CCGA Collision Regs 1

8/2/2019 CCGA Collision Regs 1

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CANADIAN COAST GUARD AUXILIARY - PACIFIC

INTERNATIONALREGULATIONS

FORPREVENTING COLLISION AT

SEA


2009


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Collision Regulations


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General Points

Every vessel has a responsibility to avoidcollisions.

If every vessel follows the rules, there cannot

be a collision.

Even if these rules require another vessel tokeep out of your way, you must be ready to

take action yourself. If you are in a collision, you will always be

partly to blame.


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General Points

All actions must be clear, in good time, andlarge enough so other vessels will understandyour intentions.

Generally alterations of course are moreobvious than alterations of speed, but neverhesitate to slow down to give yourself thinkingtime or more room.


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Night Vision

At night keep lighting within your own vesselto a minimum; it preserves your night vision.

Only use spotlights where it is vital to pick upan unlit object (mooring buoys for instance).

Respect other peoples night vision.


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Extra Care at Night

Many navigation aids are unlit, and there aremany other potential hazards, so keep your

speed down.


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CCGA-P Requirements

The CCGA-P requires that at all times:

1. radar, if available, is to be in use, unless

alongside another vessel2. appropriate navigation lights are displayed

3. If in doubt stop, assess, plan



Section I - Rules 4 to10

Conduct of Vessels in Any Type of Visibility



Rule 5 - Lookout

You must keep a good lookout with eyes andears at all times.

This includes poor visibility and nighttime.


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Rule 6 - Safe Speed

You should travel at a speed that gives youadequate time to assess and plan the

manoeuvre to avoid collision. Some of the factors that might cause you to

slow down are:

visibility,

volume of traffic,

background lighting,

water depth


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Rule 7 - Risk of Collision

Frequently assess all the vessels in thevicinity of your vessel to see if they are likely

to come close. If the compass bearing of another vessel

does not change much, i.e. is steady, you areon, or nearly on, a collision course.

A bearing (true or compass) is the ONLY wayto assess risk of collision.


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Rule 8 - Action to Avoid Collision

Any action you now take, must comply withthese rules, and must be obvious to the other

vessel, and result in the two vessels passingwell clear of each other.


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Rule 9 - Narrow Channels

In narrow channels, all vessels should keepto the starboard side of the channel.


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Rule 10 - Traffic Separation

Schemes Traffic shall follow the traffic separation

scheme where one is designated.

Where you are outside it, you should avoid it. If you have to cross it you have to cross it as

near right angles as possible.

A vessel less than 20 metres in length shallnot impede a ship in a separation scheme.


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SchemesGood courses in or near separationschemes


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SchemesBad courses in or near separationschemes


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Section II - Rules 11 to 18

Conduct of Vessels in Sight of One Another


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Collision Regulations

Section II - Conduct of vessels in sight of oneanother

Rule 11 Application

Rule 12 Sailing Vessels

Rule 13 Overtaking Rule 14 Head-on Rule 15 Crossing Situations Rule 16 Action by the Give-way Vessel

Rule 17 Action by the Stand-on Vessel

Rule 18 Responsibilities Between Vessels


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Rule 12 - Sailing Vessels

Wind on different sides

When sailing vesselshave the wind on different

sides, the vessel that hasthe wind on the port sideshall keep out of the wayof the other.

A keeps clear of B.

Wind

A B


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If a sailing vessel with thewind on the port sidesees a sailing vessel towindward and cannotdetermine with certaintywhether the other sailingvessel has the wind onthe port or starboard side,

it shall keep out of theway.


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Wind on the same sides

When both sailingvessels have the wind on

the same side, the vesselwhich is the closest to thewind (windward) shallkeep out of the way of thevessel which is toleeward.

B keeps clear of A.

Wind

B

A


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Rule 13 - Overtaking

This rule overrides all the other give-way rules.

The overtaking vessel (even if sailing) must keep outof the way of the vessel being overtaken.

You can pass on either side of the vessel, but keepwell clear the other vessel may not have seen you.

If you are being overtaken, hold your course andspeed until the other vessel is past and well clear.


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Rule 14 - Head on

Both vessels must alter course to starboard.

If the other vessel turns the wrong way, you shouldturn even more to starboard, slow down, or stopyour vessel.


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Rule 15 - Crossing Situation

If the other vessel is on your starboard side it has right ofway and you must keep clear: you must either turn tostarboard, slow down to let the other vessel pass ahead of

you or do both.

A gives way to B

A

B


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Rule 15 - Crossing Situation

If the other vessel is on your port side, you have right ofway and should hold your course and speed. However, ifyou think the other vessel is leaving it too late, you have to

take action yourself. The right rule still applies: if you altercourse, alter to starboard. Or you can slow down, or doboth.

A

B


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Rules 13-15: Vessels in Sight and

in Risk of Collision (Review)HEAD ON OVERTAKING CROSSING

Description Meeting onreciprocalcourses,masthead lights inline, bothsidelights visible.

Overtakinganother vesselmore than 22.5abaft the beam, atnight only thesternlight visible.

Two vesselscrossing, risk ofcollision exists.

Action Both vessels turnto starboard topass port-to-port.

Overtaking vesselkeeps out of theway on theovertaken vessel.

The vessel whichholds the otheron her starboardmust keep out ofthe way of thestand-on vessel.


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Rule 16: Give-way Vessel

Take early and substantial action to stay outof the way of the stand-on vessel.


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Rule 17: Stand-on Vessel

Maintain course and speed.

Sound 5 short rapid blasts.

Take action if the give-way is not takingsubstantial action to avoid collision.

If risk of collision exists and if circumstancesallow, avoid altering course to port.

