Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13
-
Upload
brian-brady -
Category
Documents
-
view
41 -
download
4
description
Transcript of Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13
![Page 1: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Abiotic Origin of Cells, Cell Theory and Tour of the Cell
“Big Idea” Question: How did MASSIVE eukaryotic cells evolve from smaller ancestral prokaryotic cells?
![Page 2: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Review: Can you identify the macromolecules?
(and what are the names of their components?)
![Page 3: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Cell Theory and A Tour of the Cell
! I. Review macromolecules ! II. Early Earth, the Origin of Life, and the RNA
World ! III. Cell Theory ! IV. A Tour of the Cell
![Page 4: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Earth’s Early Atmosphere
CH4 CH4
![Page 5: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Stromatolites
![Page 6: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Pioneers in Cell Biology: Louis Pasteur
![Page 7: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
How Did Life Originate?
! Four stages: ! Abiotic synthesis of small organic molecules ! Joining these small molecules into macromolecule
polymers. ! Packaging molecules into “protobionts.” ! Origin of self-replicating molecules that make
inheritance possible.
! What is the physical evidence?
![Page 8: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Experiments in the Origin of Life: Stanley Miller
Stage 1. Abiotically synthesized amino acids from simple molecules found in Earth’s early atmosphere.
![Page 9: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Stage 2: Synthesis of polymers
Simple polymers like polypeptides of amino acids may have formed by dehydration synthesis on hot sand or clay and been washed back out by tides.
![Page 10: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Simple spheres of lipids may have been the first
cell-like structures.
Stage 3: Packaging macromolecules into “protobionts”
![Page 11: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Stage 4: Origin of Self-replicating molecules that make inheritance
possible.
![Page 12: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
How could these four stages have resulted in life?
Simple macromolecules and genetic material that can be copied and inherited packaged into a simple lipid membrane fulfills the requirements of a simple cell.
![Page 13: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The cell: a minimalist view
! “Must haves:” ! A plasma membrane- delimiting boundary that
allow some passage of substances ! Genetic material- “the blueprint instructions” ! Ribosomes- The machinery that does the
building.
![Page 14: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Pioneers in Cell Biology: Robert Hooke
![Page 15: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Robert Hooke’s Microscope vs. the Modern Microscope
![Page 16: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Pioneers in Cell Biology: Antony van Leeuwenhoek
![Page 17: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Schleiden and Schwann
![Page 18: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
!"##$%&"'()$
1. All organisms are made of cells. 2. Cells are the structural and
functional units of life. 3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
![Page 19: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Tour of the Cell
![Page 20: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Why are cells so small?
![Page 21: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Eukaryotic Cells are MARVELS of Compartmentalization
![Page 22: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
A Plant Cell vs. Animal Cell
![Page 23: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The Nucleus
![Page 24: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
The Endomembrane System
![Page 25: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Endomembrane System: Endoplasmic Reticulum
![Page 26: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
The Endomembrane System: The Golgi Apparatus
! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rvfvRgk0MfA
![Page 27: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
The Endomembrane System: Lysosomes
![Page 28: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
The Endomembrane System: Review Video in your disk that came with the book!
![Page 29: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Lysosome Formation
![Page 30: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Vacuoles
![Page 31: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
The Energy Converters: Chloroplasts
![Page 32: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
The Energy Converters: Mitochondria
![Page 33: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
The cytoskeleton!!!
1. How do you provide structural integrity to the insides of a cell?
2. How can you provide SHAPE to a cell?
3. How can you MOVE stuff around inside of a cell?
4. How can you make a cell MOBILE?
![Page 34: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
What IS the cytoskeleton?
![Page 35: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Cytoskeleton: participates in cell division!
http://www.youtube.com/v/P7m3WfzgZdI
![Page 36: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Actin Microfilaments enable cells to move.
http://www.youtube.com/v/WAjeMV4Lkmw
![Page 37: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Motor proteins carry their cargo and “walk” along microtubule “tracks”
http://www.youtube.com/v/4AnPVuzF7CA
![Page 38: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
How do cilia and flagella work?
http://www.youtube.com/v/ZQpx9s58xY8
![Page 39: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Cell surfaces PROTECT, SUPPORT, and JOIN cells
Plant Cells
Animal Cells
![Page 40: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Four Functional Categories of Eukaryotic Organelles
1. Manufacturing 2. Breakdown
3. Energy Converting 4. Support, Movement & Communication
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosomes
c. Rough ER
d. Smooth ER
e. Golgi Apparatus
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Vacuoles
a. Chloroplasts
b. Mitochondria
a. Cytoskeleton
b. Cell Walls
c. Extracellular Matrix
d. Cell Junctions
![Page 41: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Which of the following is NOT a stage that could have resulted in the abiotic origin of cellular life?
A. Abiotic synthesis of small organic molecules B. Joining these small molecules into macromolecule
polymers. C. Spontaneous generation of animals from inorganic
material D. Packaging molecules into “protobionts.” E. Origin of self-replicating molecules that make
inheritance possible.
![Page 42: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Eukaryotic cells are distinct from prokaryotic cells in that…
A. They contain genetic material B. They are able to metabolize food into energy C. They possess internalized membranes D. They possess ribosomes
![Page 43: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton?
A. Provide shape and support for the cell. B. Convert energy from one form into another. C. Make the cell mobile. D. Participate in cell division.
![Page 44: Cell Theory and Tour of Cell Sp'13](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051820/553eb0094a795958148b45ce/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Which of the following best summarizes the function of the
endomembrane system?
A. Enables a cell to be mobile. B. Provides support, and a means for
communication with other cells. C. Finishes proteins for secretion or functions in
the plasma membrane or inside other organelles.
D. The primary means by which messenger RNAs are translated into functional proteins.