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BIOTECHNOLOGY SYLLABUS

SCHEME OF INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION

B.Tech. (Biotech) –I YEAR

SUBJECT CODE SUBJECTS

PERIODS/ WEEK (50MTS.)

MARKSDURATIO

N OF EXAM

Th / Prac Sessionals

Exams. Hrs.

BTT.1.101 English 3 30 70 3

BTT.1.102 *Biology/*Mathematics 4/4 30 70 3

BTT.1.103 Biophysics 3 30 70 3

BTT.1.104

Chemistry (Inorganic, Physical & Analytical) 3 30 70 3

BTT.1.105 Bio-Organic Chemistry 3 30 70 3

BTT.1.106

Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology of Humans 3 30 70 3

BTT.1.107

Computer Programming in C and C++ 3 30 70 3

BTP.1.108

Engineering Drawing and Workshop Practice 3 25 50 4

BTP.1.109 Bio-Physics Lab 3 25 50 4

BTP.1.110 Chemistry Lab 3 25 50 4

BTP.1.111 Computer Programming Lab 3 25 50 4

34 310 690

* Biology for M.P.C Background and Mathematics for B.P.C Background Students

With effect from Academic Year (2005-2006)

OTECHNOLOGY SYLLABUS

ENGLISH

Subject code : BTT.1.101 Sessional : 30

Periods / Week : 3 Examination : 70

Nature of Examination : Theory Exam Duration : 3 Hrs

UNIT-I

Role and importance of communication, verbal and non-verbal communication. Group communication, conduct of seminars conferences etc., Drafting and delivering a speech. How to introduction one self and other; How to seek apology; How to thank in different ways. Greetings, some polite expression. Agreement and disagreement.

UNIT- II

Communication through letter, official and personal letter. Technical reports, letters of complaints, letters of enquires and responses. What to avoid while writing letters.

UNIT-III

Tenses, Voice, Articles, Direct and indirect speech; Degree of comparison; common errors of English made by Indian learners of English, Essay writing on topics of interest to engineers

UNIT – IV

How to use a dictionary, How to use a thesaurus, vocabulary development, synonyms and antonyms, single word substitutes, Comprehensions, paragraph writing.

UNIT – V

The following four essays from the “selections from Modern English prose Ed by Haladhar panda are prescribed.

1. “Our Own Civilization” - C.E.M. Joad2. “Andrew Carnegie” - E.H. Carter3. “The Secret of work” - Swami Vivekananda4. “The Generation Gap” - Benjamin Spock

EXAMINATION: One question from each unit with internal choice and one question on Essay writing to be made compulsory in the choice.

BOOKS:

1. “Business Correspondence and report Writing” R.C. Sharma and Krishna Mohan, Tata McGraw Hill Publishers, New Delhi – (1999).

2. “Communicative English “ E. Sureh kumar, Raj Kamal Publications 1997.3. “Selection of Modern English Prose” Ed. By Haladhar Panda, Published by Universities

Press (India) Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad.

BIOLOGY

Subject code : BTT.1.102 – M Sessional : 30



UNIT-I: HISTORY OF LIFE AND ECOSYSTEM:

History of earth, theories of origin of life and nature of the earliest organism.

Classification, Five kingdoms, viruses (TMV, HIV, Bacteriophage), Prokaryote (Bacteria), Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.

Ecosystem functioning- Basic principles, Ecosystem analysis– inventory and monitoring of Biodiversity. The resource base for Biodiversity assessments.

UNIT- II: BIODIVERSITY

Introduction to Biodiversity; Characterization of Biodiversity, Species richness, numerical diversity and the niche; Types and levels of Biodiversity; Magnitude and Distribution of Biodiversity-Generation, Maintenance and loss of Biodiversity. Economic value of biodiversity, Economic Importance of Plants.

