disclose to give more information regarding each department
Methodology
In order to achieve the above stated objectives the study has covered both primary and
secondary data
12
Primary Data
Primary data is collected through the personal interview and discussion with the employees
and also higher authorities in the organization and observation Method
Secondary Data
Secondary data is collected through the company manuals company profiles department
manuals and websites text books
Profile
The management team at cerebra has combined experience of over 100 years in wireless and
enterprise solutions We pride over selves as a complete business driven software service
providing and working to words providing solution without burdening our partners with
technology decisions with the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity team
key solutions
Cerebra provide to the solutions on various platforms like windows mobile system android
blackberry and I phone I pad and have demonstrable prototypes ready
Some of our solutions
1 LBS for content distribution
2 Logistics last mile delivery
3 Bluetooth based content and coupon management
4 SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobile web based pos
5 On field sales and support
6 RFIDBARCODE integration for asset and inventory tracking
13
Significance of products and components ready to deployed
1 Mobile marketing platform
2 Bluetooth based content delivery platform
3 Supply chain solution for the retail
4 Mobile application to handle distribution and route accounting
5 Mobile application to handle courierrsquos distribution
6 Integrators 3rd party ERPSCMCRMs
7 Mobile application to handle in line sales and support
14
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
1974
Intel releases its 2-MHz 8080 chip an 8-bit microprocessor It can access 64KB
of memory It uses 6000 transistors based on 6- micron technology Speed is 064
MIPS
In a desperate act to save his failing calculator company MITS company owner
Ed Roberts begins building a small computer based on Intels new 8080 chip
with plans to sell it for the unheard of price of US$500
MITS completes the first prototype Altair 8800 microcomputer
Bravo is developed for the Xerox Alto computer It is the first WYSIWYG
program for a personal computer
Altair
Altair was one of the first successfully sold personal computer kits for do-it-
yourself computing fans No monitor no keyboard
Keyboard and cassette drive can be added
Oscilloscope can be attached to be used as a display
1974
Railway Express loses Ed Roberts only prototype Altair computer route to New
York for review and photography for publishing by Popular Electronics
Les Solomon publisher of Popular Electronics receives Altair number 0001
Lauren Solomon 12 year old daughter of Les Solomon publisher of Popular
Electronics suggests the name Altair for Ed Roberts new microcomputer
Altair was the name of where Star Treks Enterprise was going that night on TV
9
Popular Electronics publishes an article by MITS announcing the Altair 8800
computer for US$439 in kit form It uses the Intel 8080 processor The Altair
pictured on the cover of the magazine is actually a mock-up as an actual
computer was not available
Paul Allen sees the Popular Electronics issue with the Altair and tells Bill Gates
that the microcomputer revolution is just beginning hellip1974
Gary Kildall of Microcomputer Applications Associates develops the CPM
operating system for Intel 8080-based systems
Motorola introduces its 6800 chip an early 8-bit microprocessor used in
microcomputers and industrial and automotive control devices The 6800 was
designed by Chuck Peddle and Charlie Melear
Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie develop the C programming language
RCA releases the 1802 processor running at a blazing 64 MHz It is considered
one of the first RISC chips It is used on a variety of devices from video games to
NASA space probes
Engineer David Ahl suggests Digital Equipment produce an inexpensive version
of its PDP-8 minicomputer for US$5000 Top management call the idea foolish
Gary Kildall and John Torode begin selling the CPM disk operating system for
microcomputershellip1974 Alto
Xerox releases the Alto computer
A personal computer to be used for research
Cost $32000
Never produced for profit
First serious machine to feature a modern user interface windows mouse etc
invented by Engelbart in 1964
1975
Paul Allen meets with Ed Roberts to demonstrate the newly written BASIC
interpreter for the Altair Despite never having touched an Altair before the
BASIC works flawlessly
Bill Gates and Paul Allen license their newly written BASIC to MITS their first
customer This is the first computer language program written for a personal
computer
10
The Xerox PARC-developed Gypsy word-processing system is first field tested
by end-users Gypsy is one of the first word processors termed WYSIWYG
meaning what you see is what you get Gypsy runs on the PARC-developed Alto
personal computer 1975
Fred Moore and Gordon French hold the first meeting of a new microcomputer
hobbyists club in Frenchs garage in Menlo Park California 32 people meet
including Bob Albrect Steve Dompier Lee Felsenstein Bob Marsh Tom
Pittman Marty Spergel Alan Baum and Steven Wozniak Bob Albrect shows off
an Altair and Steve Dompier reports on MITS and how they had 4000 orders for
the Altair
Stephen Dorsey founder of Automatic Electronic Systems sells his 25 of the
company for $135000
The second meeting of Fred MooreGordon Frenchs computer hobbyists group is
held at the Stanford AI lab 40 attend The name for the group is chosen Bay
Area Amateur Computer Users Group - Homebrew Computer Club 1975
Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Micro-Soft (the hyphen is later dropped)
MITS delivers the first generally-available Altair 8800 sold for US$375 with
1KB memory
MOS Technology announces the MC6501 at US$20 and the MC6502 at US$25
At this point the Intel 8080 costs about US$150
Bob Marsh delivers the first Processor Technology 4KB memory boards for the
Altair
At Xerox John Ellenby proposes they build the Alto II a modified Alto making
it easier to produce more reliable and more easily maintained His request is
approved
Bill Gates and Paul Allen sign a licensing agreement with MITS for their
implementation of the BASIC language
Bill Gates and Paul Allen ship 4K and 8K version of BASIC v20
Dick Heiser opens Arrow Head Computer Company subtitled The Computer
Store in Los Angeles selling assembled Altairs boards peripherals and
magazines This is the first retail computer store in the USA 1975
Micom Data Systems ships its first product the Micom 2000 word processing
computer
11
IBMs Entry Level Systems unit unveils Project Mercury the IBM 5100
Portable Computer It is a briefcase-size minicomputer with BASIC 16KB RAM
tape storage and built-in 5-inch screen Price US$9000 Weight 55 pounds
(Price over US$10000 )
The first issue of Byte magazine is published
MITS releases a version of Microsoft BASIC 20 for its Altair 8800 in 4K and
8K editions
Southwest Technical Products releases the M6800 computer kit
Sphere Corporation introduces its Sphere I computer kit featuring a Motorola
6800 CPU 4KB RAM ROM monitor keyboard and video interface for
US$650
Scope of the study
The scope of the organization study is concerned with in the Cerebra Integrated Technologies
Limited it is one of the casting production organization The study is limited to understanding
the finance production and other department in the organization
Objectives of Study
To study organization as a whole
To study and understand the activities of various departments in the organization
To do the SWOT analysis of the organization
Limitations of the study
The present study mainly focused on the primary data as well as secondary data In
organization they did not disclose to give more information regarding each department
Methodology
In order to achieve the above stated objectives the study has covered both primary and
secondary data
12
Primary Data
Primary data is collected through the personal interview and discussion with the employees
and also higher authorities in the organization and observation Method
Secondary Data
Secondary data is collected through the company manuals company profiles department
manuals and websites text books
Profile
The management team at cerebra has combined experience of over 100 years in wireless and
enterprise solutions We pride over selves as a complete business driven software service
providing and working to words providing solution without burdening our partners with
technology decisions with the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity team
key solutions
Cerebra provide to the solutions on various platforms like windows mobile system android
blackberry and I phone I pad and have demonstrable prototypes ready
Some of our solutions
1 LBS for content distribution
2 Logistics last mile delivery
3 Bluetooth based content and coupon management
4 SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobile web based pos
5 On field sales and support
6 RFIDBARCODE integration for asset and inventory tracking
13
Significance of products and components ready to deployed
1 Mobile marketing platform
2 Bluetooth based content delivery platform
3 Supply chain solution for the retail
4 Mobile application to handle distribution and route accounting
5 Mobile application to handle courierrsquos distribution
6 Integrators 3rd party ERPSCMCRMs
7 Mobile application to handle in line sales and support
14
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Popular Electronics publishes an article by MITS announcing the Altair 8800
computer for US$439 in kit form It uses the Intel 8080 processor The Altair
pictured on the cover of the magazine is actually a mock-up as an actual
computer was not available
Paul Allen sees the Popular Electronics issue with the Altair and tells Bill Gates
that the microcomputer revolution is just beginning hellip1974
Gary Kildall of Microcomputer Applications Associates develops the CPM
operating system for Intel 8080-based systems
Motorola introduces its 6800 chip an early 8-bit microprocessor used in
microcomputers and industrial and automotive control devices The 6800 was
designed by Chuck Peddle and Charlie Melear
Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie develop the C programming language
RCA releases the 1802 processor running at a blazing 64 MHz It is considered
one of the first RISC chips It is used on a variety of devices from video games to
NASA space probes
Engineer David Ahl suggests Digital Equipment produce an inexpensive version
of its PDP-8 minicomputer for US$5000 Top management call the idea foolish
Gary Kildall and John Torode begin selling the CPM disk operating system for
microcomputershellip1974 Alto
Xerox releases the Alto computer
A personal computer to be used for research
Cost $32000
Never produced for profit
First serious machine to feature a modern user interface windows mouse etc
invented by Engelbart in 1964
1975
Paul Allen meets with Ed Roberts to demonstrate the newly written BASIC
interpreter for the Altair Despite never having touched an Altair before the
BASIC works flawlessly
Bill Gates and Paul Allen license their newly written BASIC to MITS their first
customer This is the first computer language program written for a personal
computer
10
The Xerox PARC-developed Gypsy word-processing system is first field tested
by end-users Gypsy is one of the first word processors termed WYSIWYG
meaning what you see is what you get Gypsy runs on the PARC-developed Alto
personal computer 1975
Fred Moore and Gordon French hold the first meeting of a new microcomputer
