CBM – SOMA - SCA - Jyväskylän · PDF fileCBM – SOMA - SCA Techniques and...

© 2008 IBM Corporation

CBM – SOMA - SCA

Techniques and Standards to Increase Business and IT Flexibility

Jouko PoutanenSenior IT Architect, IBM Software Group

2 CBM – SOMA – SCA © 2008 IBM Corporation

Agenda

�Component Business Modeling (CBM)

– Drivers: specialization, cost reduction, differentiation, need for flexibility

– Concepts

– Engagements

� Service Oriented Modeling and Architecture (SOMA)

– From business services to SOA services

– Process demo

� Service Component Architecture (SCA)

– SOA programming model


Phases of External Specialization


Stages of Internal Specialization


Structural Change Is Required to Achieve Further Cost Reductions

� Typical initial cost reduction measures (Type 1)

– Hiring freeze

– New IT project budget freeze

– Termination of sub-contracting agreements

– Voluntary departure plans

– Early retirement

� Typical advanced cost reduction initiatives (Type 2)

– Relocation of resources/applications

– Central vs. decentralized IT governance

– Strategic alignment & prioritization

– Maintenance/process outsourcing

– Process optimization

Type 1 Rationalization“Reduce Capacity”

Type 2 Structural Change“Transform Fixed into Variable Costs”

Co

st

x

X’

Volume

Change IT operating model

Volume

ReduceFTE,

minimizeoverlap,improvecontrol

X’

x

Co

st


Drive down cost

Eliminate duplicate systems, build once and leverage, improve time to market

Provide a flexible business model

React to market changes more quickly

Increase revenue

Create new routes to market, create new value from existing systems

Reduce cycle times and cost for external business partners

Move from manual to automated transactions, facilitate flexible

dealings with business partners

Integrate across the enterprise

Integrate historically separate systems, facilitate mergers and acquisitions of enterprises

Reduce risk and exposure

Improve visibility into business operations

Each represents a SOA value proposition

Common Business Challenges Facing Enterprises Today Demand the Fusion of Business and IT


What is a Business Component ?


CBM Framework

Make internal and external specialization practical by organizing activities

by accountability level and competency

Operations Management ? Analysing by Four V’s: volume, variety, variation, visibility etc. ’Operations and Process Management’, Slack et.al, 2006


Example CBM Map from Retail Sector


Heat Maps Identify “Hot” Areas to Exploit Business Value


Phases of CBM Analysis


There are two levels of deploying CBM, that are both supported by the CBM framework

� Majority of present CBM assignments use component maps to

– Analyze and frame client issues from a new dimension

– Identify and prioritize areas for improvement

� Component map need not to correspond to any existing organizational structure

� Implementation horizon is typically 0 to 2 years

� New organizational paradigm as CBM end vision: the organization is a set of components that are networked together

– Internally: the networked organization

– Externally: the value network

� Interfaces between components have a physical component (services, products) and a technological component (real time connectivity)

� Implementation horizon is typically 3 to 5 years

Transformation

� Incremental or full fledged

� Evaluation criterion ‘differentiation’ often

as facilitator

Componentized organization

‘Classical’organization


Outcomes:

� Identified overlaps and redundancies to reduce the cost of running and maintaining the number of applications by as much as 70%.

� Improved customer service and could save the company an estimated US$200M.

� Connected independent agents into its central system to speed delivery of policy quotes.

� Next step: Design and implement a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) to help consolidate costly, redundant applications.

Scenario: Improve customer service and operational efficiency

Business challenge:

U.S. division of a global insurance group seeking an operating model that increases flexibility while freeing up capital.

Approach:

Used Component Business Modeling (CBM) to determine which applications deliver the most value to the business and streamline processes that can be refined, consolidated or eliminated.