UNIT –III: PLANT BIOLOGY

Classification of Plant Kingdom, Structure of Plant Cell, living and non-living inclusions. Different types of plant tissues and their functions, Mitosis and Meiosis. Concepts of Growth, Meristems (apical, intercalary, lateral) and their function; simple tissue (parenchyma, collenchymas, sclerenchyma); Complex tissue (xylem and phloem); Tissue systems (epidermal, ground, vascular). Primary and Secondary growth. Development of different plant organs; Roots, Stems, Barks, Wood, Leaf, Flower, Fruit and Seed. Plant growth regulators;

UNIT – IV: ANIMAL BIOLOGY

Classification of Animal Kingdom, Phylogeny of Invertebrate & Vertebrate Phyla, Concepts of Species & Genus; Structure of Animal Cell, Living and Non Living inclusions; Different type of Animal Cells and their Functions, morphology, growth and Reproduction,

UNIT – V: PARASITOLOGY

Morphology of Human parasites: Protozoan Parasites – two important forms in man (Plasmodium, Entamoeba histolytica), Helminthes (Fasciotopsis buski, Taenia solium, Ascaris, Wucharia bancrafti)

Life history of Mosquitoes and housefly as agents for spreading diseases.

Biology of Pests in relation to Rice, Cotton, Sugarcane and Groundnut.

EXAMINATION: One question from each unit with internal choice.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Introduction to Applied Biology & Biotechnology, by K. Vaidya Nath, K.Pratap Reddy and K. Satya Prasad, BS Publications, Hyderabad. (2004).

2. Essentials of Ecology and Environmental Science by S.V.S Rama, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi, (2003).

3. Biology: Life on Earth (8th Edition) Publisher: Benjamin Cummings; Animal Biology / A.J. Grove & G.E. Newell, (2007).

4. Essentials of Modern Biology Author: R. C. Sobti & V.L. Sharma: Eastern Book corporation, (2008).

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Cells And Life Processes Publisher’s Hardcover by Walker, Denise Black Rabbit Books (2007).

2. Introduction to biology, focusing on green plant Green Plants by Walker, Denise Series: Basic Biology. Catalog Number: #16554.

3. Basic biology course By Michael A. Tribe, Irwin Tallan, Michael R. Eraut, Roger K. Snook, Derek Peacock.

4. Basic Concepts in Biology. Publisher: Brooks Cole; 6 edition (2005). ISBN-10: 053442029X.

5. Biology, 6/e Author: Dr. George B. Johnson, Washington University. McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

6. Discover Biology Fourth Edition Michael L. Cain, and Carol Kaesuk Yoon,Anu Singh-Cundy, (2004). Independent Publishers.

7. Biology, 7/E Neil A. Campbell, Jane B. Reece, (2005), Pub: Pearson Benjamin Cummings.8. Biotechnology, H.G. Rehen and G.Reed, Volume I & 2.9. Basic Biotechnology, Second Edition, by Colin Ratledge and Bjorm Kristiansen, Cambridge

University Press.10. Anatomy and Physiology In Health and Disease, K. J.W. Wilison and A. Waugh, Churchill

& Livingston.11. Plant Physiology F.B Salisbury & C.W. Ross 4th edition Thomson Wadsworth (1991).

MATHEMATICS

Subject code : BTT.1.102 - B Sessional : 30



UNIT-I :

Logarithms: Logarithm of a real number to an arbitrary base, Napier ion Base-Theorems on Logarithm – Use of Tables.

Trigonometry: Measurement of angles, Trigonometrical ratios and simple relations connecting the complimentary the complimentary and supplementary angles, Negetive angles sum and difference of two angles, sine and cosine formulae for multiple angles and half angles.

UNIT- II:

Differential Calculus: Functions, Limits Differential coefficient rules, Differentiation of a sum, product and quotient of functions, Differentiation from first principles, Differentiation of implicit, Geometrical, composite and inverse functions, Partial Differentiation, Maxima and Minima.

UNIT-III:

Integral Calculus: Integration considered as converse of differentiation, simple integrations, standard forms like x dx, Sin (a x) dx, Cos (a x) dx, Sec (a x) dx etc. Methods of substitution, simple example integration by parts. Integration of rational, irrational, trigonometrical functions. Calculations of areas of standard bodies using integration.

