Commercial Data Processing

Mr Arthur

1. Aims of the Lesson

1. What is CDP?

2. Advantages of using computers

3. Data V Information

4. The Data Processing Cycle

What is CDP?

CDP is the processing of large volumes of data, using large Mainframe Computer systems

CDP requires a Mainframe and Terminals Examples

Airlines Supermarket National Lottery

Advantages of CDP

Orders processed faster than manual system Errors are less likely Easy to hold customer information Direct mailings can be sent to customers

Data V Information

Information has a meaning for example 15th of February 2007

Data does not mean anything, for example 15022007

Information (for people) = data (for computers) with a meaning

Data Collection and Data Preparation

The first stage is to collect the data that is to be processed.

This data is then prepared in such a way that the computer can understand it

Examples = Order Forms/Lottery tickets

Data Collection Methods Bar Codes

Mark Sense Cards

Magnetic Stripe

Country Manufacturer Product

Check Digit

Data Collection Methods

Smart Cards

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition

Data Processing Cycle

Data Collection Data Collection and Data and Data PreparationPreparation

Data InputData Input

Data Data Processing and Processing and StorageStorage

Data outputData output

Data Input - Bar Codes

A bar code is a set of lines of varying widths which can be read by passing a bar code reader across them.

Data Input - Mark Sense Cards Mark Sense cards are cards divided into

columns that allow spaces for marking with a pencil line. The marks are then read automatically by a computer

Examples Lottery cards/Multiple Choice exam

papers/Hospital Food Ordering

Magnetic Stripe

A magnetic stripe is a narrow band of magnetic material on which data is held

This stripe can hold 64 characters of data

Examples University registration cards Esporta access card Blood donor card

Smart Cards A smart card has its own processor, and is able

to store much more information than fits on a magnetic stripe

May have between 16-64 kilobytes of data Examples

Store loyalty cards Chip and pin debit cards Store cards

Character Recognition

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition Characters are printed in Magnetic Ink, for example, at the

bottom of a cheque When a cheque is paid in, a magnetic ink character reader is

used to input the information to the computer system Optical Character Recognition

Optical Character Recognition is where a device reads characters directly into a computer like a scanner

Revision of CDP

1. What is Commercial Data Processing?• Using computer systems to handle large amounts of data

2. Examples of CDP• Supermarkets/Banks/National Lottery

3. What are the advantages of using computers to process data rather than humans

• Orders processed faster• Less Errors• Easier to hold customer information

4. Data V Information• Data has no meaning e.g 18011981• Information has a meaning e.g 18th January 1981

Revision of CDP

5. The Data Processing Cycle1. Data Collection and Preparation

2. Data Input

3. Data Processing

4. Data Output

6. Different Methods of Data Collection Barcodes Magnetic Stripe cards Smart cards Mark sense cards Magnetic Ink Character Recognition

Making Sure Data is Correct Verification

Checking that the data has been entered correctly Entering the same data twice is a way of verifying

data Validation (Remember input validation)

Checking that the data is sensible and accurate Is 31/14/2007 valid??? Check Digits

Adding an extra digit at the end of a number to make sure it has been entered correctly

Range checks Checking the age is within a certain range

Keywords in CDP

1. Interactive processing• When data is processed as it is entered for

example in a Travel Agent2. Multi-user Database

• A database that can be accessed by many different users at the same time

3. Mainframe• A large powerful computer system that can process a

large amount of data very quickly

4. Terminal • A keyboard and screen connected to the mainframe.

There may be hundreds of terminals connected to the mainframe (Visual Display Unit)

Job Types

1. Open up Powerpoint and complete a slideshow on the following job types.

2. Programmer

3. System Analyst

4. Network Manager

5. Computer Engineer

What we have covered so far!

