CeBIT Spatial@gov 2012 - Paul Box, Research Team Leader, CSIRO

CSIRO DIGITAL PRODUCTIVITY AND SERVICES FLAGSHIP

Exploiting the UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference

Framework (SIRF) in Australia:

Innovations and Policy Implications

Canberra, 20 - 22 November 2012

Paul Box, Rob Atkinson, David Lemon & Laura Kostanski

CSIRO

Overview

• Why? – project drivers

• What? – the solution

• Where? – Indonesia and Australia

• How? – Innovations

• Where next? - Policy implications

UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box 2 |

The problem

• Large scale complex interwoven challenges

• ‘Big data’ - the information tsunami

• ‘Glocalisation’

• Rapid Information integration

• Highly spatially & temporally

variable phenomena

Over the next

decade, the number

of "files,“ or containers

for Information will grow by (source: EMC)

75x

(Source: EMC)

3 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box

• Multi-sectoral information

• Reliable

• Uptodate

• Timely

• Integrated

• Useable

Social Protection in Indonesia

1United Nations Research Institute For Social Development

Social Protectionpreventing, managing, and overcoming situations that

adversely affect people’s well being[1]

- policies & programs to reduce poverty / vulnerability

- reducing exposure, enhancing capacity to manage risks


Integration realities - Information Silos

System

1

System

2

System

3

System

5System

4

System

n

System

7

$$

$$$

$ $

Discover Access Understand Extract, Transform, Load

Use

Time and effort

Everything

Happens Somewhere


Spatial identifiers describe ‘the Somewhere’

Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)

• Fundamental component of spatial datasets

• Used to reference data

Geospatial information

BPS-ID Name GER ‘08 Tpop’10

003 Nusa Tenggara Barat 111.08 1,318,840

005 Nusa Tenggara Timur 112.09 335,805

Statistical information

(Implicitly geospatial)Spatial

identifiers

Bureau of Stats - 003

West Nusa Tenggara


One real world feature - multiple representations

Multiple - names, identifiers, geometries, versions

Geospatial information

UNSTATS Name GRP’08 $

IND03 NTB 8,080

IND05 NTT 4,769

BPS-ID Name GER ‘08 Tpop’10

003 Nusa Tenggara Barat 111.08 1,318,840

005 Nusa Tenggara Timur 112.09 335,805

Statistical information

(Implicitly geospatial)Spatial

Identifier

Reference

FrameworkGazetteer ID - 002234

Bureau of Stats - 003

Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)


Gazetteer – a special case of Spatial Identifier

GAZETTEERID, placename(s), feature type, location

• Official list of names

• Related to mapping process (toponymic)

• Used for map lookup

• Names are ambiguous

• One name – many places

• One place - many names

• Australia, Australie, أستراليا

• Wollongong, ‘the gong’

• Sydney, City of Sydney

Melbourne – locality – Victorian Gazetteer –Official

Melbourne – municipal council boundaries – official

Foundation spatial

data themes

Spatial Identifiers – an index for SDI

• Addressing

• Administrative Boundaries

• Positioning

• Place Names

• Land parcel & Property

• Imagery

• Transport

• Water

• Elevation and Depth

• Land cover

SPATIAL IDENTIFIER SETS

Post codes, locality names

Admin area codes/names

Trig points

Gazetteer

Plots and Parcels

Image tile index

Roads and Bridges

AHGF (Geofabric) features

Sensor networks

Cell towers


• Overlap and duplication

• Heterogeneity – everyone does them differently

• Fragile, unreliable

• Limited access mechanisms

• Used out of context

• Disconnected from underlying geospatial data

• Limited metadata provenance/authority

Spatial identifiers


• Infrastructure to register, link, and deliver spatial identifiers

The solution

Discover Access Understand Extract, Transform, Load

Use

Time and effort

Discover Access,

Understand

Extract Transform Load Use

Spatial Identifier Reference Framework fundamental, systemic improvement in information

integration, enabling more effective and cost-efficient service

delivery

• Leverage national SDI efforts• Governance

• Information

• Technologies

Provide

stable SI Link

multiple

repsLink

information

resource


SIRF – spatial identifiers for the geo-semantic web

SIRF

Spatial

Information

Statistical

InformationUser

Linked Linked

Data Data

WebWeb

Regional Spatial Data

Infrastructure

National

Spatial Data

Infrastructure

6. Enable seamless integration of

statistical and spatial information

in Linked Data Web

Harvest /index

Agency B

Treasury

API

Agency C

Welfare

API

Agency A

Statistics

API

1. Harvest spatial identifiers from

geospatial data sets

2. Mint identifiers and build cross-

walks

3. Deliver as URI identifiers into

the Linked Data Web and back to

SDI (standard interfaces)

4. Users access ’Spatial

Bookmarks’ & can connect back

to underlying data

5. Downloaded & embedded in

system to reference statistical

information

Publish

http://id.data.gov.au/id/AusGaz2010/ NSW56500


UNSDI Gazetteer for Social Protection in Indonesia

In Indonesia • Badan Informasi Geospasial (BIG)

• Ina SDI - ESRI geoportal

• Harvesting

• Publishing into InaSDI portal

• OpenStreetMap

In Australia• OSP, GA, CGNA, ANDS

• MyMaps Australia Gazetteer

Globally• UNSDI

• UNGEGN

Where are we SIRFing?


Innovation – the right information….

• Common reference – unambiguously reference a place using URI

• Granularity - moving from dataset to feature level

– Better discover, explore, understand then download/use the bits you need


“Linking Open Data cloud diagram, by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch. http://lod-cloud.net/”

Innovation – delivered in the right way

• Linked data

• ‘spatial bookmarks’ for the web

• Interwoven feature level metadata with data - authority, licence,

• The role of spatial identifiers to link information

• SI as index to underlying data in SDI

• Linking multiple representations of the same real world feature

• Linking information to locations across systems


Innovation – handling the social dimension

• Linking - not choosing a winner

• Registering and cross walking

• Evolution not revolution

• Providers – no need to change underlying

business process/systems

• Users – continue to use preferred SI sets

• Convergence

• Building a social network graph of information resources

• FOAF graph of info resources and their usage

• The power of the crowd


Key enablers – Openness

• Open data• ‘freemium’ for spatial identifiers

PLUS

• Links to underlying data

• With various price & licence models

• Open standards

• Open source software

• Open Government Indonesia• Innovating

• Working with the crowd

• A legislative framework


Implications for spatial policy and practice• Openness

• Governance – to steer or row

• Policy (legal?) framework

• Community behaviour – tin hugging, information modelling & design for reuse

• Formal and informal (VGI data sources)

• Linked data - Spatial feature identifier governance

• Information custodianship and access

• From supply to demand driven information

• Stability and predictability - improved change management

• Engaging with the broader community

• Identity not geometry

‘Thinking outside the polygon’


DIGITAL PRODUCTIVITY AND SERVICES FLAGSHIP

Thank you

CeBIT Spatial@gov 2012 - Paul Box, Research Team Leader, CSIRO

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