UNIT – IV:

Matrices: Matrices, basic definitions, matrix operations, transpose, adjoint, rank, inverse of a matrix, solution of linear systems of equations – LU decomposition, matrix inversion, Gaussian elimination.

UNIT – V:

Coordinate Geometry: Basic Mathematical Principles that are commonly used in biology sets, integers, linear and non linear graphs; 2d Coordinate geometry, Equation of line, circle ellipse and hyperbola; 3d geometry, equation of plane, sphere and cone;

EXAMINATION: One question form each unit with internal choice

TEXT BOOKS:

1. A text book of Mathematics by N.Krishna Murthy, Chand series, Volume – I &II.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Higher Engineering Mathematics by Grewal. Khanna Publishers(1998). 2. Guide to Essential Math: A Review for Physics, Chemistry and Engineering Students By

S. M. Blinder Edition:Published by Academic Press, (2008).3. Higher Mathematics for Engineering Students: Worked Examples and Problems with

Elements of Theory by Aleksandr Vasilʹevich Efimov, Boris Pavlovich Demidovich Edition: revised, Published by Mir, (2084).

4. Ordinary differential equations: an elementary textbook for students of mathematics, engineering, and the sciences By Morris Tenenbaum, Harry PollardEdition: Published by Courier Dover Publications, (1985).

5. Prentice Hall guide to scholarships and fellowships for math and science students: a resource guide for students pursuing careers in mathematics, science, and engineering By Mark Kantrowitz, Joann P. DiGennaro Pub. by Prentice Hall, (1993).

6. Essentials of applied mathematics for scientists and engineers by Robert G. Watts, Morgan & Claypool Publishers - Mathematics – (2007).

7. Mathematics and statistics for students of chemistry, chemical engineering, chemical technology and allied subjects By C. J. Brookes, I. G. Betteley, S. M. Loxston Published by Wiley, (1966).

BIOPHYSICS




UNIT-I : INTRODUCTION TO BIOPHYSICS

Definition of Biophysics and Cell Doctrine, cell Theory and Atomic Theory, Electrical Properties of Cell and Tissues, Electrical Oscillatory Phenomenon associated with Cell Division. Evidences of Oscillation Electric Fields from Cells by Cellular Spin Resonance (CSR).

Detection of Cells using Microscope Structure, Construction and functions of Microscope; High Resolution Optical Imaging. Types and functions of different Microscopes – Interface Microscope, Polarizing Microscope, phase Contrast Microscope and Electron Microscope, Phase Contrast Microscope and Electron Microscope

Cell Fractionation – Centrifugal Methods, Methods of determining of size, shape and molar mass of bio molecules.

UNIT – II: BIOPHYSICS OF SENSORY SYSTEMS

Human Eye - Structure of retina and its biometrics – optics of the Eye; Camera principle & its application to the Eye – Visual Receptors-Electroretinogram; Photochemistry of Visual Process – Quantum effects in Dark and Adopted Vinson – Colors and its recognition

Human Ear- Structure and functions of audible factors Mechanics of hearing, Auditory Receptors and Genesis of Different potential charges in the Ear; Determination Pitch, Loudness and Quality of Sound and its Effects Sound as a wave function.

Human Muscle-Structure and functions – Muscle Contraction; Sliding Filament Model – Elastic Behavior of Muscle, Bridge Cycle theory; Flight Muscles of Biological Flyers (Insect, Bird and Bat)

Human Nerves-Chemical and Electrical properties of Mylinated and Non mylinated Nerves; Properties of Mylinated conduction. Charge distribution on resting Nerve Cell; Leakage of current across cell membrane; Electro toners; Hodgkin–Huxley Model for Membrane Current; Propagation of Nerve Impulse; Techniques of Acupuncture and Electro Convulsive shock therapy.

UNIT – III BIOPHYSICS OF RADIATION AND ENERGY

Radiation and Light Action – Inactivation of proteins and nucleic acids through radiation effects –Light Action on respiratory pigments-Photo synthetic Machinery

Radiation Effects of on Cells and Tissues – Nature of Ionizing Radiation-Target Theory; Variable Energy Transfer, Radiation Sensitivity of Large Molecules, Action of Ionizing Radiation on Chromosomes.

