Cell Cycle, Cell Cell Cycle, Cell Differentiation, & GMOsDifferentiation, & GMOs

Hot SeatHot Seat

If an organism reproduces If an organism reproduces asexually, its offspring will most asexually, its offspring will most

likely belikely beA.A. Genetically identical to the parentGenetically identical to the parent

B.B. Genetically different from each Genetically different from each otherother

C.C. produced as a result produced as a result of fertilizationof fertilization

D.D. produced from specialized cells produced from specialized cells known as gametes known as gametes

Sequence the stages of the Sequence the stages of the cell cycle.cell cycle.

AA BB CC DD EE

Sequence the stages of the Sequence the stages of the cell cycle.cell cycle.

DD BB AA EE CC

Sequence the stages of the Sequence the stages of the cell cycle shown below. cell cycle shown below.

A.

E.D.

C.

B.

Sequence the stages of the cell Sequence the stages of the cell cycle shown below. (Answer = cycle shown below. (Answer =

E,B,D,C,A)E,B,D,C,A)

A.

E. D. C.B.

Sequence the StagesSequence the Stages

Sequence the StagesSequence the Stages

During what stage of the cell cycle is During what stage of the cell cycle is the DNA copied?the DNA copied?

A.A. G1G1

B.B. SS

C.C. G2G2

D.D. MM

Once mitosis and cytokinesis are Once mitosis and cytokinesis are complete, what part of the cell cycle complete, what part of the cell cycle do the daughter cells enter?do the daughter cells enter?

A.A. G1G1

B.B. SS

C.C. G2G2

D.D. MM

During which phase of the cell cycle During which phase of the cell cycle does a cell grow and prepare for does a cell grow and prepare for mitosis?mitosis?

A.A.G1G1

B.B.SS

C.C.G2G2

D.D.MM

During which phase of the cell cycle During which phase of the cell cycle does a cell grow and add organelles?does a cell grow and add organelles?

A.A.G1G1

B.B.SS

C.C.G2G2

D.D.MM

The uncontrolled division of certain body The uncontrolled division of certain body cells, which then invade the surrounding cells, which then invade the surrounding tissues and interfere with the normal tissues and interfere with the normal functioning of the body, is known asfunctioning of the body, is known as

A.A.cancercancer

B.B.mitosismitosis

C.C.cytokinesiscytokinesis

D.D.CleavageCleavage

If a cell is not dividing, where will it be If a cell is not dividing, where will it be in the cell cycle?in the cell cycle?

A.A. G0G0

B.B. G1G1

C.C. SS

D.D. G2G2

Which type of cell has the potential to Which type of cell has the potential to produce any type of specialized cell?produce any type of specialized cell?

stem cellsstem cells

When unspecialized stem cells give When unspecialized stem cells give rise to specialized cells, what is this rise to specialized cells, what is this

process called? process called?

A.A. DifferentiationDifferentiation

B.B. OsmosisOsmosis

C.C. MitosisMitosis

D.D. Meiosis Meiosis

A liver cell and a skin cell from the A liver cell and a skin cell from the same person have the samesame person have the same

Organelles Organelles DNADNA FunctionFunction Shape Shape

What makes stem cells different from What makes stem cells different from other cells in the body?other cells in the body?

A.A. They are larger than other cells, and They are larger than other cells, and can absorb broken cells to repair them. can absorb broken cells to repair them.

B.B. They repair cells by breaking open and They repair cells by breaking open and making their cell parts available for making their cell parts available for absorption into other cells. absorption into other cells.

C.C. They are undifferentiated cells that can They are undifferentiated cells that can turn into a number of different kinds of turn into a number of different kinds of cells, as needed. cells, as needed.

Which of the following is Which of the following is mitosis mitosis notnot used for? used for?

A.A. Repair (of a wound) in multicellular Repair (of a wound) in multicellular organismsorganisms

B.B. Asexual reproduction in unicellular Asexual reproduction in unicellular organismsorganisms

C.C. Development (e.g., baby in mother's Development (e.g., baby in mother's womb)womb)

D.D. Production of gametes (sperm and egg)Production of gametes (sperm and egg)

E.E. All of the above use mitosis All of the above use mitosis

The stage of the cell cycle where each chromosome is composed of two

chromatids in preparation for mitosis.

A.A. G1G1

B.B. SS

C.C. G2G2

D.D. MM

During _______ both the contents of the During _______ both the contents of the nucleus and the cytoplasm are divided. nucleus and the cytoplasm are divided.

A.A. G1G1

B.B. SS

C.C. G2G2

D.D. MM

A cell has 5 chromosomes in G1. How many chromosomes will the cell have after it has completed the S phase?

A.A. 55

B.B. 1010

C.C. 1515

D.D. 2020

A cell with 46 chromosomes in the G1 A cell with 46 chromosomes in the G1 phase undergoes MITOSIS. Which of phase undergoes MITOSIS. Which of

these statements is true?these statements is true?

A.A. 4 daughter cells will be created and each 4 daughter cells will be created and each daughter cell will have 23 chromosomes.daughter cell will have 23 chromosomes.

B.B. 2 daughter cells will be created and each 2 daughter cells will be created and each daughter cell will have 46 chromosomes.daughter cell will have 46 chromosomes.

C.C. 4 daughter cells will be created and each 4 daughter cells will be created and each daughter cell will have 46 chromosomes.daughter cell will have 46 chromosomes.