CBM

SOMA


Agenda

� Component Business Modeling (CBM)


– Concepts

– Engagements

�Service Oriented Modeling and Architecture (SOMA)


– Process demo

� Service Component Architecture (SCA)



Business and the Supporting IT Environment Must be Componentized to Support Flexibility

Composable

Services

(SOA)

Flexible Business

TransformationBusiness Process Outsourcing

Mergers, Acquisitions & Divestitures

Flexible IT

On demand Operating Environment

Software Development Integration

InfrastructureManagement

Requires

Development Infrastructure Management

Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)

Composable

Processes

(CBM)Component

Business Modeling


The use of new design techniques, combined with current approaches and appropriate standards, is the most successful way to define services

� Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) is necessary to define object-oriented systems and component-based development is used to define component-based architectures

� Service-oriented modeling is necessary to build a service-oriented architecture

– SOMA builds on current techniques

– Domain Analysis

– Functional Areas grouping

– Variability-Oriented Analysis (VOA)

– Process Modeling

– Component-Based Development (CBD)

– Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD)/Use Case Modeling

� Service-oriented modeling introduces new techniques

– Goal-Service Modeling

– Service Model creation

Reasons for SOMA

� BPEL: Business Process Execution Language� WSDL: Web Service Description Language� SOMA: Service Oriented Modeling and

Architecture

KPI Metrics

Flows /Activities

Use Cases

OOAD

ProcessesComponents

Business Analysis Information Technology

MapAttribution

SOMAComponent Business

Modeling (CBM)Service-oriented

architecture (SOA)

PatternsFrameworks

StandardsProgramming

ModelServices

BPELWSDL


Direct

Execute

Control

Financial

Management

Business

& Resource

Admin

Business

Portfolio

Management

Customer Sales

& Servicing

New

Business

Development

Product

Delivery

Customer

Management

Product

Services

Account

Services

Treasury

AccountingGeneralLedger

FinancialsConsolidation

FacilitiesOperation &Maintenance

SystemsDevelopment &Operations

ProductionAssurance(Help Desk)

FixedAsset Register

BusinessUnit

Administration

HumanResource

Management

ConsolidatedBook/PositionMaintenance

Securitization/Syndication

Inter-bankAccount

Management

SmartRouting

Sales

TransactionCaptureServices

DialogueHandler

TransactionConsolidation

AuthorizationsProduct

Development& Deployment

MarketResearch

CampaignExecution

ProductDirectory

Marketing

MerchantOperations

Card FinancialCapture

DDA/Check-Specific

Processing

Card-specificProcessing

RetailLending

Contact/EventHistory

CollateralHandling

CustomerProfile

RelationshipManagement

CreditAdministration

RewardsAdministration

InventoryManagement

CashInventory

MarketInformation

Correspondence

DocumentManagement& Archive

Billing &Payments

CustomerAccounting

Collections& Recovery

FinancePolicies

Businessand ResourcePlanning

BusinessPolicies &Procedures

ExternalRelations

Asset &Liability Policy& Planning

CustomerSales & Servicing

Planning

SegmentAnalysis &Planning

AcquisitionPlanning

ProductOperationsPlanning

CustomerPortfolio &Analysis

CreditPolicy & Planning

ProductServicesPlanning

AccountServicesPlanning

Reconciliations

FinancialControl

BusinessArchitecture

BusinessUnit Tracking

Audit/Assur-ance/Legal/Compliance

Risk/PortfolioManagement

Case &ExceptionHandling

Sales/Service

Administration

CampaignManagement

ProductOversight

ProductOperationsOversight

CustomerBehavior& Models

ApplicationProcessing

RelationshipOversight

ProductServicesOversight

Fraud/AMLDetection

AccountServicesOversight

Each CBM component is responsible for business activities and processes

Business processes and activities are automated by business services

These are supported by collaborating fine grained services and object interactions

CBM and the industry models


Infrastructure and Management for SOA

Services(Application & Information)

Operational Systems(Application & Information Assets)

People(Service consumers)

Business Process

Connectivity (Enterprise Service Bus)

Web Device

Data Registry

Application Application

Content

Collaboration

External

SOA…

SOA Governance and Lifecycle Management


Services have a different level of granularity; they are aggregated to a business process (flexible workflows)

Member Requests an Rx

Refill (Call Center IVR or

Online)

Request

Denied

Rx Dept

Processes

RefillPC Physician

Approves or

Denies Request

(WS or Email)

Member Informed

that Refill is Ready

Validate

Member is

Authorized to

Make Request

Determine Member’s Coverages

and Primary Care Physician

Send Request Notification to pharmacy

Send Request Notification to Notes

Patient

Records

Business Transaction� Short term, non-interactive� One change of business state � Consumes one or more enterprise

service� Targeted level of service reuse� Loose coupling important� May require compensation

