Cell Theory by: Khari Sanchez

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Cell Theory Cell Theory by: by: Khari Sanchez Khari Sanchez

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Cell Theory by: Khari Sanchez. Some Cell Facts. The average human being is composed of around 100 Trillion individual cells!!! It would take as many as 50 cells to cover the area of a dot on the letter. There are millions of different types of cells. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Cell Theory by: Khari Sanchez

Page 1: Cell Theory  by: Khari Sanchez

Cell Theory Cell Theory by: by: Khari SanchezKhari Sanchez

Page 2: Cell Theory  by: Khari Sanchez

Some Cell FactsSome Cell Facts

The average human being is composed of The average human being is composed of around 100 Trillion individual around 100 Trillion individual cells!!!cells!!!

It would take as many as 50 cells to It would take as many as 50 cells to cover the area of a dot on the letter. cover the area of a dot on the letter.

There are millions of different types There are millions of different types of cells.of cells.

In the body, there are brain cells, In the body, there are brain cells, skin cells, liver cells, stomach skin cells, liver cells, stomach cells.cells.

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There are different types of cell structures. For example we have bacteria, plant cell and a animal cell.These cells are use in daily life today.

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Plant and Animals Plant and Animals SimilaritiesSimilarities

They both have a have a nucleolus They both have a have a nucleolus and nucleus.and nucleus.

They both need a cell membrane.They both need a cell membrane. They both have to have to have a They both have to have to have a Centrosome.Centrosome.

Both need to have rough endoplasmic Both need to have rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. reticulum.

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Structure Animal cells Plant cells

cell membrane Yes yes

nucleus Yes yes

nucleolus yes yes

ribosomes yes yes

ER yes yes

Golgi yes yes

centrioles yes no

cell wall no yes

mitochondria yes yes

cholorplasts no yes

One big vacuole

no yes

cytoskeleton yes Yes

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3 Basic Components 3 Basic Components

The 3 Basic Components of the The 3 Basic Components of the Cell Theory:Cell Theory:

1. All organisms are composed of 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells. one or more cells.

2. The cell is the basic unit of 2. The cell is the basic unit of life in all living things. life in all living things.

3. All cells are produced by the 3. All cells are produced by the division of preexisting cells. division of preexisting cells.

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Cell OrganellesCell Organelles OrganelleOrganelle= = “little organ”“little organ”

Found only inside Found only inside eukaryotic cellseukaryotic cells

All the stuff in All the stuff in between the between the organelles is organelles is cytosolcytosol

Everything in a Everything in a cell except the cell except the nucleus is nucleus is cytoplasmcytoplasm

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CytoskeletonCytoskeleton Acts as Acts as skeletonskeleton and and musclemuscle

Provides shape Provides shape and structureand structure

Helps move Helps move organelles organelles around the cellaround the cell

Made of three Made of three types of types of filamentsfilaments

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RibosomeRibosome

Site of protein Site of protein synthesissynthesis

Found attached Found attached to rough ER or to rough ER or floating free in floating free in cytosolcytosol

Produced in a Produced in a part of the part of the nucleus called nucleus called the the nucleolusnucleolus

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Golgi ApparatusGolgi Apparatus Looks like a Looks like a stack of platesstack of plates

Stores, modifies Stores, modifies and packages and packages proteinsproteins

Molecules Molecules transported to transported to and from the and from the Golgi by means Golgi by means of of vesiclesvesicles

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LysosomesLysosomes Garbage Garbage disposal of disposal of the cellthe cell

Contain Contain digestive digestive enzymes that enzymes that break down break down wasteswastes

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MitochondriaMitochondria ““Powerhouse of Powerhouse of the cell”the cell”

Cellular Cellular respirationrespiration occurs here to occurs here to release energy release energy for the cell to for the cell to useuse

Bound by a double Bound by a double membranemembrane

Has its own Has its own strand of DNAstrand of DNA

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ChloroplastChloroplast

Found only in Found only in plant cellsplant cells

Contains the Contains the green pigment green pigment chlorophyllchlorophyll

Site of food Site of food ((glucoseglucose) ) productionproduction

Bound by a Bound by a double membranedouble membrane

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Advantages of each kind Advantages of each kind of cell architectureof cell architecture

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

simple and easy to grow

can specialize

fast reproduction multicellularity

all the samecan build large bodies

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Prokaryote cells are Prokaryote cells are smaller and simplersmaller and simpler

Commonly known as bacteriaCommonly known as bacteria 10-100 microns in size10-100 microns in size Single-celled Single-celled (unicellular) or(unicellular) or

Filamentous (strings of Filamentous (strings of single cells)single cells)

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cytoplasmcytoplasm: inner : inner liquid fillingliquid filling

DNADNA in one big loop in one big loop pillipilli: for sticking : for sticking to thingsto things

flagellaflagella: for : for swimmingswimming

ribosomesribosomes: for : for building proteinsbuilding proteins

Prokaryote cells are simply built (example: E. coli)

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Eukaryotes are bigger Eukaryotes are bigger and more complicatedand more complicated

Have Have organellesorganellesHave Have chromosomeschromosomescan be can be multicellularmulticellularinclude include animalanimal and and plantplant cells cells

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Eukaryote cells Eukaryote cells can be can be multicellularmulticellular

The The whole cellwhole cell can be can be specializedspecialized for one job for one job

cells can work together as cells can work together as tissuestissues

Tissues can work together as Tissues can work together as organsorgans

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How Has The Cell Theory Been How Has The Cell Theory Been Used?Used?

The basic discovered truths about The basic discovered truths about cells, listed in the Cell Theory, cells, listed in the Cell Theory, are the basis for things such as:are the basis for things such as:

Disease/Health/Medical Research and Disease/Health/Medical Research and Cures(AIDS, Cancer, Vaccines, Cures(AIDS, Cancer, Vaccines, Cloning, Stem Cell Research.Cloning, Stem Cell Research.

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Some Parting ThoughtsSome Parting Thoughts

The cells that make up our bodies are The cells that make up our bodies are just as alive as we are. just as alive as we are.

Humans are just an intricately Humans are just an intricately designed community of cells, which designed community of cells, which must work together to survive.must work together to survive.

They are cells coming rub off and They are cells coming rub off and cells that are coming apart.cells that are coming apart.

That is the cycle of cell.That is the cycle of cell.