hobbyists club in Frenchs garage in Menlo Park California 32 people meet
including Bob Albrect Steve Dompier Lee Felsenstein Bob Marsh Tom
Pittman Marty Spergel Alan Baum and Steven Wozniak Bob Albrect shows off
an Altair and Steve Dompier reports on MITS and how they had 4000 orders for
the Altair
Stephen Dorsey founder of Automatic Electronic Systems sells his 25 of the
company for $135000
The second meeting of Fred MooreGordon Frenchs computer hobbyists group is
held at the Stanford AI lab 40 attend The name for the group is chosen Bay
Area Amateur Computer Users Group - Homebrew Computer Club 1975
Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Micro-Soft (the hyphen is later dropped)
MITS delivers the first generally-available Altair 8800 sold for US$375 with
1KB memory
MOS Technology announces the MC6501 at US$20 and the MC6502 at US$25
At this point the Intel 8080 costs about US$150
Bob Marsh delivers the first Processor Technology 4KB memory boards for the
Altair
At Xerox John Ellenby proposes they build the Alto II a modified Alto making
it easier to produce more reliable and more easily maintained His request is
approved
Bill Gates and Paul Allen sign a licensing agreement with MITS for their
implementation of the BASIC language
Bill Gates and Paul Allen ship 4K and 8K version of BASIC v20
Dick Heiser opens Arrow Head Computer Company subtitled The Computer
Store in Los Angeles selling assembled Altairs boards peripherals and
magazines This is the first retail computer store in the USA 1975
Micom Data Systems ships its first product the Micom 2000 word processing
computer
11
IBMs Entry Level Systems unit unveils Project Mercury the IBM 5100
Portable Computer It is a briefcase-size minicomputer with BASIC 16KB RAM
tape storage and built-in 5-inch screen Price US$9000 Weight 55 pounds
(Price over US$10000 )
The first issue of Byte magazine is published
MITS releases a version of Microsoft BASIC 20 for its Altair 8800 in 4K and
8K editions
Southwest Technical Products releases the M6800 computer kit
Sphere Corporation introduces its Sphere I computer kit featuring a Motorola
6800 CPU 4KB RAM ROM monitor keyboard and video interface for
US$650
Scope of the study
The scope of the organization study is concerned with in the Cerebra Integrated Technologies
Limited it is one of the casting production organization The study is limited to understanding
the finance production and other department in the organization
Objectives of Study
To study organization as a whole
To study and understand the activities of various departments in the organization
To do the SWOT analysis of the organization
Limitations of the study
The present study mainly focused on the primary data as well as secondary data In
organization they did not disclose to give more information regarding each department
Methodology
In order to achieve the above stated objectives the study has covered both primary and
secondary data
12
Primary Data
Primary data is collected through the personal interview and discussion with the employees
and also higher authorities in the organization and observation Method
Secondary Data
Secondary data is collected through the company manuals company profiles department
manuals and websites text books
Profile
The management team at cerebra has combined experience of over 100 years in wireless and
enterprise solutions We pride over selves as a complete business driven software service
providing and working to words providing solution without burdening our partners with
technology decisions with the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity team
key solutions
Cerebra provide to the solutions on various platforms like windows mobile system android
blackberry and I phone I pad and have demonstrable prototypes ready
Some of our solutions
1 LBS for content distribution
2 Logistics last mile delivery
3 Bluetooth based content and coupon management
4 SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobile web based pos
5 On field sales and support
6 RFIDBARCODE integration for asset and inventory tracking
13
Significance of products and components ready to deployed
1 Mobile marketing platform
2 Bluetooth based content delivery platform
3 Supply chain solution for the retail
4 Mobile application to handle distribution and route accounting
5 Mobile application to handle courierrsquos distribution
6 Integrators 3rd party ERPSCMCRMs
7 Mobile application to handle in line sales and support
14
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
The Xerox PARC-developed Gypsy word-processing system is first field tested
by end-users Gypsy is one of the first word processors termed WYSIWYG
meaning what you see is what you get Gypsy runs on the PARC-developed Alto
personal computer 1975
Fred Moore and Gordon French hold the first meeting of a new microcomputer
hobbyists club in Frenchs garage in Menlo Park California 32 people meet
including Bob Albrect Steve Dompier Lee Felsenstein Bob Marsh Tom
Pittman Marty Spergel Alan Baum and Steven Wozniak Bob Albrect shows off
an Altair and Steve Dompier reports on MITS and how they had 4000 orders for
the Altair
Stephen Dorsey founder of Automatic Electronic Systems sells his 25 of the
company for $135000
The second meeting of Fred MooreGordon Frenchs computer hobbyists group is
held at the Stanford AI lab 40 attend The name for the group is chosen Bay
Area Amateur Computer Users Group - Homebrew Computer Club 1975
Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Micro-Soft (the hyphen is later dropped)
MITS delivers the first generally-available Altair 8800 sold for US$375 with
1KB memory
MOS Technology announces the MC6501 at US$20 and the MC6502 at US$25
At this point the Intel 8080 costs about US$150
Bob Marsh delivers the first Processor Technology 4KB memory boards for the
Altair
At Xerox John Ellenby proposes they build the Alto II a modified Alto making
it easier to produce more reliable and more easily maintained His request is
approved
Bill Gates and Paul Allen sign a licensing agreement with MITS for their
implementation of the BASIC language
Bill Gates and Paul Allen ship 4K and 8K version of BASIC v20
Dick Heiser opens Arrow Head Computer Company subtitled The Computer
Store in Los Angeles selling assembled Altairs boards peripherals and
magazines This is the first retail computer store in the USA 1975
Micom Data Systems ships its first product the Micom 2000 word processing
computer
11
IBMs Entry Level Systems unit unveils Project Mercury the IBM 5100
Portable Computer It is a briefcase-size minicomputer with BASIC 16KB RAM
tape storage and built-in 5-inch screen Price US$9000 Weight 55 pounds
(Price over US$10000 )
The first issue of Byte magazine is published
MITS releases a version of Microsoft BASIC 20 for its Altair 8800 in 4K and
8K editions
Southwest Technical Products releases the M6800 computer kit
Sphere Corporation introduces its Sphere I computer kit featuring a Motorola
6800 CPU 4KB RAM ROM monitor keyboard and video interface for
US$650
Scope of the study
The scope of the organization study is concerned with in the Cerebra Integrated Technologies
Limited it is one of the casting production organization The study is limited to understanding
the finance production and other department in the organization
Objectives of Study
To study organization as a whole
To study and understand the activities of various departments in the organization
To do the SWOT analysis of the organization
Limitations of the study
The present study mainly focused on the primary data as well as secondary data In
organization they did not disclose to give more information regarding each department
Methodology
In order to achieve the above stated objectives the study has covered both primary and
secondary data
12
Primary Data
Primary data is collected through the personal interview and discussion with the employees
and also higher authorities in the organization and observation Method
Secondary Data
Secondary data is collected through the company manuals company profiles department
manuals and websites text books
Profile
The management team at cerebra has combined experience of over 100 years in wireless and
enterprise solutions We pride over selves as a complete business driven software service
providing and working to words providing solution without burdening our partners with
technology decisions with the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity team
key solutions
Cerebra provide to the solutions on various platforms like windows mobile system android
blackberry and I phone I pad and have demonstrable prototypes ready
Some of our solutions
1 LBS for content distribution
2 Logistics last mile delivery
3 Bluetooth based content and coupon management
4 SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobile web based pos
5 On field sales and support
6 RFIDBARCODE integration for asset and inventory tracking
13
Significance of products and components ready to deployed
1 Mobile marketing platform
2 Bluetooth based content delivery platform
3 Supply chain solution for the retail
4 Mobile application to handle distribution and route accounting
5 Mobile application to handle courierrsquos distribution
6 Integrators 3rd party ERPSCMCRMs
7 Mobile application to handle in line sales and support
14
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
IBMs Entry Level Systems unit unveils Project Mercury the IBM 5100
Portable Computer It is a briefcase-size minicomputer with BASIC 16KB RAM
tape storage and built-in 5-inch screen Price US$9000 Weight 55 pounds
(Price over US$10000 )
The first issue of Byte magazine is published
MITS releases a version of Microsoft BASIC 20 for its Altair 8800 in 4K and
8K editions
Southwest Technical Products releases the M6800 computer kit
Sphere Corporation introduces its Sphere I computer kit featuring a Motorola
6800 CPU 4KB RAM ROM monitor keyboard and video interface for
US$650
Scope of the study
The scope of the organization study is concerned with in the Cerebra Integrated Technologies
Limited it is one of the casting production organization The study is limited to understanding
the finance production and other department in the organization
Objectives of Study
To study organization as a whole
To study and understand the activities of various departments in the organization
To do the SWOT analysis of the organization
Limitations of the study
The present study mainly focused on the primary data as well as secondary data In
organization they did not disclose to give more information regarding each department
Methodology
In order to achieve the above stated objectives the study has covered both primary and
secondary data
12
Primary Data
Primary data is collected through the personal interview and discussion with the employees
and also higher authorities in the organization and observation Method
Secondary Data
Secondary data is collected through the company manuals company profiles department
manuals and websites text books
Profile
The management team at cerebra has combined experience of over 100 years in wireless and
enterprise solutions We pride over selves as a complete business driven software service
providing and working to words providing solution without burdening our partners with
technology decisions with the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity team
key solutions
Cerebra provide to the solutions on various platforms like windows mobile system android
blackberry and I phone I pad and have demonstrable prototypes ready
Some of our solutions
1 LBS for content distribution
2 Logistics last mile delivery
3 Bluetooth based content and coupon management
