Central African Republic Development Situation September 2007
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Transcript of Central African Republic Development Situation September 2007
Slide 1Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
CAR: Left behind in AfricaHumanitarian and Development Partnership Team
Central African Republic (CAR)
Slide 2Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Landlocked in the fragile centre of Africa
CHADSUDAN
LIBYA
CAMEROON
DRCCONGO
DARFUR
CAR
GEOGRAPHY
Slide 3Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
4.2 million people in a country the size of France
Population by prefecture Population density
Lobaye (15)
Mbomou (9)Nana-Gribizi (4)Nana-Mambéré (1)Ombella-M'Poko (13)Ouaka (11)Ouham (3)Ouham-Pendé (2)Sangha-Mbaéré (16)Vakaga (6)
Region
Basse-Kotto (10)Haute-Kotto (7)Haut-Mbomou (8)Kémo (12)
Mambéré-Kadéï (17)
Bangui (14)Bamingi-Bangoran (5)
Total
127,708
393,407176,873127,057251,993
298,413398,179464,272109,002
56,354
2007 Projection
268,69297,40062,120
266,238
46,620
384,704
4,216,666
687,634
0 – 99,999100,000 – 199,999200,000 – 299,999300, 000 – 399,999400,000 – 499,999600,000 – 699,999
(1)
(2)(3)
(5)(6)
(7)
(4)
(8)(10) (9)(11)(17)
(16) (15)(14)
(12)
(13)
POPULATION
Source: UNFPA, Population projection for 2007
Slide 4Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
One of the highest shares of population in extreme poverty
Mali GambiaNigeria CAR Niger Burkina Faso
73
POVERTY
Source: World Bank (2002)
Share of population living on less than US$ 1 a day
7067
64 61 61 59
Zambia
Slide 5Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Recovering from more than 20 years of under-development
1975 19901980 1985 1995 2000 2004
.45
.35
.25
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Source: HDR (2006)
CAR’s Human Development Index value fell from 0.387 in 1985 to 0.353 in 2004
Sudan
CAR
Chad
DRC
Slide 6Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
For 20 years CAR stagnated while Africa grew
ECONOMIC GROWTH
Source: IMF (2007)
1985 1990 2000 2005
GDP per capita (PPP) in 2006 US$ 1,198 versus US$ 2,686 in Africa as a whole
1995
+20%
GDP growth, Base = 100 (1985)
100
CAR
Africa
+40%
+60%
+80%
-20%
Slide 7Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
An economy off balance
Exports, imports, trade balance in bil. FCFA* Share of GDP per sector in 2006
ECONOMIC GROWTH
Pie 1
Pie 1
Pie 1
Agriculture57%
Industry14%
Services29%
20
-20
40
50
30
0
1996 1998 2000 2002 2004
Imports
Exports
70
10
60CA Balance
Source: Central African Central Bank (BEAC, www.beac.int), * 1 USD = 500 FCFA
Slide 8Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Rich in strategic natural resources
Timber
Diamonds
Uranium
Gold
RESOURCES
N
Source: CAR Government
CHAD DARFUR
DRC
Slide 9Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Resource wealth poorly managed
Diamond production (1,000 carats) Gold (kg), Timber (1,000 m3) production
RESOURCES
2501996 1998 2000 2002 2004
300
350
400
450
500
Source: Central African Central Bank (BEAC, www.beac.int)
1996 1998 2000 2002 2004
800
600
400
200
0
40
30
20
10
1996 1998 2000 2002 20040
Slide 10Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Agricultural sector in disarray
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Slide 11Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Production of major export crops collapsed
Rural development quick facts
• 74% of population work in agricultural sector
• 15 million ha arable land but only 600,000 ha cultivated
• 94% of farming is subsistence farming
• On average each farmer cultivates less than 0.5 ha
• Average yearly growth of agricultural sector in last 30 years: 2%, population growth per year: 2.3%
• Global acute malnutrition for children under 5 years at 10%
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Cotton and coffee production in 1,000 tons
Source: Govt. Briefing Paper on Rural Development (www.car-conference.net), MICS
30
10
50
60
40
20
1996 1998 2000 2002 2004Source: Central African Central Bank (BEAC, www.beac.int)
Cotton
Coffee70
Slide 12Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
People keep dying from treatable diseases
HEALTH
Slide 13Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Kenya CameroonUganda CAR Rwanda Ghana Burkina Faso Guinea
6.7
5.5
6.4 6.2
3.0
2.21.8
1.5
HEALTH
Source: UNFPA (2007), data based on MICS methodology
HIV/AIDS prevalence one of the highest in the region
HIV/AIDS prevalence in % among adult population in selected African states
Slide 14Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
One of the world’s poorest health systems
Health quick facts
• 76% of population live more than 10 km from next health centre
• Life expectancy fell from 49 years in 1988 to 43 years in 2003
• Only 44% of births assisted
• Prevalence of contraceptives only 6.9%
• One of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world at 1,355 per 100,000
• Infant-mortality rate at 132 per 1,000
• Malaria, diarrhoea, HIV/AIDS and malnutrition main causes of death for children under 3 years
HEALTH
HIV/AIDS prevalence by prefecture in %
Nana-GribiziBanguiHaute-KottoOmbella-M’PokoMambéré-Kadéï
TotalHaut-MbomouBamingui-Bangoran
Top 7 regions by total MenWomen
13.6
10.7
4.12.6
3.1
7.2
6.9 6.37.8
3.6
3.1 3.2
7.4
4.2
7.3
6.44.53.2
6.04.95.1
13.8
7.47.37.2
10.78.47.8
13.6
8.39.8
10.6
15.111.410.3
13.5
Source: Govt. Briefing Paper on Health (www.car-conference.net), UNFPA (2007)
8.4
Slide 15Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Hardly anywhere is access to education so difficult
EDUCATION
Slide 16Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
One of the world’s weakest educational systems
Education quick facts Pupils per teacher in Sub-Saharan Africa
• Only 1.45% of GDP spent on education, almost 50% below African average
• Primary enrolment rates have not improved in 15 years
• Pupil to teacher ration 92:1 in primary education, 50:1 in secondary education
• Almost 50% of teachers unqualified parents
• Only 32% of pupils completed basic primary education in 2005
• Adult literacy rate 51% for men, 32% for women
EDUCATION
92
7266 63 62
CAR Congo Ethiopia Mozam. Chad Rwanda
83
80
60
40
20
100
Source: Govt. Briefing Paper on Education (www.car-conference.net) Source: UNESCO (2005), Pupil-teacher ratio in primary education (X:1)
Slide 17Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Drinking water a health hazard
WATER
Slide 18Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Millions without access to safe drinking water
Water quick facts % of pop. using adequate sanit. facilities in Africa
• Most water pumps destroyed or in disrepair
• Access to safe drinking water estimated at 31.5% for population in urban areas, 26.0% in rural areas
• About 75% of population without access to adequate sanitation facilities
• No waste management system
WATER
Source: Govt. Briefing Paper on Water (www.car-conference.net)
15
5
25
30
20
10
CAR
35
Chad B. Faso Benin Congo Niger Eritrea Ethio. Rwan.
