CEE 795 Water Resources Modeling and GIS
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Transcript of CEE 795 Water Resources Modeling and GIS
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CEE 795Water Resources Modeling and GIS
Learning Objectives:• Describe a Network model• Identify Flow in a network model• Develop a hydrologic network• Perform linear referencing on networks
Handouts: Assignments:Exercise #5
Lecture 6: Flow Networks in GIS (ArcHydro)(some material from Dr. David Maidment, University of Texas, Dr. David
Tarboton, Utah State University, and Dr. Franciso Olivera)February 22, 2006
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Hydro Networks in GIS
• Network model• Flow on Networks• Hydrologic networks• Linear referencing on networks
Some slides in this presentation were prepared by Dr Francisco Olivera
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National Hydrography Dataset
Five feature classes withNHDFLowline built intoA geometric network
NHDPoint, NHDLine,NHDArea are point, lineand area water features on map apart from flowlinesand waterbodies
Key feature classes
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National Hydrography Dataset
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NHD Waterbody
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NHD Geometric Network
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Streams
Watersheds Waterbody
Hydro Points
Arc Hydro Framework Input Data
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Feature
Waterbody
HydroIDHydroCodeFTypeNameAreaSqKmJunctionID
HydroPoint
HydroIDHydroCodeFTypeNameJunctionID
WatershedHydroIDHydroCodeDrainIDAreaSqKmJunctionIDNextDownID
ComplexEdgeFeature
EdgeType
Flowline
Shoreline
HydroEdge
HydroIDHydroCodeReachCodeNameLengthKmLengthDownFlowDirFTypeEdgeTypeEnabled
SimpleJunctionFeature
1HydroJunction
HydroIDHydroCodeNextDownIDLengthDownDrainAreaFTypeEnabledAncillaryRole
*
1
*
HydroNetwork
*
HydroJunction
HydroIDHydroCodeNextDownIDLengthDownDrainAreaFTypeEnabledAncillaryRole
HydroJunction
HydroIDHydroCodeNextDownIDLengthDownDrainAreaFTypeEnabledAncillaryRole
Arc Hydro FrameworkData Model
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Hydro Network(NHD)
Basins Waterbody(NHD)
Arc Hydro Framework For South Florida
Hydro Points
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Network Definition• A network is a set of edges and junctions that are
topologically connected to each other.
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Network Model in GIS
• Three components– Geometric model: (x,y,z,m) coordinates of
edges and junctions– Logical model: which edges are connected to
what junctions– Addressing model: location on the network
using measure
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Edges and Junctions
• Simple feature classes: points and lines• Network feature classes: junctions and edges• Edges can be
– Simple: one attribute record for a single edge– Complex: one attribute record for several edges in a
linear sequence
• A single edge cannot be branched
No!!
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Polylines and Edges
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Junctions
• Junctions exist at all points where edges join– If necessary they are added during network
building (generic junctions)• Junctions can be placed on the interior of an
edge e.g. stream gage• Any number of point feature classes can be
built into junctions on a single network
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Connectivity Table
J124
J125
J123J126
E1 E3
E2J123 J124, E1
J124 J123, E1 J125, E2 J126, E3
J125 J124, E2
J126 J124, E3
Junction Adjacent Junction and Edge
This is the “Logical Network”
p. 132 of Modeling our World
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Build Network Tables•Establishes connectivity of Edge and Junction features
•Enables tracing
•Generates Generic Junctions
Geometric Network Wizard in ArcCatalog
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Snapping Features
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Network Sources and Sinks
Each junctionfeature classin a network can have junctionswhich are sourcesor sinks for flow
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Flow to a sink
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Flags
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Trace Solvers
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Upstream Trace Solvers
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Flow LineTraces movement of water in a one-dimensional flow system
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Location of the Flowline
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Introduction to the Hydro Network
• Hydro Edge – think of Arc
• Hydro Junction – think of Node
• Waterbody – think of Polygon
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Flow NetworkA connected set of flow edges
EdgeJunction
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Hydro Network for Holland
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Guadalupe Basin Framework Dataset
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Network Tracing on the Guadalupe Basin
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Schematic Network
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Connecting Waterbodies using Relationships
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Hydro Network through Canyon Lake
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Linking Canyon Lake to the Network
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Connecting Drainage Areas using Relationships
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Connecting Drainage Areas to the Network
Area goes topoint on line
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Linear Referencing
Where are we on a line?
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My Streams are really long…
Use ReachID to link many Hydro Edges together into one River
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Addressing
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Coordinates of a 2-D Polyline
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Coordinates of a 2-D Polyline M
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Setting Line Measure
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Proportional Aliasing
Distance is measured Relative to the length of the line as a percentage0% – 100%
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Setting Percent Measure
pMSeg.SetAndInterpolateMsBetween 0, 100
pMSeg.SetAndInterpolateMsBetween 100, 0
0 – 100 going upstream 0 – 100 going downstream
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Distances from Upper End in Meters
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0%
100%
Percent distance frombottom end of reach
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Measure in kilometers
pMSeg.SetAndInterpolateMsBetween 0, ([Shape_Length] /1000)
Measure in km frombottom end of line(like river miles or Kilometers)
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Point and Line Events
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Displaying Events