4 SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobile web based pos
5 On field sales and support
6 RFIDBARCODE integration for asset and inventory tracking
13
Significance of products and components ready to deployed
1 Mobile marketing platform
2 Bluetooth based content delivery platform
3 Supply chain solution for the retail
4 Mobile application to handle distribution and route accounting
5 Mobile application to handle courierrsquos distribution
6 Integrators 3rd party ERPSCMCRMs
7 Mobile application to handle in line sales and support
14
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Primary Data
Primary data is collected through the personal interview and discussion with the employees
and also higher authorities in the organization and observation Method
Secondary Data
Secondary data is collected through the company manuals company profiles department
manuals and websites text books
Profile
The management team at cerebra has combined experience of over 100 years in wireless and
enterprise solutions We pride over selves as a complete business driven software service
providing and working to words providing solution without burdening our partners with
technology decisions with the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity team
key solutions
Cerebra provide to the solutions on various platforms like windows mobile system android
blackberry and I phone I pad and have demonstrable prototypes ready
Some of our solutions
1 LBS for content distribution
2 Logistics last mile delivery
3 Bluetooth based content and coupon management
4 SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobile web based pos
5 On field sales and support
6 RFIDBARCODE integration for asset and inventory tracking
13
Significance of products and components ready to deployed
1 Mobile marketing platform
2 Bluetooth based content delivery platform
3 Supply chain solution for the retail
4 Mobile application to handle distribution and route accounting
5 Mobile application to handle courierrsquos distribution
6 Integrators 3rd party ERPSCMCRMs
7 Mobile application to handle in line sales and support
14
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Significance of products and components ready to deployed
1 Mobile marketing platform
2 Bluetooth based content delivery platform
3 Supply chain solution for the retail
4 Mobile application to handle distribution and route accounting
5 Mobile application to handle courierrsquos distribution
6 Integrators 3rd party ERPSCMCRMs
7 Mobile application to handle in line sales and support
14
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Company profile
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Commenced its business in 1992 starting with the hardware sector amp later expanded to
provide software services IT training ampconsulting and today offers total IT training amp
consulting and today offers total IT solutions comprising LPO BPOampKPO Services
Cerebra is public limited company and services its customers are served through jars in the
USA ampUK cerebra is an ISO 9001 2008 company and all its products adhere to strict quality
contract standards
Cerebrate has over 50000 installation of PCs and service ace across the country cerebra has
survived the through times and is moving on achieve its mission being one among the top it
solutions provider in the globe
Started Integrated Technologies a partnership firm was established 25th July 1992 by
technocrats MrV Ranganathan Mr Guru Raj upadhay were into manufacturing computer
system and trading in peripherals components etc Cerebra were converted to a public
limited company limit in December 1993
15
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Cerebra began its endeavor for backward integration started manufacturing motherboards
Add-on cards etc Company turned net worth positive bagged large order for contact
manufacturing from Indian and USA customers for energy meters RFJD products ticketing
machines etc
VISION STATEMENT
To be a nimble amp effective IT Integration company
MISSION STATEMENT
To create value for customers through innovative IT solutions with a commitment to
excellence
To enable customers amp partners to leverage information technology to the fullest extent
To enable partners amp employees to deliver relevant amp proven technologies to customers
16
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of cerebra is to deliver a combination of proven software amp hardware
solution in the enterprise mobility domin Cerebra provide a platform to the enterprise to make
real time decisions which are presently a hurdle due to lack of the availability of suitable Eco-
system supported by the companyrsquos vast exposure in the information technology Cerebra with its
existing business of IT Infrastructure provide its customers a significant ROI advantage in
providing a complete solution both in hardware amp software segments Cerebra focus on the retail
amp health care sectors amp provide solutions through its existing products amp components
With the vast experience of the team we have the process maturity to deliver turnkey solutions
The management team at cerebra has a combined experience of over 100 years in wireless amp
enterprise solutions
Continuous product review amp improvement in quality
Individually amp collectively all employees of cerebra integrated technologies limited
strive for eliminating waste in manufacturing amp non-manufacturing areas in to reduction
in the cost amp establish better employment
Ensure quality of personnel at all levels amp provide then the right work environment job
satisfaction amp professional challenges
Provide a healthy blend of employees who have grown with the organization amp those
selected from outside
Ensure employment of minimum number of personnel amp avoid surpluses
Motivate employees to be increasingly achievement oriented Identify personnel with
potential for growth
Provide adequate opportunities for personnel to improve the level of their professional
knowledge
Personnel with talent amp potential for growth to be developed to shoulder higher
responsibilities
To imbibe the spirit of quality in every employee in the organization amp promote team
work
PRODUCT PROFILE
17
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
The salient features of the company are
The company is known for quality PCBrsquos The company has designed developed and
manufactured special type of PCBrsquos are
Single sided PCBrsquos
Double sided PCBrsquos
Glass epoxy PCBrsquos
The company has having types of PCBrsquos
Manufacturing Design
The company is at present using the latest computerized design and drawing to achieve the high
standards applicable and the company is technically superior to other competitors in the market
The design department is headed by a qualified experienced manager with over twenty years of
experience in the design field being specially trained and assisted by qualified engineers
Surface mounts technology [SMT]
Surface mount device[SMD]
Quality
The secret behind the popularity of cerebra integrated technologies PCBrsquos is the strict adherence
to quality norms at every stage of manufacture
Quality policy
Manufacture quality PCBrsquos to the satisfaction of our customers
Cerebra integrated technologies ltd shall continuously work towards providing total solutions in
the field of information technology comparable to the best in the world Cerebra with the active
involvement of all its employees shall strive to deliver products amp services of the highest quality
to customers ensuring their complete satisfaction The Quality policy shall be understood amp
maintained at all levels of the organization amp shall be implemented through its adherence to
specific amp measurable quality objectives
TOTAL QUALITY PROCESS
18
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
The following basic principles of to achieve TQM and ISO for the organization
1 Customer Focus- Anticipation of future requirements
2 Leadership ndash Motivate his team
3 Process Approach- Value added activity
4 System Approach- Collection of Process
5 Involvement of people- How to motivate the people to achieve the desired goal
6 Continual improvement-
7 Factual Approach to decision making ndash go by facts donrsquot go by opinion
8 Mutually Beneficial Customers relationship
Standards in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Design conforms to Indian standards specification
The PCBrsquos are provided with standard accessories can be provided on
request
Product Range
SMD resistor packages
Resistor- o4o2
o6o3
o8o5
1206=gt [regular]
1210
PCB ASSEMBLY FLOW CHART
19KIT IQA
1 COUNTING
2 VERIFYING FOR THE MAKE
3 VERFICATION WITH BOM
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
20
KITTING
KITTING 1 MAKING A KIT OF MATERIAL AS PER REQUEST
SMD LODING
EQUIPMENT
A1BAKE BARE PCB FOR 4 HOUR 1000C
2 BAKE BGA FOR 4 HOURS 1250C
B1SCREEN PRINTER SETTING
2 PASTE SOFTING
3 SAMPLE PRINTING
4 PASTE POSITION amp SHAPE CHECKING
5 PCB SERIALIZATION amp FIDUCIAL CLEANING
C1SMT PROGAMME FILE LOADING
2 LOAD THE FEEDERS WITH COMPONENTS AS PER THE PROGRAMME
3 MAKE THE MACHINE MECHANICAL ADJUSTMENT AS PER THE BOARD
D1LOAD THE REFLOW PROFILE AS PER THE BOARD amp TAKE THE PROFILE
DEK 248
PHILIPS TOPAZ
PHILIPS EMERALD
LCS FEEDER FOR BGA ampFINE PITCH
SMT TRAIL RUN
BOARD
WORKIN
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
INSP BEFORE
REFLOW
CORRECTION
REFLOW
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
21
SMT MOUNTING FOR MASS MFG
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
DOUBLE
SIDED
PTH LOADING
COMPONENT PREPARATION
EQUIPMENT
STUFFING
VISUAL INSPECTION
CORRECTION
WAVE SOLDERING
VITRONICS SOLTEC WAVE SOLDERING MACHINE
LEAD
POST SOLDERING
TOUCH UP
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
PCB PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
22
POST SOLDERING
COMPONENT
MOUNTING
FINAL INSPECTION
IPQC FOR 10
SAMPLING
REWORK FUNCTIONAL
TESTEER
CORRECTION
FUNCTIONAL TESTER
LABELING
BARCODING
PACKING
OUT WARD STORES amp DESPATCH
WELCH ALLYN SCANER DATA MAX ALLEGRO PRINTER
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
PLAIN BOARDS
ASSEMBLY BOARD
Work Instruction
23
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Title Philips GEM and Philips emerald
Purpose
The work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this quality
Precautions
Ensure operator wear heal strap or write strap and grounded while performing the quality
Procedure
1 Ensure machine is free from dust partials
2 Ensure machine is set as per prescribed parametersrsquo by process team
3 Ensure daily PML preventive maintains is done at the begin of the shift
4 Clear the components reject in provided in the machine on daily basis
5 Any feeders issues are found identity the same and report to the concern person
6 Switch off the machines when not in use
Title Pre reflow instruction
24
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Purpose
The purpose of this WI is given to perform to pre reflow inspectional reflow inspection stage
during the PCBA assembly
Scope
This inspection is applicable at pre flow inspection stage carried out at cerebra integrated
technologies limited
Responsibility
All the associates Technicians engineers and quality r staff are responsible for carrying out of
this activity
Safety perception
a Ensure all concerned associates wearing wrist strap and grounded properly
b Store the pub assemblies in a antistatic bins trays or magazine
Procedure
Perform the inspection activity and check for
a Alignment of the components
b Missing components
c Orientation of the components
d Role of the components
e Mount manual placement components if any ensure nearby components are not disturbed