Member Informed that

Request has been Denied

Request

Approved

WS Enabled

Not WS Enabled

Credit

Verification Office

Scheduling

Email

System

Authorization Service

Email ServiceOutpatient Service

Masters Service

HR

Function Service� Collaborations to implement a

single web service� Collaborating apps encapsulated

via web services� Performance favored over loose

coupling

Business Process� Long running� One or more persons interacting� Multiple valid business process states� Alternative workflows for non-

normal conditions


The Process of Service-Oriented Modeling and Architecture


Example Case Study


Scenario: Enable self-service using existing assets

Business challenge:

Government agency required to comply with mandate to make 80 percent of its transactions “electronic” by 2007.

Approach:

�The Service-Oriented Modeling and Architecture (SOMA) technique was applied to treat e-filing submissions as a shared service by building a robust, scalable SOA-based system linking external trading partners with new applications.

�The approach leverages existing IT assets and introduced new application capabilities.

Outcomes:

� By implementing suggested SOA-based solution, client complied with government mandate and completed project ahead of schedule.

� Error rates associated with manual adjustments to transmitted data were reduced from 25% to 6%.

� Employee productivity increased through online availability of submission data.

� Next step: Create customized IT roadmap to support new information services identified by SOA model

SOMA

CIR


IBM Techniques to Help Accelerate Business Innovation

OutcomeIBM techniqueBusiness priority

Developing the business case for transformation by creating a logical representation of a business, making it easier to analyze business process performance and define differentiating components

Component Business Modeling ServicesSM

Drive growth and achieve differentiation by leveraging core competencies

An SOA design recommendationthat includes a detailed description of the SOA service model and solution architecture

Service-Oriented Modeling and Architecture

Develop a flexible set of business-aligned IT services that collectively fulfill an organization’s business processes and goals while leveraging existing IT assets

An IT process map of the activities and resources required to run the IT organization most effectively to support the organization’s business objectives

Component Business Modeling for the Business of IT

Perform a holistic analysis of the IT function to make it run as an integrated and seamless part of the business

An incremental roadmap for IT based on analysis of current and desired target state of IT infrastructure capabilities, business initiatives and goals

Component Infrastructure Roadmap

Identify changes necessary to increase IT infrastructure flexibility and reduce costs, based on business goals

CBM-BoIT

CBM

CIR

SOMA


Agenda

� Component Business Modeling (CBM)


– Concepts

– Engagements

� Service Oriented Modeling and Architecture (SOMA)


– Process demo

�Service Component Architecture (SCA)



Elements of a SOA Programming Model

� A good SOA programming model supports:

– Services as abstract encapsulations of business function.

– Building, publishing, discovering and using services.

– Assembling solutions from loosely coupled services.

– Separation of concerns between business and infrastructure.

– Freedom to choose / mix implementations, protocols, policies, …

� Core Elements

– Service Component – Business logic implementation of a service.

– Service Assembly – Composition of components and services.

– Service Data – Business data exchanged by services.


Open Service Component Architecture

� Developed by OSOA, a consortium of industry vendors.

� Open-source SCA runtime available in Apache Tuscany.

� Standardization effort under way at OASIS.

> 44,000 downloads since early 2007


Service Oriented Architecture programming model

Service Component Architecture (SCA)

Business Objects(SDO-based technology)

�BPEL + Extensions�SCA

Service Component Architecture (SCA)

Business Objects(SDO-based technology)

�BPEL + Extensions�SCA

Service ComponentArchitecture

BusinessObjects

Common EventInfrastructure

HumanTasks

HumanTasks

BusinessState

Machines

BusinessState

Machines

BusinessRules

BusinessRules

BusinessProcesses

BusinessProcesses

WebSphere Application Server (J2EE Runtime)

InterfaceMaps

BusinessObject Maps

RelationshipsSelectors

Service ComponentArchitecture

BusinessObjects

Common EventInfrastructure

HumanTasks

HumanTasks

BusinessState

Machines

BusinessState

Machines

BusinessRules

BusinessRules

BusinessProcesses

BusinessProcesses

WebSphere Application Server (J2EE Runtime)