Principles or Instrumentation and Biological Applications of X-rays (continuous and characteristics) X-Ray Images, X –ray diffraction analysis-Bragg’s law for Atomic Structure Determination.

Basic principles and operation of a laser, Types of lasers, He-Ne laser, semiconductor laser, holography – theory and applications Dosimeter – Protocols, Evaluation and Optimization of Dosimetry of radio Isotopic Medicines; Measurement of laser, X-Ray and Gamma Radiation Dosimetry.

UNIT – IV BIOPHYSICAL NATURE OF LIGHT AND MATTER

Particle nature of radiation – the Photoelectric effect, Compton effect. Motion of a charged particle in and electric and magnetic field, magnetic and electrostatic focusing, Hall effect, The origin of quantum theory – Planck’s hypothesis, the wave nature of matter – wave – particle duality, matter waves (de Broglie hypothesis).

Basics Postulates of quantum mechanics – the wave function – it physical interpretation, the Schrodinger equation.

The electromagnetic spectrum- sources of light, emission and absorption spectra, Brief introduction to spectroscopy (optical, magnetic resonance). Principles, Instrumentation and Biological Applications of Computational Tomography (CT), Magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI); and Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

UNIT – V

BIO PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BIOMATERIALS

Volumetric properties of gases, exhibiting non ideal behavior in biological systems; Osmotic pressure in an Ideal Gas and Liquid; Osmotic Fragility of Red Blood Cells; transport through Membrane-solute Transport, Artificial Kidney.

Methods of determination of Surface Tension and specific gravity of Bio-fluids, Viscosity, Specific and Intrinsic Viscosities and their determination by Ostwald’s Method Bio-fluids, fluid dynamics-Philology of fluids, specific and intrinsic viscosities and their determination. Ideal and Non –Ideal Solution –Molar Properties.

EXAMINATION: One question from each unit with internal choice

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Molecular Biophysics by RB Setlow and EC Pollard,Addition Weley, Publishing Company, Inc.,1964.

2. Bio Physical Chemistry by A.G.Marshall, Wiley & Sons , New York.3. Intermediate Physics for Medicine and Biology by Russel K. Hebby.4. Introduction to Biophysics, Tyszynski J.A, Kurzynki.M, First Edition, (2003), CRC

Press, Florida.5. Physical Biology of the Cell, by Phillips, Rob/Kondney, Jane, ISBN-10: 0815341636

Publisher Routledge.6. Essentials of Biophysics, 1 st Edition, Narayanan. K , (2005), New age publishers, New

Delhi.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

7. Modern Physics by D Holiday, R Resnik & KS Krane Fifth edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc. (2002).

8. Modern Physics by Concepts of Modern Physics by A. Beiser, Sixth edition. Tata Mc Graw Hill .

9. Structure and Biophysics - New Technologies for Current Challenges in Biology and Beyond Puglisi, Joseph D. (EDT) 9781402058998 09781402058998.

10. Applied Biophysics - Tom A. Waigh. Ohn Wiley , Sons Inc.,(2007), ISBN: 047001718X.11. Physical Biology of the Cell by Rob Phillips, Jané Kondev , Julie Theriot Garland

Science; 1 edition (2008).12. Molecular and Cellular Biophysics by Jackson, Meyer B. ISBN-10: 0521624703

Publisher Cambridge Univ Press.13. Chemical Biophysics: Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Systems, by Beard

Beard, Daniel A./ Qian, Hong ISBN-10: 0521870704 Publisher Cambridge Univ. Press.

14. Biophysics, 4 th Edition, Glaser .R, (2001), Springer, New York..15. Jackson. M.B , Molecular & Cellular Biophysics, First edition, (2006) , Cambridge

University Press.16. Understanding of Enzymes, Fourth edition, Trevor Palmer, (2003), Cambridge University

Press, New York.17. Creighton,T.E., Proteins Structure and molecular properties, 2 nd edition, 1993, W H

freeman publishers, Madison avenue, New York.