while manual maintaining
Process of qualification for reflow soldering
25
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
1 Set the screen printer as per the work instruction for DEK-248 screen printers screen
prints screen prints the solders pate on the PCB and carry out visual inspection for solder
paste print on the pads of to PCB The deposited solder paste shall over the minimum of
80 print the land pad area if the solder paste print is not ok adjust the parameter to get
the good solder print Then more the predetermined no of PCBs for screen printing record
the set parameter
2 Place the SMD components using topaz and emerald pick and place machine using
correct program to operate the machine be for work instruction
3 Set the work reflow as per the work instruction Once to oven reaches the set temp send
the SMD components placed PCBs in the reflow oven check the temp profile for PCB
and record the temp profile
4 After the reflow soldering carry out the visual inspection on all the cards record in the
process SMD inspection work sheet
5 If the no of post soldering defects is less than 5 of total no solder defects and individual
defects is within control limit and if there is no problems then the process is qualified
TITLE POST REFLOW INSPECTION
26
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
PURPOSE
The purpose of this WI is to give the details of performing post reflow inspection in post
reflow inspection stage
SCOPE
This work instruction is applicable in cerebra integrated technologies ltd
Responsibility
All associates technical engineers and quality staffs are responsible for carrying out this
activity
Precautions
Ensure operator wear wrist strop and grounded while performing the activity
Procedures
27
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
1 Ensure the operators are wearing gloves ampfinger coats amp ESD requirements
2 Ensure operators perform inspection activity as per relevant documents like BOM
[bill of material] Pedro or reference cards if available
3 Ensure inspection failed cards are kept separately with clear identification amp kept in
NCM [non-conformance material] area for rework
4 Ensure operator performs inspection through magnifier only
5 And inspection the PCB a for following defeats
Components value
Components alignment amp Orientation
Missing components tomb stone amp solder-balls
Extra components amp bridging
CLIENTS [CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LTD]
GOVERNMENT
Bharat sanchar nigam limited
Railways
ONGC
NIO
High courts
Post offices
CPWD
IGCAR
PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS
ITI LIMITED
HAL
28
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
NAL
BHEL
BEML
BEL
ECIL
CMC
OTHER MAJOR CUSTOMERS
KIOCL
VXL Instruments
Dickenson fowler ltd
KMF LTD
Stump vision
B-commerce Info system
Indian-Dept of Industries KSSIDC
CORPORATE
Pidilite Industries
Lucent
Alcate
Trent limited
Thermax
BPL
OTIS Group
Siemens
LampT
Himalaya Drugs
BANKS
Bank of India
29
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Reserve Bank of India
Canara Bank
Union Bank of India
Allahabad Bank
UCO Bank
Vysya Bank
Infrastructure Management
As Enterprises scale their IT infrastructure to support business growth managing global
networks database applications becomes a herculean task which can over whelm internal
resources
Cerebra provide comprehensives services to help organizations optimize critical it staff Our
Infrastructure Management services offer a complete portfolio of solutions amp for managing
enterprise It Infrastructures enable clients to
Reduce the total cost of IT operations
Focus limited IT resources on core business activities
Rationalize IT staffing costs
Optimize IT assets utilization
Facilitate service delivery
Improve uptime
HARDWARE
Contract Manufacturing EMS
30
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Cerebra an ISO90012008 company has its PCB Assembly line at peenya industrial area in
Bangalore The land fully ESD controlled modern facility amp is equipped with Philips pick amp
place machines vitronics reflow amp soldering machines along with the latest equipments for
inspection amp quality control
Cerebra help companies to choose correct method of contract manufacturing to save money
time amp improve the quality of customerrsquos engineers in design for manufacture stage amp ensure
that the customer is able to deliver world products to its customers
Cerebra provides EMS to customers who do not have the necessary infrastructure for
procurement amp logistic Cerebra can deliver fully tested ready to ship boxes to its customers
Computing solutions
Cerebra are one of the well known brands for personal computers servers laptops amp
workstations Cerebra range of products that cover entire IT requirements of its customers
Cerebra are able to offer end to end solution companies IT requirements
Desktop PCrsquos
Notebook
Servers
Networking
E-Waste Recycling Facility
Cerebra is setting up one of Indiarsquos largest e-waste facility amp wants to be one of the leading
players in this world which has huge potential not only in terms of generating huge revenues
amp profits for the company amp its share holders but also wants to contribute in big way the
green environment issues that have taken off cerebra recognize that it would be a big social
responsibility to truly set up a world class e-waste facility
In this endeavor cerebra are in the process of setting up one of the largest e-waste recycle
facility in India The e-waste road map that this partnership will adopt would be chalked out
sin 3 phases
31
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
a First phases- Repair Refurbishment amp Recycle of Electronic Boards setting up of
Indiarsquos largest recycle facility
b Second phases- Setting up of copper smelting plant amp other base metal extraction
plants
c Third phases- Setting up of plastic recycling amp plastic to fuel conversion plant
Cerebra have approached this partnership to provide technical amp Management
consultancy
1) Repair refurbish amp reuse of all electronic amp electrical equipment
2) Salvage components amp sell it back to the manufacturers concerned
3) Fully integrated e-waste management amp base metal recycling
4) PGM recovery amp its refining processes
5) Waste management at sources
6) Total support in scrap handling collection transport documentation shipping amp
[export] amp other areas
7) 100 recycling of all collected e-waste [zero land fill]
8) World class security system
9) Integrated EHS system [ISO amp OHSAS standard]
10) Web-based trading services amp accessibility
11) Logistics amp warehousing facility worldwide
12) Technical advice on plant layout
13) Training of technical personnel
14) Commissioning of day to day operations amp
15) Market support
SOLUTIONS
32
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Cerebra specialize in the outsourced product development application software development
and offshore software outsourcing services in the enterprise and mobility areas We work
specifically on mobile platforms to develop domain specific solutions Cerebra offers Product
enhancement into the wireless and enterprise domains
bull Setting up a dedicated off-shore development center
bull Offshore product development services
bull Cerebra has Domain expertise ndash retail logistics healthcare and education
bull SCM CRM Enterprise integration
We provide solutions for a dynamic environment where business and technology strategies
converge Our approach focuses on new ways of combining IT innovation in existing
business framework and also to leverage the clients existing IT infrastructure The activities
under this area of offerings are
bull Mobile Strategy formation
bull Infrastructure Design
bull Application Development
bull Data Synchronization
bull Enterprise Intranet on the move
Cerebra provides the solutions on various platforms like Windows mobile Symbian
Android Blackberry and iPhoneiPad and has demonstrable prototypes ready Some of our
solutions
bull LBS for content distribution
bull Logistics ndash last mile delivery
bull Bluetooth based content and coupon management
bull SCMCRM for retail houses including a mobileweb based POS
bull on field Sales and Support
bull RFIDBarcode integration for asset and inventory tracking
Achievements amp Awards
33
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
The company has achieved the ISO 9000 to maintain quality standards and trying to get ISO
14000 for pollution standard
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
34
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided grouped amp co-
ordinate The chapter ii deals with the organizational structure the organization structure is a
complete Picture about the organization The structure of an organization plays a significant
role in charting out its path to success An efficient structure facilitates co-ordination amp
smooth intertwining of employees amp communication systems The organization adopts
different structural pattern at different stages of its lifecycle The form of an organization that
is evident in the way divisions departments functions amp people link together amp interact
Organization structure reveals vertical operational responsibilities amp horizontal linkages amp
may be represented by an organization chart The complexityrsquos structure is often proportional
to its size amp its geographic dispersal The traditional organization structure for many
businesses in the 20thcentury was the bureaucracy originally defined by max Weber
BASIC ORGANIZATION STUCTURE
An organization is a social entity composed of two or more persons who work together
towards the attainment of common goals For the organization to work as a cohesive unit it is
essential that a formal structure of reporting amp control be established among the different
members of organizationhelliphellip
35
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
ORGANISATION CHART
CHAIRMAN
The above organization structure shows the following points
36
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DYGENRAL MANAGER
MANAGER-PERSONNAL amp ADMINISTRATION
MANAGER- PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE
MANAGER- DESIGNQC TRANSPORT
MANAGER PROJECT SECURITY amp VIGILANCE
MANAGER- PURCHASE STORES COMPUTER VACANT
MANAGER MARKETING
FINANCE MANAGER IC
DYMANAGER TPS
DYMANAGER QCTESTING
ASSTENGINEER- PURCHASE amp STORES
ASSTENGINEER- MAINTENANCETRANSPORT
ASSTENGINEER-TPS
ASSTENGINEER-TPSWINDING
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
ASSTENGINEER- QUALITY CONTROL
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
1) Hierarchy relationship between different department members
2) Participative management
3) Cooperative work culture
4) Standardized of polices
5) Decentralized decision making system provided that some exceptions-
Valuable amp economical decisions are taken by top level management only So it is
centralized decision making
In all major decisions will be taken from board of directors they have full control over the
administration they will control the executive and general managers these board of directors
are selected by SAIL But the general manager of will have full control over the deputy
managers of project HRD production and material departments
These deputy managers will have full control over their respective area and they have a right
to take minor decisions regarding over their respective area
37
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
Production Department
Production department performs the function of producing finished goods from the basic raw
materials The manufacturing is headed by a group head whose main objective is to plan