InterfaceMaps

BusinessObject Maps

RelationshipsSelectors

SCA in WebSphere Process Server v6


Goals of the new programming model

� J2EE is too difficult – SCA, SDO significantly simplify the programming model

� Strong isolation between business logic and the technical infrastructure code

� Dramatically reduced learning curve for “classical” application developers

� Provides a client programming model allowing client access to service components

� SCA is a service oriented component model for business services that publish or operate on business data

� SCA provides a single abstraction for service types that may already be expressed as– Session beans

– Web Services

– Java class

– BPEL

– etc…


Service Component: Overview

Java BPELBusiness

Rules SelectorHumanTask

StateMachine

Implementation Types

Java

WSDLPort Type Interface Reference

Java

WSDLPort Type

Interface Maps


Service Module: Overview

nonSCA

SCASCA

Import

Export

StandaloneReference

ServiceComponent

ServiceComponent

Service Module

Wire

non-SCA

SCA


Component

Export

Module A

Import

Component

Programming Model

� Modules are contain “wired” Service Components

� Service Components use SDOs for data

� Solutions are a collections of Modules

Wires

Inte

SDOInterfaces References

Module B

Serv

ices

Web ClientComponent

Export


SCA Invocation Patterns

SCA SCA

ExportExport Component

SCA

Import

Pseudo SynchronousPseudo Synchronous CallbackCallbackAsynchronousAsynchronous


WebSphere Integration Developer – Key Features

Components Wired in

Assembly Editor

BusinessProcesses

Mapping Components

BusinessRules

BusinessState

Machines

HumanTasks

Selectors

A s s e m b l y D i a g r a m

Exports Imports

Resource Adaptors

Web Services EJBs JavaJ2EE

Artifacts

Used in Component

Creation

Business EventMonitoring

VisualSnippets

ComponentInterfaces

BusinessObjects


Component Assembly Editor

ImportReference

Export

Module

Interface


Composition - Business Process

� WS-BPEL compliant business process engine

� Simplified Process Editor

– Optional

� Generic Business Process

– Operations / Parameters

– Service Implementation Details hidden

� Transactions / Compensation


Integration Developer: Concepts

Shared Library

Shared Library

Module

Module

Module

• Interfaces• Business Objects• Business Object Maps• Relationships


Module

� Business Integration project type for developing SCA based applications

� Basic unit of deployment to the runtime environment

– A module is packaged in an EAR file

� Contains the following artifacts

– SCA resources and module assembly

– J2EE projects

– Java projects

– Dependent libraries

Module


How to Build a Process Integration solution using BDD

Rational RequisitePro

Create, Simulate & Analyze As-Is

Business Model

WebSphere Business Modeler

Create FinancialReports & ROI

Estimates

Create Observation Model with KPIs & export to Monitor

Create, Simulate, Analyze and Optimize To-Be Business Model

BusinessAnalyst

Integration Developer

WebSphere Integration Developer

Choreograph services using BPEL, WSDL,

etc.

Configure Human Task Manager

(including Ad-Hoc) & Client

Assemble Solution(BPEL, Human Task Manager, Business

Rules, etc)

Understand Risk, Project

Costs, and ROI

Identify and Manage

Projects and Resources

CIO

ProjectManager

Rational PortfolioManager

DataArchitect

ModelRelationalDatabaseSchemas

Rational DataArchitect

RDB Mapping

Trace Requirements & Create System

Use Case Realizations

Model & Implement Services, & expose as

Web Services

Test Create & Manage

SystemRequirements

Architect

RationalSoftwareArchitect Java

Developer

Develop Portlets(App UI

and Monitor)

PortalDeveloper

Tester

Rational Functional & Performance Tester

IBM Rational Team Unifying Platform

BPELWSDL

UML

DBA

Deploy/Run

MonitorBusiness

OperationsAnalyst

Runtime�WebSphere Process Server�WebSphere Portal �WebSphere Business Monitor

WSDLEAR

WSDLEAR

Business Measures Model

Run-time Statistics


More Information

� CBM

– www-935.ibm.com/services/us/imc/pdf/g510-6163-component-business-models.pdf

� SOMA

– Case Study

– http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/REDP4467.html?Open

– Arctile

– http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/webservices/library/ws-soa-design1/

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