1. What is CDP?2. Hardware Required

1. Mainframe/Terminals

3. Advantages of using computers

4. Data V Information5. The Data Processing Cycle6. Data Input Method

Bar Code Smart card Magnetic Stripe Card MICR Mark Sense Card

7. Checking Data is entered correctly

1. Validation1. Range Check2. Check Digit

2. Verification

8. CDP Keywords1. Interactive Processing2. Multi-user databases

What we have still to cover

1. Job Types1. Systems Analyst2. Programmer3. Network Manager4. Computer Engineer

2. E-Commerce Online shopping Online Banking

3. Paying for Goods in CDP Electronic Funds Transfer Electronic Point of Sale

4. Economic implications of CDP

Job Types

Systems Analyst Looks at the current manual system Plan how computer systems can be used to help the

company Write a reports outlining the benefit of computer based

system Network Manager

Person in charge of the network Concerned with day-to-day running of network Issuing passwords Giving people different levels of access Disciplining network misuse

Job Types

Programmer The programmer writes programs for the company Possibly checks if commercial software is available

to buy Finds “bugs” or errors in the program Makes changes to current software

Computer Engineer Installs new computer systems Inspects and repairs current computer systems Gives timescales on fixing problems

What you need to know!!

E-commerce On-line shopping On-line banking Advantages for Companies Advantages for Customers

EFT EFTPOS

Advantages/Disadvantages

E-Commerce/Online Shopping

E-Commerce = buying and selling goods on the internet and transferring the money within online banks

Examples: EBAY Amazon play.com dell.com prodirectsoccer.com

Advantages for Companies

Open for business 24 hours a day Can lower the costs of products

cost of 1 online shop V 25 high street outlets

Impulse purchases = customers may be tempted to buy more

Advantages for Customers

Can shop from the comfort of your home You can easily compare prices from sellers Possibly cheaper Shop 24/7 Customers can track orders Change product specifications and see price

changes

What we have covered so far!1. What is CDP?2. Hardware Required

1. Mainframe/Terminals3. Advantages of using

computers4. Data V Information5. The Data Processing Cycle6. Data Input Method

Bar Code Smart card Magnetic Stripe Card MICR Mark Sense Card

7. Checking Data is entered correctly

1. Validation1. Range Check2. Check Digit

2. Verification

8. CDP Keywords1. Interactive Processing2. Multi-user databases

9. Job Types1. Programmer2. Systems Analyst3. Network Manager4. Computer Engineer

10. E-Commerce1. Online Shopping

1. Adv for Company/Customer2. Disadvantages

Disadvantages of Online Shopping

Fraud = people kidding on they are you! Less social = you don’t speak to

anyone! Only accessible to those with

computers Could lead to fewer shops Don’t see the product before you buy it!

Final CDP Lesson

1. Online banking1. Advantages for Banks

2. Advantages for Customers

2. Paying for Goods in CDP1. POS

2. EPOS

3. EFT

4. EFTPOS

Online Banking

Transferring money, setting up standing order and direct debits on the internet

Advantages for Banks Lower staff and building costs Less cash handling

Advantages for customers Customer does not need to leave the house and can

bank 24/7 Possibly better interest rates

POS/EPOS

Point of Sale (EPOS?) This is where the customer pays for the

goods, for example, the checkout

Advantages of EPOS Faster to process customers at

checkout Customer gets itemised receipt Manager of store can keep a record of

what items are sold Easy to reduce price of items

EFTPOS

Electronic Funds Transfer Is a way you can pay for goods without

using cash. The money is transferred straight from

you bank account to company’s bank account

EFTPOS This is when money is authorised to be

debited from a customer’s bank account at the checkout terminal using a smart card

Other Implications

Initial Costs = the money to set up the system Management Information = the info the

manager gets from the system that he uses to analyse sales figures and plan promotions

What we have covered so far!1. What is CDP?2. Hardware Required

1. Mainframe/Terminals3. Advantages of using

computers4. Data V Information5. The Data Processing Cycle6. Data Input Method

Bar Code Smart card Magnetic Stripe Card MICR Mark Sense Card

7. Checking Data is entered correctly

1. Validation1. Range Check2. Check Digit

2. Verification

8. CDP Keywords1. Interactive Processing2. Multi-user databases3. Management Information

9. Job Types1. Programmer2. Systems Analyst3. Network Manager4. Computer Engineer

10. E-Commerce1. Online Shopping

1. Adv for Company/Customer2. Disadvantages

2. Online banking11. Paying for Goods

1. Point of Sale2. Electronic Point of Sale3. Electronic Funds Transfer4. EFTPOS