If collision is imminent, any action that willavoid collision or mitigate it, is permitted.


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Rule 18: Responsibilities

Between VesselsVessels in order of priority

Vessel not under command

Restricted in ability to maneuver Vessel constrained by draft

Vessel engaged in fishing

Sailing vessels

Power driven vessels

Seaplanes


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Rule 18 - Power meets sail

In general, power vessels have to keep out of theway of sailing and fishing vessels, and vesselsthat are hampered by such tasks as dredging,

cable laying and so on.


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Operating rulePort:

If apower-drivenvesselapproacheswithin this

sectormaintain yourcourse andspeed with

caution.

Starboard:

If any vesselapproacheswithin thissector, keep

out of itsway. (Note:This rulemay notalways apply

if one orboth vesselsaresailboats.)

Stern: If any vesselapproaches this sector,maintain your course andspeed with caution.


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The RIGHT rule

The RIGHT rule is:

look to the right;

give way to the right; turn to the right; and

stay to the right.


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Section III - Rule 19

Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility


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Rule 19: Restricted Visibility

This rule applies when navigating in or NEARan area of restricted visibility.


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Rule 19 - Restricted Visibility

Restricted visibility any condition that reducesvisibility, and includes fog, heavy rain, snow,

hail, sandstorms, etc. Fog is common on the coast of British

Columbia. A good lookout becomes evenmore vital.

Slow down and be ready to stop if you sightanother vessel or hear a fog signal.


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Rule 19: Restricted Visibility

For fog signals heard forward of the beam,reduce speed to minimum steerageway andnavigate cautiously.

Actions to take on hearing a fog signalforward of the beam can shown as:


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Part C - Lights and Shapes


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Navigation Lights

Vessels that operate from sunset to sunrise,whether at anchor or underway, must carryand exhibit the correct lights.

A vessel is underway when not anchored,moored to the shore or aground.

Navigation lights must also be displayedduring daylight hours in periods of restrictedvisibility.

All vessels must comply with the regulationsconcerning lighting.


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Navigation Lights

1. Masthead light

2. Port side light

3. Starboard side light

4. Stern light

5. Towing light


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Navigation Shapes Vessels towing, and also on the tow

Deep draft vessels

Vessel under sails but using machinery to

propel

Vessels at anchor


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Navigation Shapes All fishing vessels

In addition in the direction of her gear or nets


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Navigation Shapes

Vessel not under command

Vessel engaged

in mine clearance


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Navigation Shapes

Vessel restricted in ability to manoeuvre

Safe side to pass

Side with obstruction


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Navigation Shapes

Vessel aground


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Navigation Shapes

Vessel operating divers


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Rule 32 - Definitions

Rule 34 - Manoeuvring and Warning Signals

Rule 35 - Sound Signals in RestrictedVisibility

Rule 36 - Signals to Attract Attention

Rule 37 - Distress Signals Annexes I -V

Part D - Sound and Light Signals


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Sound signals for signals of action Signals are sounded upon rudder order

Exchanged by any vessel in proximity toanother vessel

Exchanged if vessels are in sight and

manoeuvring is required


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Short Blast- about one second duration

Long Blast - 4-6 second duration


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Rule 33 - Equipment for Sound

Signals Vessels < 100m in length: whistle and bell Vessels >= 100m in length: whistle, bell, and

gong

Vessels < 12m in length: some type of soundsignaling device


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Rule 34 - Manoeuvring and

Warning Signals Sound signals can be used by any vessel to

indicate an action they are about to take:

One short blast: I am altering course tostarboard.

Two short blasts: I am altering courseto port.

Three short blasts: My engines are goingastern.


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Warning Signals Five short blasts:

Officially - I am unsure of your intentions;

Practically - you are not following the rules; or wake up you ***** idiot.


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Rule 34: Manoeuvring and

Warning Signals - Overtaking

An overtaking situation exists when a vessel approaches anothervessel more than 22.5o abaft the beam of the overtaken vessel.


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Rule 34: Manoeuvring andWarning Signals- Crossing

At night, the stand-on vessel sees the green sidelight of the give-way vessel, and the give-way vessel sees the red sidelight ofthe stand-on vessel.


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Rule 34: Manoeuvring andWarning Signals - Meeting

A meeting situation exists if two power vessels approachon reciprocal or near reciprocal courses.


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Warning Signals Vessel shall sound one long blast when

coming to blind turn

BC Ferry in Active Pass


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Rule 35 - Sound Signals inRestricted Visibility

Power driven vessel underway and making way(T)

Power driven vessel underway and not makingway (stopped in the water) (M)


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Vessel not under command, restricted in abilityto manoeuvre, sailing, fishing or towing (D)

Last vessel of a tow (B)


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Pilot vessel on duty (H)


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Vessels at anchor, including vessel working atanchor

Bell ringing for 5 second. If more than 100 metres

Bell ringing for 5 seconds forward then

gong sounded for 5 seconds aft. In addition may sound (R)


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Vessels aground

Bell - Bell- Bell -Bell ringing for 5 seconds -

Bell - Bell - Bell. Vessel aground if more than 100 metres

Bell - Bell- Bell -Bell ringing for 5 seconds -

Bell - Bell - Bell, then gong sounded for 5seconds aft.


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Vessels less than 12 metres in length shallmake an efficient sound signal at least every 2minutes.


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Rule 36 - Signals to AttractAttention

If a vessel needs to attract the attention ofanother vessel she may use a searchlight toshow direction of a danger.

However any signal must be such as not to beconfused with a navigational aid, so flashinglights or strobes are not to be used.


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Rule 37 - Distress Signals

. . . _ _ _ . . . (SOS)

MAYDAY Two tone alarmVHF-DSC

CCGA Collision Regs 1

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