execute co-ordinate and control all production activities with available resources inputs
equipment and facilities
Objectives
1 To ensure direct and co-ordinate the activities
2 To ensure Quality Output
The Main functions of this Department are as follows
1 Procure the Raw materials
2 Store the Raw materials which are procured
3 Process the raw materials which are procured in the production and to turn them into
finished goods
4 In addition not to stop in any circumstances but only to perform round the clock and
round the year
38
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
DIRECTOR
PERSONNEL MANAGER
Human Resource Department
The personnel department is one of the most important functional departments in every
organization Only with the help this department the organization can make efficient use of
the available work force for providing the desired product to the customer with desired
quality and reasonable price at the right time
Department Structure
The Personnel Manager is responsible for carrying out all the personnel management work
like recruitment selection training performance appraisal promotion wages and salary
employee welfare etc To carry out these functions the Personnel Manager takes suggestions
from the Managing Director whenever necessary
The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
Train and upgrade skill sets of its employees
Extract and retain talent
Robust performance appraisal and reward system
Manage and full fill expectations
Evolve performance parameters with respect to key result areas
39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Resource is any means of supply which can be drawn on when necessary To develop means
to grow mature and make progress in the desired direction Developing a human being in to
a resource means making him or her into a person of resourcefulness initiative wittedness
cleverness talent and ability
Human Resource Development is considered to be a super specialty of HRM It is a process
by which the employees of an organization are helped in planned and continuous manner to
acquire new capabilities and sharpen existing capabilities that may be required to perform
their present functions or expected future voles
HRD is a process which is geared towards developing the general enabling capabilities of
employees as individuals so that they can discover and exploit their own inner potential for
their own and or organization development purposes HRD strives to develop an
organizational culture where superior subordinate relationships team different sub units are
strong and contribute to the organizational health dynamisms and pride of employees
Training programs are as follows
FRESH ENTRANTS
Induction and orientation
COMPETENCE ENHANCEMENT
Technical
Multi skill training
Managerial
SPECIFIC AREA
Safety
Environment
Cost control and deduction
Quality
EXTERNAL TRAINING
OTHER AREAS
Hindi training
40
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
GOALS OF HRD
Development of individual capacity
Development of competitive in relations job being performed
Development of corporate approach
Development interpersonal relationship
Development of overall organization culture
Role of HRD
Human resources planning
Human resources accounting
Human resources allocation and role planning
Human resources training and development
Human resources maintenance
Climate development of HRD
Activities of HRD
Training need identification
Training needs assessment
Training needs justification
Budgeting and controlling of cost
Selection of learning process
Planning designing conducting the training procedure
Evolution of program through the trainee and feedback records
41
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Training Objectives
To help the trainee
To improve knowledge skill attitude amp performance
To develop competence to increase productivity
To prepare for greater responsibility
To improve interpersonal relationship
To equip with modern tools amp techniques of to harness best of the human resources
and maintains industrial harmony
Modern how to develop self and his subordinates
Recruitment sources
This company considers both internal and external sources for recruitment Internal sources
include the employees who are already on the payroll Whenever any vacancy occurs
somebody within the organization with necessary qualification is promoted to that job
External sources are obtained by giving advertisements in state and local newspapers
Recruitment
It is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for
jobs in the organization so that the right person for accomplishing organization and
departmental objectives will fill up organization vacancies
In order to ensure that the right type of persons are available to the concern in the right
number at the right place the following steps are taken
The candidate will be given an application form through which the Personnel Manager can
come to know about the candidate with respect to the following
Educational qualification
Experience
Skills possessed by the candidate
Salary expecting
42
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Screening of Applications
Interview
Physical Examination
Placement
Selection
The intention of the selection process is to choose the best-qualified and suitable candidate
for unfilled jobs The objective of the selection decision is to choose the individual who can
most suitably perform the given job
The selection procedure is essentially a series of steps through which additional information
is secured about the applicant at any stage the candidate may be rejected due to non-
compatibility Therefore selection is actually a negative process of rejecting the unit
candidates
The selection procedure followed by the company is as follows
Training and Development
The company gives only on-the-job training Usually on-the-job methods of training are as
follows
Job rotation
Coaching
Job instruction
Committee assignments
43
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
After the selection of candidates the candidates will be given on-the-job training in an
organization for 1 year If the candidate performance in this year is satisfactory as per the
requirement of the company then the candidate is selected as an employee for the company
This period of 1 year is known as the probationary period for the candidate When the
performance of the candidate is unsatisfactory then the company will provide further training
to the candidate to make him fully equipped to work in the organization
Safety of the Employees
1 Safety shoes will be given to every shop floor employee once in 6 months
2 Safety uniform will be given to every shop floor employees
3 Pairs of uniform will be given once in a year
4 Every employee in the organization is covered under lsquoEmployee State insurancersquo and
group insurance as well
5 Every employee in the organization will be medically examined once a year
Per day there are 3 shifts of 8 hours each The timing of the shifts is as follows
1st shift-----------------------------6am to 2pm
2nd shift----------------------------2pm to 10pm
Apart from these shifts there is a general shift from 900 am to 600 pm for office staff
Wages
Wages in the wide sense mean any economic compensation paid by the employer under some
contract to his worker for the services rendered by him
In this company the wages are fixed according to the government norms At the time of
appointment the company fixes the wages which is higher than the government norms After
a certain period the wages will be fixed according to the experience of the worker
44
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Absenteeism
An absentee is a person who habitually stays away from the job There are several causes for
absenteeism which are as follows
Maladjustment with the working condition
Industrial fatigue
Alcoholism
Low level of wages
Family problems
Unhealthy working conditions
Unsound personnel policies
The company follows a procedure with respect to absenteeism If the worker is frequently
absent show cause notice is given If the absence is continued by the worker maximum
three-show cause notices are given If the absence is continued then the company will issue a
charge sheet If the absence is further continued the management conducts an in-house
enquiry During the enquiry the management decides as to whether the worker should
continue in his job or not
Performance appraisal
Production head or Works Manager will give the questionnaire to the employees working in
the production department and based on their answers for the questions the ranking will be
given for each worker and depending upon the rank the worker will be put in the certain
position
If any worker scores less marks then he will be made to work hard and achieve the goal
They will tell him his weakness and strengths in the particular field and motivate him to
achieve his goal and rectify his mistakes for achieving the organizational objectives
45
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Promotion
In this company the promotion is given based on seniority-cum-merit The management will
also take the following considerations while promoting an employee
Behavior of the worker
Attendance of the worker
Efficiency of the worker
46
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Marketing Department
The marketing department performs marketing activity by supplying the products to the
customers within the mentioned time and the product is transferred to the domestic customers
by the road transportation and overseas customers by means of ships
Marketing Channels
Marketing channel decisions are among the most critical decisions facing marketing The
channels chosen intimately affect all other marketing decisions
As the company is a manufacturing concern it undertakes the following type of marketing
channels
The company gets order directly from its customers and it directly delivers the finished
products to its customers as it has producer-customer type of marketing channel
Marketing Strategies
Usually the Company follows the following marketing strategies
Quick delivery
Better quality
Service after sales
47
CUSTOMERS
COMPANY
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Marketing Segmentation
Market segmentation means dividing the market into different segments or sectors In this
company market segmentation is made on the basis of components
Packaging
Packaging is normally not done for rough castings unless it is specified by the customer in
which case due care shall be taken to follow the customerrsquos specification only nice castings
are packed in the boxes
Handling of customer complaints
The details of customersrsquo complaints corrective action taken etc shall be
recorded on corrective action report and a copy shall be sent to the customer
Whenever possible customer confirmation is obtained
Managing Director shall forward the same to the Manager-Quality control for the
investigation
Based on the result of investigation the complaints are bifurcated as Genuine
Casual complaints
All genuine complaints are thoroughly investigated and a suitable corrective and
preventive action is taken recorded and given to the concerned department for
further action
All casual complaints from the customer are informed accordingly
The managing director shall receive complaints from the customers A complaint
number is allotted and an acknowledgement is sent to customers
Records
The following records shall be maintained by marketing department
1 Enquiries and Quotation
2 Purchase orders from customer and its Amendments
3 Verbal order
4 Order Acceptance
5 Delivery challen cum Invoice
48
