CCNA point to point

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2- Point To Point

2.1 Point To Point Protocol

2.2 Point To Point Protocol Configuration & Troubleshooting


2.1 Point To Point Protocol


POINT TO POINT PROTOCOL OVERVIEW

• Data link (Layer-2) protocol used to

establish a direct connection between two

nodes

• Can provide connection authentication,

transmission encryption and compression

• Used over many types of physical networks

including serial cable, phone line, cellular

telephone, fiber optic links etc.


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POINT TO POINT PROTOCOL OVERVIEW (cont)

• Supports PAP & CHAP authentication

• Monitors the quality of the link by

"Link Quality Management" feature

and takes the link down If detects too

much errors


MAIN PPP COMPONENTS

• HDLC : Encapsulating the datagrams

• LCP (Link Control Protocol) : Setting up,

maintaining , terminating the link between

devices and handling verying limits on packet

size

• NCPs (Network Control Protocols) :

Establishing and configuring different network

layer protocols (IPv4,IPv6,IPX etc.)


PPP FRAME


ESTABLISHING PPP SESSION – PHASE 1

R1 R2

• Link establishment and configuration negotiation

• LCP opens the connection and negotiates

configuration options

• Finishes when the receiving router sends a

configuration-acknowledgment frame back to the

router initiating the connection.



R1 R2

• Link quality determination (optional)

• LCP tests the link to determine whether the link

quality is sufficient to bring up network layer

protocols



R1 R2

• Network layer protocol configuration negotiation

• After the LCP has finished the link quality

determination phase, the appropriate NCP can

separately configure the network layer protocols, and

bring them up and take them down at any time


2.2 Point To Point Protocol Configuration


PPP CONFIGURATION OPTIONS

• Authentication

• Compression

• Error Detection

• PPP Callback

• Multilink


AUTHENTICATION

• Authentication will be made by PAP

(Password Authentication Protocol) or

CHAP (Challange Handshake

Authentication Protocol)


PAP AUTHENTICATION

• Transmits unencrypted ASCII passwords over the network

• RouterX's parameters are checked on RouterY's local

database. Communication is established If parameters are

matched

RouterXUser : RouterX

Password : Str0ngP4ss RouterY

Accept or Reject Message


CHAP AUTHENTICATION

• RouterY sends a challange message and starts the 3 way

handshake

• RouterX responses with Username & Password

• RouterY compares the parameters on its own local and

accepts / rejects the communication

RouterX

User : RouterX

Password : Str0ngP4ss

RouterY


Challenge

Response


COMPRESSION

• Increases the effective throughput on PPP

connections by reducing the amount of

data in the frame

• Stacker or Predictor protocols


ERROR DETECTION

• Identifies fault conditions

• The Quality and Magic Number options

help ensure a reliable, loop-free data link

• The Magic Number field helps in detecting

links that are in a looped-back condition.

• Magic numbers are generated randomly at

each end of the connection.


PPP CALLBACK

• Security in PPP can be further

augmented with the use of PPP callback

• Instructs the access server to disconnect

the incoming connection after successful

authentication and

re-establish the connection via an

outbound call


MULTILINK

• Used to take multiple PPP links and

'bond' them together, making them act as

a single PPP link

• Provides load balancing

R1 R2E1

E1

2xE1


2.2 Point To Point Protocol Configuration & Troubleshooting


CONFIGURING PPP

Router

s 0/3/1


CONFIGURING PPP MULTILINKRouter R2

Multilink 1s 0/3/0

s 0/3/1


VERIFYING PPP CONFIGURATION

up up

Open


CONFIGURING PAP

RouterXUser : RouterX

Password : Str0ngP4ss RouterY


S 0/3/0S 0/3/0


CONFIGURING CHAP

RouterX

User : RouterX

Password : Str0ngP4ss

RouterY


Challenge

Response

s 0/3/0 s 0/3/0


TROUBLESHOOTING PPP CONNECTION

• Authentication : Displays authentication exchange sequence

• Negotiation : Displays packets during connection establishment

• Packet : Displays PPP packets being sent & received

• Error : Displays protocol errors & error statistics

• Chap : Displays CHAP packet exchanges


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CCNA point to point

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