D.D. 2 daughter cells will be created and each 2 daughter cells will be created and each daughter cell will have 23 chromosomes.daughter cell will have 23 chromosomes.

Which of the following Which of the following represents the correct order represents the correct order

of the phases of mitosis? of the phases of mitosis? A)A) prophase -> anaphase -> metaphase -> prophase -> anaphase -> metaphase ->

telophase telophase B)B) prophase -> metaphase -> anaphase -> prophase -> metaphase -> anaphase ->

telophase telophase C)C) prophase -> metaphase -> telophase -> prophase -> metaphase -> telophase ->

anaphase anaphase D)D) metaphase -> prophase -> telophase -> metaphase -> prophase -> telophase ->

anaphase anaphase E)E) metaphase -> prophase -> anaphase -> metaphase -> prophase -> anaphase ->

telophasetelophase

A cell with 10 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many daughter cells are

created? ___ Each daughter cell has ___ chromosomes.

2, 10 10, 2 1, 10 2, 20

Each chromosome consists Each chromosome consists of 2 _____.of 2 _____.

cellscells chromatidschromatids daughter cellsdaughter cells CentriolesCentrioles

The process of mitosis The process of mitosis ensures that:ensures that:

each new cell is genetically different each new cell is genetically different from its parentfrom its parent

each new cell receives the proper each new cell receives the proper number of chromosomesnumber of chromosomes

cells will divide at the appropriate cells will divide at the appropriate timetime

DNA is replicated without errorsDNA is replicated without errors

During which phase of mitosis During which phase of mitosis does the chromatin begin to does the chromatin begin to

condense to form the condense to form the chromosomes?chromosomes? anaphase anaphase

metaphase metaphase interphase interphase prophaseprophase

Which of the following phases of Which of the following phases of mitosis is mitosis is notnot matched with one of matched with one of

the activities that occur during the activities that occur during that phase:that phase:

A.A. prophase: chromosomes replicate prophase: chromosomes replicate (copy) (copy)

B.B. telophase: cytokinesis beginstelophase: cytokinesis beginsC.C. metaphase: chromosomes line up in metaphase: chromosomes line up in

the center of the cell the center of the cell D.D. anaphase: chromatids separateanaphase: chromatids separate

Which of the following Which of the following describes cancer?describes cancer?

A.A. Group of cells that grow and divideGroup of cells that grow and divide

B.B. Tumors that are present in vital Tumors that are present in vital organsorgans

C.C. Cells that divide uncontrollablyCells that divide uncontrollably

D.D. Discolored cells that are infected Discolored cells that are infected with bacteriawith bacteria

Which stage results in two Which stage results in two daughter cells?daughter cells?

In which stage do the In which stage do the spindle fibers align the spindle fibers align the

sister chromatids along the sister chromatids along the center of the cell?center of the cell?

In which stage are sister In which stage are sister chromatids pulled to apart chromatids pulled to apart

by the spindle fibers?by the spindle fibers?

In which stage does In which stage does chromatin condense into chromatin condense into

chromosomes?chromosomes?

The pinching off of the cell membrane The pinching off of the cell membrane that creates two daughter cells is that creates two daughter cells is

calledcalled

A.A. InterphaseInterphase

B.B. AnaphaseAnaphase

C.C. CytokinesisCytokinesis

D.D. differentiationdifferentiation

Which of these cells in the Which of these cells in the human body, when mature, do human body, when mature, do

not divide?not divide?A.A. Liver Liver

B.B. SkinSkin

C.C. NerveNerve

D.D. BloodBlood

In 1994 a new tomato variety that ripens slowly was In 1994 a new tomato variety that ripens slowly was developed in the laboratory. This new variety of developed in the laboratory. This new variety of

tomato contains a section of DNA not found in the tomato contains a section of DNA not found in the tomato from which it was developed. This is an tomato from which it was developed. This is an

example of a(n) example of a(n)

A.A. invasive speciesinvasive species

B.B. differentiated celldifferentiated cell

C.C. genetically modified organismgenetically modified organism

D.D. stem cell organismstem cell organism

True or False. Stem cells typically give rise to the True or False. Stem cells typically give rise to the type of cell the correlates to the tissue in which type of cell the correlates to the tissue in which

they reside. (For example, a stem cell located in the they reside. (For example, a stem cell located in the bone marrow will differentiate into any number of bone marrow will differentiate into any number of

different blood cells.) different blood cells.) TRUETRUE

Which sequence of the cell Which sequence of the cell cycle is common to cycle is common to

eukaryotes?eukaryotes?A.A. G1 G1 G2 G2 S S M M cytokinesis cytokinesis

B.B. G2 G2 G1 G1 S S M M cytokinesis cytokinesis

C.C. G1 G1 S S G2 G2 M M cytokinesis cytokinesis

D.D. M M G2 G2 G1 G1 S S cytokinesis cytokinesis

The diagrams at the below represent The diagrams at the below represent stages of a cellular process. Which is stages of a cellular process. Which is

the correct sequence of these stages? the correct sequence of these stages? A.A. B--> D--> C--> A B--> D--> C--> A

B.B. D--> B--> A--> C D--> B--> A--> C

C.C. A--> B--> C--> D A--> B--> C--> D

D.D. C--> B--> D--> A C--> B--> D--> A