29 29
2523
21 20
13 12
8
Source: NationMaster.com (UNICEF, latest available)
Slide 19Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Landlocked with almost no way out
INFRASTRUCTURE
Slide 20Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Vast distances, hardly any good roads, almost no electricity
DRC
Infrastructure quick facts Road accessibility and distances from Bangui
• 5,376 km of roads but only 700 km with good accessibility
• Nearest seaport Douala almost 1,500 km from Bangui
• Lifeline to Cameroon for large parts without tarmac
• 600,000 tons of yearly freight on the Oubangui river in 1970s, down to 62,000 tons in 2005
• Only 39 MW electric power installed nationwide
• Only 3% of population with access to electricity
Very Poor
Good
Medium
Minor road
Birao: 1,073 km
Bangui
Bouar: 447 km
Bambari: 374 km
Bria: 579 km
Sibut: 179 km
CHAD SUDAN
Kaga-Bandoro: 330 km
Ndélé: 718 kmSam Ouandja: 910 km
INFRASTRUCTURE
Bossangoa: 300 km
CA
MER
OO
N
Source: Govt. Briefing Paper on Transport and Energy (www.car-conference.net)
Slide 21Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Overseas development assistance collapsed
1970 1980 1990 2000
10
50
80
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%ODA per capita (in 1990 US$)
ODA / GDP
EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE
Source: CAR Ministry of Finance
Slide 22Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Recent progress in Bangui and the centre of the country
• Legitimate government and head of state
• New constitutional framework
• Technocrats return to key government positions
• Government cleared debt arrears with World Bank and ADB
• Thumbs up from IMF– GDP growth of more than 3 % in 2005 and 2006– Inflation under control– Tax receipts tripled in the last 9 months
• World Bank re-engages and starts Country Assistance Strategy
• PRSP completed and Development Partner Round Table scheduled for 26 October
• Private sector investment in gold, diamonds and uranium over US$ 400 million in 2007
Political, economic situation starts to improve; international community re-engages +
PROGRESS
Slide 23Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
International aid organisations improve their field presence
PROGRESS
IPHD
IPHD
** Presence of international aid agencies as of August 2007** MSF also has a presence in nearby Markounda and Boguila Kota*** COOPI also has a presence in Bouca, 100 km east of Bossangoa
Bozoum
Paoua**
Bangui
Bossangoa***
Kaga-Bandoro
Bambari
Bangassou
Birao
Ndélé
SibutBouar
Sam Ouandja
Slide 24Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Contact the Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team
• Mr Toby Lanzer– Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator– UNDP Representative– Phone +236 56 10 26 | Email [email protected]
• Ms Amanda Weyler– Special Assistant to the Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator– Phone +236 56 27 44 | Email [email protected]
• Mr Gilbert Aho– UNDP Senior Economist– Phone +236 50 12 49 | Email [email protected]
• Mr Kersten Jauer– UN Information Manager– Phone +236 57 50 34 | Email [email protected]
KEY CONTACTS
Slide 25Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Useful websites
• www.cf.undp.org– UNDP Central African Republic
• www.hdptcar.net– HDPT CAR Blog on the humanitarian and development situation
• www.car-conference.net– CAR Development Partner Consultation
• www.car-round-table.net– CAR Development Partner Round Table
• www.hcpt.jot.com– HDPT CAR Intranet for Humanitarian and Development Partners
• www.minplan-rca.org– CAR Ministry of Economics, Plan and International Cooperation
WEBSITES
Slide 26Oct-07 Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team CAR
Important locations and roads
500 km
N
BouarBozoum
Bossangoa
Mbaïkï
Berbérati
Nola
Obo
Birao
Ndélé
Bambari
Bria
BangassouMobaye
Kaga-Bandoro
Bangui
Sibut
RoadDRC
CHAD SUDAN
City / settlement
Prefecture
Sam Ouandja
PaouaNgaoundaye
Kabo
Ouandago
Gordil
Bocaranga
OVERVIEW MAP