Cell Transport Notes - MRS. MERRITT'S BIOLOGY CLASS...2 Different Types of Cell Transport 1)Passive-...
Transcript of Cell Transport Notes - MRS. MERRITT'S BIOLOGY CLASS...2 Different Types of Cell Transport 1)Passive-...
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Cell Transport Notes
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Cell Membrane- (also known as the lipid bilayer) regulates what enters and leaves the cell
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Membrane Lipid Structure
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Single Membrane Phospholipid
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Macromolecules in Cell Membrane
• Mostly Phospholipids- 2 layers with tails in between
OTHER MOLECULES IN THE CELL MEMBRANE:
1) Carbohydrates
2) Proteins
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Carbohydrates in the Membrane
• Act as markers to identify the cell
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Proteins
• Channels to let molecules into and out of the cell
• Receptors that bind to signal molecules and cause a chemical reaction in the cell.
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Why do we need protein channels?
• The membrane is selectively-permeable (It lets some molecules pass through but others cannot)
• Things that can pass: small, non polar molecules
• Things that can’t pass: large or charged molecules
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pfu1DE9PK2w
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Cell Wall
• Surrounds the cell membrane and provides structural support
• Made up of cellulose, rigid
• Not found in animals
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Cell Transport- movement of particles into and out of the cell
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Important Vocabulary
Concentration- amount of a substance per unit volume
Equilibrium- same concentration on both the inside and the outside of the cell
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2 Different Types of Cell Transport
1)Passive- doesn’t require any energy
DIFFUSION!!!
2) Active- requires energy
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Passive Transport (also known as diffusion)
No energy required!!
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Diffusion- movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration, spreading out
Requires NO energy!!!!
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1) Simple Diffusion - molecules move from high
concentration to low concentration (down the slide)
2) Osmosis- diffusion of water
3) Facilitated Diffusion- diffusion that uses a carrier
protein
Types of Passive Transport
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Simple Diffusion
Equilibrium
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Osmosis• The diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HqKlLm2MjkI
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SALT
SUCKS
Isotonic- 2 solutions have the same concentration of solute
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In osmosis, water always goes to the hypertonic side of the membrane!!!
Hypertonic insideHypotonic inside
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“Medium” just means the solution it is in
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Facilitated Diffusion
• Diffusion that requires carrier protein
• Transport materials that can’t pass through membranes on their own (large or charged molecules)
• Does not need energy!!!!
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Active TransportGoes against the gradient and requires energy!!!
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Protein Pumps
• Pumps materials AGAINST the gradient
UP THE SLIDE!!!!
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Exocytosis- transport of very large materials
outside the cell
Endocytosis- transport of very large
materials into the cell (phagocytosis &
pinocytosis)
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Types of Endocytosis
1) Pinocytosis- “cell drinking”, absorbing liquids into
the cell
2) Phagocytosis- “cell eating”, absorbing food into
the cell