CHEMISTRY

(INORGANIC, PHYSICAL & ANALYTICAL)




PART-A: INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

UNIT-I

PERIODICITY: Periodic properties: Ionization energy, Electron affinity, electro negativity, Atomic size. S.P and d-Block Elements: Oxides, halides and hydrides of alkali and alkaline earth metals, B, Al, Si, N, P and S- general characteristics; Properties of 3d- elements (Color, Geometry and Magnetic Properties).

Role of various Metal ions in Biological Systems: Na, K, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Co, Se.

UNIT-II

Chemical Bonding: Properties of Ionic and Covalent molecules, VSEPR theory and shape of molecules, Valence Bond theory approaches for diatomic molecules.

Molecular Orbital Theory: Approaches for diatomic molecules (H2, H2-Li2, Be2, N2, O2, NO, CO, N-).

Hybridization and Shapes of molecules: sp, sp2, sp3, sp3d, sp3d2, sp3d3.

Structure parameters: Bond length, Bond angle, Bond energy.

Hydrogen bonding, Vanderwaals interactions, Lattice energy (Born-Haber Cycle)

Coordination complexes: Crystal field theory.

PART-B: PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

UNIT-III

Thermodynamics: First law, reversible and irreversible processes, internal energy, enthalpy, Kirchoff’s equation, heat of reaction, Hess law, heat of formation, Second law, entropy, free energy and work function, Gibbs-Helmoltz equation, Clasious-Clapeyron equation, free energy change, Troutons rule, Third law of thermodynamics, Bio-energetics-ATP, c-AMP

Chemical Equilibria: Equilibrium constants (Kc, Kp and Kx) for homogeneous reactions, hydrolysis of salts.

UNIT-IV

Colligative properties: Aoult’s law, elevation of boiling point, depression of freeging point, osmotic pressure.

Electrochemistry: Conductance, Kohlraush law, Half Cell potentials, emf, Nernst equation, galvanic cells.

Kinetics of chemical reactions: Rate constant, order of reaction, molecularity, activation energy, zero, first and second order kinetics. Catalysis and elementary enzyme reactions.

PART-C: ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

UNIT-V

Fundamentals of volumetric Analysis- Methods of expressing concentration, primary and secondary standards, Titrations: Acid- Base and Protein Titrations, Buffer and pH solutions-their applications in chemical analysis.

Qualitative and semi-micro analysis-Reactions involved in the separation and identification of anions & cat ions. Solubility product, common ion effect.

Examination: One question from each unit with internal choice.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Anew concise Inorganic chemistry, 3rd Edn-J.D.Lee, ELBS. London.2. Physical chemistry- 3rd Edn. P.W.Atkins,Oxford University Press.3. University General Chemistry- C.N.R.Rao, MacMillan India.4. Essentials of Bio-organic Chemistry by R. W. Hanson ISBN 071313500X5. A Text Book of Engineering Chemistry by Balaram Pani, Galgotia Publications, New

Delhi (2004).6. Advanced Engineering Chemistry by Senapati and Mohanty, Laxmi Publications, New

Delhi ((2002)).

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Elements of Physical chemistry-2nd Edn- Samuel Glasstone and David Lewsis;MacMillan & Co. London.

2. Priciples of Chemistry-Paul Ander andAnthony J.Sonnessa, Collier-MacMillan Ltd., London.

3. Physical chemistry with Applications to Biological Systems, 2nd Edn-Raymond Chng, McMillan Publishing Company, New York.

4. Principles Of Physical Chemistry (2008), by Puri Br, Sharma Lr, Madan S Pathania, Vishal Publishing Co

5. Housecroft, C. E. and Sharpe, A. G. “Inorganic Chemistry, Pearson/Prentice Hall”, (2005) (2nd Edition).

6. KS Kaim, W. and Schwederski, B. Bioinorganic chemistry: inorganic elements in the chemistry of life : an introduction and guide (Wiley, (1994).