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Finance Department
Finance is the lifeblood of any industry At any movement business firm can be viewed as a
pool of funds These funds come from a variety of sources investors or shareholders
creditors who lend in money and past earnings retained in business Funds provided from
these sources are committed to a number of uses Fixed assets used in production of a product
or service inventory used in production of marketable goods cash and securities used for
transaction and liquidity purposes
The sales of the company are accompanied with sales bills which are generated from
computer The terms of sales varies from 30 days 60 days and for few customers the
document is sent through Bank for payment
The export sales are against payment through Bank with a credit period of 45 days from the
date of shipment
The purchase of raw materials component parts and consumables are affected against a credit
period from 15 days to 60 days The purchase made from the local vendors is paid on the last
day of the month irrespective of the material receipt date
Department Structure
DIRECTOR COMMERCIAL
FINANCE MANAGER
CASHIER STENO TYPIST
The main functions of Finance Department are as follows
1 Making the payment as salary to the employees
2 Meeting the manufacturing expenses of the organization
3 Preparing financial statement of the organization
4 Maintaining the liquidity position of the company
5 Helping the management in taking financial decision
6 Maintaining the rules and regulation laid down by the companyrsquos act of 1956
7 Making payments to the suppliers
8 Receiving receipts from the customers
49
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Accounting Procedure
The company follows cash and credit basis of accounting of its income and expenditures
The income of the company is fo0rm sale of castings development of patterns for new items
and by sale of bye products The major expenditures are power charges manufacturing
expense labour raw materials and consumable spares administrative and selling expense
interest
The following are the books and records maintained by cerebra integrated technologies
Limited
Subsidiary BooksRecords
This register is maintained to keep track of the material in-warded GRN wise and to enable to
effect payment on the due dates on the basis of the credit terms Immediately after accepting
the material by store and counter signed by the quality Assurance Department the necessary
entries are made in the registrar
Customer RegisterBill Register
This register is maintained to keep track of the sales made to each and individual customer
The follows are maintained customer wise and the detail of invoice number and date and
value with cumulative value is maintained in the register This register also helps to make
follow up for payment The entries in the register are made immediately after the invoice is
generated from the computer
The receipt of payment against each customer and invoice is also entered in the register to
enable to know the balance outstanding customer wise
Salary advance register
This register is maintained to know the advance outstanding employee wise Immediately
after issue of advance the necessary entries are made in this register Similarly after receipt
of advance through slips the entries are made in this register to know the exact balances of
advance employee wise
50
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Customer Rejection Register
This register is maintained to keep track of customer rejection of castings
Immediately after receipt of rejected castings the GRN is made and the entries are made in
the computer and the computer list is enclosed with the GRN to made entries in the customer
rejection register where in the details of rejection via invoice number grade quantity and
weight value excise duty sales tax and forwarding are made
Books of Accounts
Petty Cash Book
This is day book maintained by the cashier by making necessary entries of receipt of cash and
payment made against vouchers The payment voucherreceipt vouchers are duty verified by
the Director and then necessary entries are made in the books through computer
The vouchers should be filled in all respect with date debitcredit account name paid to the
received from whom amount in words and figures If the payment is made above Rs500-
necessary signatures should be taken on affixing rupee one revenue stamp
Bank book
Since the company has availed cash credit and bill discounting facility from bank two
separate bank books for cash credit and bill discounting are maintained
The receipt of payment through chequedemand draft and payment through chequedemand
draft is maintained in the register The balance of the book should tally with the balance in
the books of accounts maintained in a computer
In the bill discounting register The bills lodged with bankers for discounting are entered and
the over draw amount against the discounted bills necessary credit entries are made in the
register to arrive at the actual balance against the sanctioned working capital
51
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
General ledger
This ledger gives the details of transactions effected by the company at any point of time The
receipt and payment of cash as well as the receipt and payment of bank are posted to
respective accounts in the general ledger This ledger should be updated on day to day basis
to know the actual balance of each account The trail balance and receipt and payment are
made at each month end which should necessarily tally The profit and loss account is also
arrived on the basis of the trail balance which can be arrived month wise quarterly half
yearly or yearly
Inventory management
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies
in India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all the three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level o finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only the ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method
of inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method
raw material which bought first will be sent to the production department first
Cost of production
The following items determine the cost of production of the product
Price of raw materials
Labour costs
Other production costs
Market condition
52
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Mode of Payment
1 Advance Payment
The firm takes an advance payment of 20 to 25 of price from the new customers
2 Credit
The firm gives credit facility to its old customers which is secured by the following
- Invoice performance credit
- Letter of credit
53
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
CERBRA INTEGRATED
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
PROFIT amp LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30-9-2010
CONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETAS 30-9-2010
54
Particulars 30-9-2010 30-9-2009
INCOME
Sales amp Services 588808535 503398844
Other Income 8458654 1291991
TOTAL 597267189 504690834
EXPENDITURE
Materials 565924569 471247636
Manufacturing amp Administration Expenses 15640011 16247496
Marketing Expenses 249660 127791
Interestamp Financial Charges 248640 382737
Depreciation 1588627 2055635
TOTAL 583651507 490061295
Profit Before Extraordinary Items 13615681 14629539
Profit [loss] Before Taxation 13615681 14629539
Provision for Taxation
MAT 2524347 (1894)
Profit[loss] after tax transferred to balance 11091334 14631433
Sheet
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
CEREBRA INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCESHEETAS AT 30-9-2010
55
PARTICULARS 30-9-2010 (Rs) 30-9-2011(Rs)
Sources of funds
Share Holderrsquos Funds 159555820 150740820
Share Application Money 29211000 5643501
Reserves amp Surplus 242157224 242157224
Minority interest 334875 ------
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
Application of funds
Fixed Assets
Gross Block 46078186 46259057
Less Depreciation 28342562 26103945
Net Block 17735625 20155113
Deferred Tax Assets 63249 ----
Investment cost 2000 2000
Current Assets Loans amp Advances
Sundry Debtors 318650954 337538013
Cash amp Bank Balance 12439646 9113641
Loans amp Advances 114671053 45651808
445761654 392303462
Less Current Liabilities amp Provisions
Current Liabilities 293343081 290079690
Provisions 2810681 1999
Net Current Assets 149607892 102221773
Profit amp loss Account 263850154 276162659
Grand Total 431258919 398541545
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
INTRODUCTION Of MCKINSEYrsquoS 7s MODEL
The 7s Model for management analysis was developed by McKinseyrsquos and company in the
late 1970s to help managers address the difficulties of change The model shows that
organizational immune systems and the many interconnected variables involved make change
complex and that an effective change effort must address many of these issues
simultaneously This is often a daunting managerial challenge
The 7s frame work provides an effective way of analyzing an organization in terms of dynamic
relationship among 7 key elements namely ndash Structure System Strategy Style Staff Shared values
(subordinate goals) Skill
According to Richard Pascal these factors are called ldquoThe art of Japanese Managementrdquo The
Richard defines that it was because of these factors the Japanese companies excelled over
American firms A very important feature of this Model is that McKinsey consultants in their
studies of several firms have extensively tested it
The McKinseyrsquos model is only a tool available to the managers to study the organizations A
major premise of the model is that many performances related issues are rooted among the 7
factors outlines This study is important from a strategic marketing Organizational
performances related issues are rooted among the 7 factors outlines These 7s are
interconnected aligned and working together in high performing organizations
56
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Structure
The organizational structure of the company is based on the functional departments and the
decision taken from top-level management of the company For analyzing and for taking
decision the top management will consult the functional managers performance of various
tasks in departments will be assigned to its functional head
The way the organizationrsquos units related to each other centralized functional divisions (top-down)
Decentralized (the trend in large organizations) matrix network holiday etc The organization chart
associated information that shows who reports to whom and how tasks are both divided up and
integrated
Skill
Usually in a foundry Industry two types of skills are required They are as follows
1 Administrative skills
2 Technical skills
Administrative Skills
Administrative skills are those skills which are very much necessary for office staff It
involves managing the resources of the organization Cerebra integrated technologies limited
is doing everything to impart these skills in its employees When the candidate is selected he
will be given an on-the-job training for about 1 year and also training in each department to
make the candidate familiar with the organization Every month a training program will be
conducted wherein personalities having expertise in various fields give lectures
Technical Skills
Technical skills are those skills which are directly concerned with the production Shop-
floor employees are expected to possess these skills to carry out the production activity
smoothly
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited they give more importance to technical
knowledge than educational qualification
57
