Cells
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Transcript of Cells
Cell OrganellesOctober 30, 2006
Prokaryotic Cells
• In Greek:– Pro = before– karyotic = nucleus
• Cell that do not have a nucleus
• Bacteria
Eukaryotic Cells
• In Greek:– Eu = True– Karyotic = nucleus
• Cell that have a nucleus
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
No Nucleus Nucleus
No Membrane – covered Organelles
Membrane – covered Organelles
Circular DNA (in a circle) Linear DNA (in a line)
Bacteria All other cells
Organelles
• Cell structures that allow it to live, grow & reproduce.
• Keeps inside in & outside out• Interact with things outside the cell.
Cell Walls• Hard Wall made of
cellulose.• Rigid & Stiff• Provides strength &
support to cell membrane– Like our skeletal system
• Is the control center of the cell• Store information (DNA) on how to run the cell and
build new structures. • Largest Organelle in the cell
• Place where amino acids are hooked together to make proteins, which are the building blocks for all structures built in the cell.
• “Protein Factories”• Smallest Organelles in the cell
• Make lipids which are used for membranes.• Breaks down harmful chemicals & other substances• Packages proteins for release from the cell.• “Assembly line” that constructs & carries proteins
• The Powerhouse of the cell• Break down food to make ATP• ATP = energy (Adenosine triphosphate)
• Make food using the energy from the sun.• Change H2O & CO2 to C6H12O6
• Contain the green pigment chlorophyll.
Chloroplasts
• Processes & transports materials out of the cell.• “Packaging center”
• Stores water & other fluids.
Vacuole
• Digests food particles, wastes, cell parts & foreign invaders.
• Membrane bound compartments• Formed when part of the cell membrane surrounds an object
& pinches it off.
Animal & Plant vs. Plant Cell Membranes
NucleusRibosomes
MitochondriaGolgi Complex
LysosomesVesicles
Cell WallsVacuolesChloroplasts
Animal Cell