Cell communication processes share common features that...
Transcript of Cell communication processes share common features that...
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INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION.
Cell communication processes share common features that reflect a shared evolutionary history.
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How Does Communication Happen?Communication requires the generation, transmission, and reception of a signal.
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In cellular systems, signals are generally chemical molecules (e.g. hormones), but can also include direct detection of environmental conditions (e.g. light).
Pathways involved in communication are called “signal transduction pathways”.
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Signal Transduction is UniversalAll organisms have signal transduction pathways.
The protein-based nature of signal transduction, along with its adaptive significance makes signal transduction a major area of evolution.
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Unicellular Signaling PathwaysSignaling pathways allow unicellular organisms to receive information from the environment and respond to that information.
Ex. Quorum Sensing
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Multicellular Signaling PathwaysSignaling pathways allow multicellular organisms to receive information, and coordinate all of the cells of the organism in responding to that information
Ex. Epinephrine Signaling
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TYPES OF CELLULAR SIGNALS
Cells communicate with each other through direct contact with other cells or from a distance via chemical signaling
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Cellular Communication always involves the production, exchange, and receipt of chemical messages (“ligands”)
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There are a variety of ways that ligands can be exchanged between cells
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Cell-Cell Contact
Exactly what it sounds like.
Ex. Lymphocyte Communication
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Cell-Cell Contact
Ex. Communication via Plasmodesmata
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Ligands are produced by cells and diffuse to local target cell populations.
Ex. Neurotransmitters
Local Signaling
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Ex. Immune System Signaling
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Endocrine system: The production of hormones by glands, which travel through the circulatory system to reach target cells.
Ex. Insulin/Glucagon
Distance Signaling
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Ex. Human Growth hormone
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Ex. Sex Hormones
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