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Different training programs are conducted to impart technical skills among employees When
a candidate is selected he will be subjected to an on-the-job training for 1 year Sometimes
the company gets its employees trained by external training agencies Guest lectures are
arranged once in a month to help the employees update their knowledge with the industry
level
Cerebra integrated technologies limited continuously monitors the performance of the
employees of various departments and identifies the training needs to be given for employees
and for enhancing the skills of the employees
Style
The company follows a centralized system of decision-making Only the top management
takes the decisions and the suggestions of the lower level employees are taken into
consideration
To study the style of functioning of Cerebra integrated technologies limited I have taken the
purchasing activity as the parameter When the raw materials for production are out of stock
the storekeepers inform this to his immediate superior lsquoProduction managerrsquo who in turn
reports this to his immediate superior lsquoDirector Commercialrsquo thus adopting a bottom-up
approach
In Cerebra integrated technologies limited there exists an authoritarian approach when it
comes to decision making Only the persons who are in higher authority take decisions about
the day-to-day operations Thus decision-making is restricted to the upper layer of the
management For eg While taking decisions regarding purchase only the MD and Director
[commercial] will take decisions regarding the vendor quantity and quality of the raw
material and tenders The higher authorities do everything There is no participative
approach and most of the employees have no or very little knowledge about all the aspects of
the companyrsquos administration
58
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Strategy
Strategy is about setting corporate goals defining steps needed to achieve these goals
followed by systematic action and allocation of resources to achieve corporate goals
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is aiming at gaining a substantial advantage over
competition through its quality products with reasonable price To price their products
reasonable they should minimize the cost as much as possible One way of doing this is by
waste elimination
The strategy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited regarding waste elimination is very
simple and feasible ie ensuring that the quality of raw materials purchased is good well in
advance before starting production activity By using the good quality of raw materials the
company can produce quality output without any damages or cracks in the castings Thus
reducing the wastage
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has one more strategy regarding waste elimination
Ie by carrying out the production activity according to the procedure and under watchful
eyes of the supervisors Thus there would be no room for the shop floor employees to
commit any wrongdoing
Staff
Responsibility and Authority
The company has defined responsibilities and authorities in order to facilitate effective
implementation of quality management and these are communicated to relevant persons in
the organization
59
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Managing Director
Responsibility
1 Overall control of the company
2 Ultimate responsibility for product quality
3 Responsibility for customer satisfaction
4 Responsibility for marketing
5 New product development and process improvement
6 Growth and profit
Authority
1 Approve quality assurance manual
2 Interact with customers
3 Approve capital goods
4 Release the product whenever there is ambiguity
5 Disposal of non-conforming products
6 Sign cheque
Director (Commercial)
Responsibility
1 Responsible for purchasing and supplier development
2 Financial management including cash flow management
3 Responsible for storersquos management
4 Administration and personnel management
5 Functions of managing director in his absence
Authority
1 Sign the purchase order
2 Sign cheques
3 Prepare the yearly budget and follow up
4 Interact with statutory bodies and maintain records
60
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Works Manager
Responsibility
1 Overall responsibility for production planning and control
2 Overall responsibility for pattern equipment and product quality
3 Safety and house-keeping of entire company
4 Upkeep of all equipment
5 Process improvement and productivity
6 Training of production and quality control personnel
7 Upkeep of relevant records
Authority
1 Co-ordinate at all stages of production to ensure material of right quality and quantity
reaching customer on time
2 Introduce new production methodsmaterial to improve productivity and quality
Manager Maintenance
Responsibility
1 Monitor and control the activity of the administration office
2 Upkeep of statutory records
3 Make payment to suppliers on due date
4 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Prepare and send chequesDDrsquos
61
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Manager Accounts
Responsibility
1 Account all the vouchers and bills after acceptance from stores
2 Maintain books of accounts
3 Update all the accounts regularly
4 Prepare financial statement at defined intervals
5 Update the salary advance register
6 Housekeeping in respective areas
Authority
1 Enter accounts data into the computer
2 Raise debitcredit notes
3 Issue stamped receipts for the payment received
Assistant Manager Quality Control
Responsibility
1 NDT inspection
2 Inspection of castings in first second and final stage
3 Upkeep of related records
4 Housekeeping in respective department
Authority
1 Authorized to inspect and release the product for next stages
62
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
Responsibility
1 Incoming and in-process inspection
2 Overall responsibility of calibration of EMTE
3 Training of quality assurance personnel
Authority
1 Accept the product at inward good stage
2 Approve the liquid metal before pouring
Chemist
Responsibility
1 Charge calculation
2 Inspection of incoming materials
3 Mechanical testing
4 Housekeeping in the related areas
Authority
1 Authorized to approve the liquid metal before pouring in the absence of Assistant
Manager
63
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Marketing and Administration Officer
Responsibility
1 Delivery challan cum invoice preparation with its related activities
2 Central excise formalities and related activities
3 Cash handling
4 Upkeep and maintenance of the following records
Authority
1 Purchase stationery
2 Co-ordinate with central excise department on behalf of the company
Supervisory Moulding
Responsibility
1 Allocate the work for the workers based on planning
2 Arrangements for production of moulding core as per planning and documented
procedures
3 Inspection of pattern and core box before and while production
4 Ensure correct mixing of sand as per procedure
5 To maintain a clean and neat working environment
Authority
1 Authorize to reject mouldscores in consent with assistant manager company
Supervisor Maintenance
Responsibility
1 General house-keeping in all area
2 Attending machine break down
3 Arrangement for lining preparation
64
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Authority
1 Authorized to arrange for spares in the absence of Manager Maintenance and in
consent with the directors
Supervisor Inspection
Responsibility
1 Inspection of castings in all stores
2 Final clearance of castings before dispatch
Authority
1 Authority to clear material for dispatch in consent with Assistant Manager
Purchase Officer
Responsibility
1 Local purchase
2 Cash purchase
3 Out station purchase follow up as and when assigned
4 Attending bank work
Authority
1 Authorized to procure material from approved supplier in consent with Director
(commercial)
65
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Cashier Steno cum Typist
Responsibility
1 To prepare covering letters for the entire invoice towards dispatch of castings
2 To prepare letterspayment reminders at defined intervals
3 To maintain petty cash book daily
Authority
1 Make payment of Rs20000 against approval by the Director (commercial)
2 Procure postal stamps and revenue stamps for office use
The responsibilities and authorities of Management Representatives include the following
a) Coordinating for the implementation and maintenance of the quality management
system with other head of the departments in the company
b) Coordinating and obtaining approval and updating the quality assurance manual
documented procedures detailed procedures and process maps
c) Reporting to management on the performance of the quality management including
needs for improvement through management review meetings
d) Ensuring awareness of customer requirements throughout the organization
System
Cerebra integrated technologies limited uses complete systemized processes in all fields like
quality control systems performance measurement systems order execution systems
Inventory control systems etc
Inventory Control System
Inventories constitute the most significant part of current assets of a majority of companies in
India Inventories are stock of the product a company is manufacturing for sale and
components that make up the product The various forms in which inventories exist in a
manufacturing company are raw materials work in progress and finished goods
66
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
A manufacturing firm will have substantially high level of all three kinds of inventories
While retail or wholesale firm will have a very high level of finished goods inventories and
no raw material and work in progress inventory
Cerebra integrated technologies limited has implemented only ldquofirst-in first-outrdquo method of
inventory control technique which is popularly known as FIFO method In this method raw
materials which bought first will be sent to the production department first The inventory
system of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is very effective to have a control over the
raw materials Inventory control systemrsquos main objective is to avoid over stocking or under
stocking It maintains the level of raw materials at equilibrium This system works by
estimating the production level for the next one-month and then it estimates the raw materials
required to meet the production for the next one month If the stock of raw materials is not
enough to meet the production level then it places an order for the raw materials that too one
month in advance so that the production will not be affected even in case of any
uncertainties
Order Execution System
The company receives the purchase order from its customer The purchase order may be in
terms of written format or a verbal order The overall responsibility for review of purchase
orders lies with the Managing Director As and when required Managing Director shall take
the assistance of Assistant Manager Quality control and Assistant Manager Company for
review of contract
The following are the various steps taken by the organization to execute a purchase order
from a customer
1 All purchase orders receipt and then issued stamped with date of receipt and then
issued to the Managing Director for study
2 Managing Director shall study the technical and commercial requirements with
respect to the following
Technical
a Normalwitness pouring
b Third party inspection
67
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
c NDT requirements
d Acid Picking requirements
e Previous history of the product available in computer
Commercial
a Rate
b Delivery period
c Mode of Dispatch
d Mode of Payment
e Payment terms
f KSTCST Number of customer
g Dispatch destination address and mode of dispatch
h One copy is sent to customer
i One copy is filled to customer wise along with purchase order
3 Managing Director shall interact with the customer and get the necessary clarifications
regarding technical delivery and commercial conditions
4 If everything is found correct Managing Director shall issue the purchase order for entering
in computer
5 The same shall be entered in computer and the purchase order shall be stamped
accordingly
6 An order acknowledgement shall necessarily have the following details other than items
grade and rate and delivery date
7 After the same is cleared by the Managing Director
8 The concerned production department shall have an access to order acceptance from
computer
9 The production department will go for producing the products as per the requirement of the
customer
10 The dispatch section will send the products to the customer as per their requirement
68
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Shared value
Shared values include the core values which are the essential guiding principles doctrines
and core purpose which encompass the companyrsquos business goals how it strives to achieve
and the values it will uphold in determining corporate destiny
Cerebra integrated technologies limited Shared values have two variables They are as
follows
1 Mission
2 Corporate Objectives
Serve the community around through welfare schemes
In order to fulfill this shared value the Company is involving itself in many charity
activities Like providing the necessities for the local schools and giving donations to
charitable institutes
To become a Global entity for the supply of finished Cast components in wide range
of materials with highly committed and socially responsible employees
The company in order to become a global entity with highly committed and socially
responsible employees is putting all its efforts to make its employees skilled enough
to handle any complex job To make the employees skilful the company is organizing
training programs regularly The company is taking measures to create social
awareness among its employees
Strive towards making work environment safe and environment friendly
To make the working environment safe for the employees the company has provided
safety gears like safety goggles safety shoes safety clothing etc for its employees It
is also taking measures to minimize the harm to the environment by recycling the
sand and using it again for casting purpose
The quality policy of Cerebra integrated technologies limited is to ensure manufacture
and supply products of high quality to the complete satisfaction of each and every
customer and thus achieve leadership in market as reputed and reliable supplies
Cerebra integrated technologies limited is giving due importance to the quality of its
products There by achieving a sense of satisfaction among its customers The
employees are made to perform the work with due concern to the quality of the
69
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
products Through its quality products the company wants to achieve leadership in
market as reputed and reliable supplies
Endeavoring to fulfill social responsibilities
The company in order to fulfill its social responsibility has undertaken many
community development projects which include donations to charitable institutions
and providing necessities for local schools etc besides the company has a huge
concern for environment Therefore it has made a policy to minimize harmful effects
on the environment
The company is committed to the following
Continual prevention of pollution reduction of waste and consumption of
resources in all its operations
Promote environmental awareness among all employees and ensure their
participation in implementing this environmental policy at their place of work
SWOT ANALYSIS
70
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning
process Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S)
weakness (W) and those external to the firms can be classified as opportunities (O) threats
(T) Such an analysis of the strategic environment is referred as SWOT analysis
Strength
71
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
1 Easy and timely availability of raw material
2 The company is having expertise Human resource
3 The company has equipped with latest technology
4 The company has good machines for manufacturing purpose
5 The company protects employees by giving safety equipments
Weakness
1 Lack of education among the workers in the lower cadre
2 They have not given the additional facilities like cab facilities etc
3 The company does not have its own products to sell It should rely heavily on
customer orders
4 Lack of space inside the production department
5 The company more depends on the casual workforce in its production
Opportunities
72
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
1 The company can expand its business in Europe which is a potential market for
industrial machines
2 By maintaining its quality of products the company can enter different foreign
markets
3 Presence of auto majors in the region especially in south India
4 Cheap and skilled labour is also acts as an opportunity for the company for producing
quality of goods effectively and more efficiently
Threats
1 Pollution control norms laid by the government are getting stringent
2 A liberal importexport policy has made the Chinese steel industries to enter India
With its cheap products they can kill domestic industries
3 Labour incentive
4 Expensive transportation cost
5 Industries heavily rely on non-renewable resources These resources may get
exhausted
FINDING AND CONCLUSION
73
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
Cerebra integrated technologies limited which are one of the IT solution industries
FINDINGS
The organization is not success in both domestic and export market to meet their
demand
The company is not providing proper training to their employees
The company is financially sound
Rising cost of raw materials
Products processing facilities are not enough
They should make more advertisements
The name Cerebra integrated technologies limited itself stands for quality and
pureness
CONCLUSION
74
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
The Cerebra integrated technologies limited having the good working environment The
employees are very happy to work is the Industry And this Industry is having good
Infrastructure facility to develop the employees And industry was taking well initiative To
strengthen their employees and also to improve the quality of life their employees
Cerebra integrated technologies limited industry has posted a good performance with all-
round improvement is production sales and profitability
Lastly I conclude that the company is having good market for their product but also it has to
give Advertisement for their product to create awareness in the minds of the customer The
prospects of the company continued to be positive And also the industry has delivering
superior value to the customerrsquos stake holders and other by providing good quality products
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
75
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
The training has created a sense of practical exposure and enlightenment in my mind as to
what actually an organization is and how theoretical concepts are practiced in with only
theatrical knowledge several management concepts were slightly difficult to analyze
However after implant training I have felt empowered with confidence to understand
different management concepts in a pragmatic manner
The training helped me a lot in recalling the theoretical concepts which I learnt in my 1 st year
MBA I also came across real problems faced by organization in technology human
resources etc and the way in which the management tackled those problems
During this implant training I realized that management is a backbone of every organization
and without which every activity of organization will go haywire
I came to know the importance of Management Information System [MIS] in the
organization and how it assists the management in every aspect of its business and how it
helps the management in the process of decision-making
I came to know how communication acts as an important tool for the smooth functioning of
the organization and how we should communicate on different channels and with different
grades of peoples
As we all know that finance is lifeblood of every organization I personally had a look at the
finance department I came to know the importance of finance department and I came to
know the different tools they use to have a control over the liquidity position of the company
I came to know the importance of Managerial Knowledge such as planning organizing
staffing directing controlling and decision-making I came to know about the rules
regulation policies and procedures of the company and to what extent employees are
following the rules and regulation laid down by the management I came to know about the
punitive actions taken by the management against the individuals who breaks the rules and
regulation of the company
Apart from these I also came to know about the Leader ship traits such as ability to motivate
counsel and train sub-ordinate in a humane approach to their problem develop personnel
support and team spirit
76
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
In training also helped me in knowing the importance of group effort when compared to
individual effort in organization In addition importance of human relations was known
which helps the management getting the things done through its employees
Personally I gained many valuable insights in Cerebra integrated technologies limited which
help in my career It is about the working environment about dealing with the employees
about the attitude required to sustain in an organization and so on
In total I am very much benefited with this implant training Once again I thank the
authority of Cerebra integrated technologies limited of giving me this opportunity to carry
out the implant training and expose myself to the corpor ate field and I thank all employers
of Cerebra integrated technologies limited and as well as who are helping and for giving me
continuous guidance to make this project work successful
77
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The companyrsquos Reports are
Quality Assurance Report
Production Report
Finance department Report
Marketing department Report
WEBSITE
wwwcerebracomputerscom
wwwwikipediacom
Financial report - Financial section in Cerebra integrated technologies limited
TEXT BOOKS
Kotler Philip and Keller Kevin Lane (2006) Marketing Management (12 th
Edition) Pearson Education
Cooper Donald R and Schindler Pamela S (2005) Business Research
Methods (8th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill
AshwathappaK (2005) Human Resource and Personal Management (3rd
Edition) Tata McGraw-Hill
BOOKS
Company Magazines
Hand books Catalogue Journals amp Reports
78
- The future of any Company depends on its ability to-
- Responsibility and Authority
- Managing Director
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Director (Commercial)
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Manager Accounts
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Assistant Manager of Quality Assurance
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisory Moulding
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Supervisor Maintenance
- Responsibility
-