7. Que, L., Jr. ed. Physical Methods in Bioinorganic Chemistry (Univ. Sci. Books;Mill Valley, CA, (2000).

8 Shriver, D. F.; Atkins, P. and Langford, C Inorganic Chemistry (3rd edition) -

9. WW Wilkins, P. C.; Wilkins, R. G. Inorganic Chemistry in Biology Oxford

University Press: 1997.

1. A text book of Engineering Chemistry by S.S. Dara, S.Chand & Co, New Delhi (2004).

2. Engineering Chemistry by J C Kuriacose and J. Rajaram, Tata McGraw-Hill Co, New Delhi (2004).

BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY




UNIT – I : INTRODUCTION TO BIO-ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

History of organic and Bioorganic Chemistry; Uniqueness of Carbon atom and general characteristics of organic compounds; Nomenclature of organic compounds; structure, Isomerism, Hybridization and Functional Groups of Organic Compounds;

Types of Organic reactions; Nucleophilic & Electrophilic Addition, Substitution and Elimination reactions; Properties of Carbonyl, Acid, Ester, Hydroxyl and Amine Functional Groups;

UNIT – II: STRUCTURE REACTIVITY CORRELATIONS OF BIO-ORGANIC MOLECULES

Structure Activity Relation-Acids and bases; Electronic and Steric Effects; Stereo Isomers, Tautomers and Conformer; Concepts of Aromaticity; Basic Organic Reactions – Elementary reatment of SN1, SN2, E1 and E2 reactions; rules and effects of Organic reaction –Hoffman Rule, Saytzeff Rule and Markonikoff Rule, Functional Group Effect, Orientation Effect, Kharash Effect; Name Reactions –Diels –Alder Reaction; Aldol Condensation, Hoffman Degradation; Classification of Bio MOLECULES, Structural and Functional Bio Polymers.

UNIT – III: STRUCTURAL & FUNCTIONAL BIO POLYMERS – PROTEINS & NUCLEIC ACIDS

Classification, Structure, Stereochemistry and Reactivity of Carbohydrates & Lipids; Study of glucose, fructose, maltose, glycogen, dextrin, cellulose and starch; Study of Lipids –Fatty Acids, Glycerol, Oils, Sterols and Prostaglandins; Role of Carbohydrates and Lipids as a source of Energy and Health; Classification, Structure, Stereochemistry and reactivity of Building Blocks of proteins and Nucleic Acids (Amino Acids, Purines, Pyrimidines, Nucleosides and Nucleotides); Study of Proteins as Functional and structural bio polymers, Role of Proteins as Enzymes, Hormones and Carrier Molecules; Study of Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA) as Functional Bio polymers.

UNIT – IV: CHEMISTRY OF BIO PRODUCTS

Isolation, Separation, Purification and characterization techniques of some bio products derived from Natural sources of living things; Chemistry of Alkaloids – Ephedrine, Atropine, papaverine and Quinine; Chemistry of Alkloids –Derivatives of Purine and Xanthine Bases–Caffeine Theophylline, Theobromine and Uric Acid; Chemistry of Flavonoids, Teroebidusm Carotenoids, Vitamins and their role in Human health.

UNIT – V: CHEMISTRY OF STEROIDS

Classification and Nomenclature of Steroids; Isolation and Qualitative Analysis of Steroids; Anabolic Agents and Progenstational agents-Androgens and Estrogens; Structure and functions of Cholesterol, Stigma sterol and some Bile Acids; Steroids of Pharmaceutical Significance (Steroidal Saponins); Bio-transformation of steroids; steroids of pharmaceutical Significance (Steroidal Saponins); Bio-transformation of steroids; Tools used for Structure determination of Bio Products


TEXT BOOKS:

1. Bioorganic Chemistry: A Chemical Approach to Enzyme ActionSeries: Springer Advanced Texts in Chemistry Dugas, Hermann, (1996).

2. Organic Chemistry Vol. – 2, I.L. Finar Pearson Education Asia Pvt. Ltd.3. Advanced Organic Chemistry –Reactions, Mechanisms and Structure, 4th Edn, (2003), by

Jeery March, john – Wiley and Sons Inc, NY.4. Bioorganic Chemistry: A Chemical Approach to Enzyme Action (Springer Advanced

Texts in Chemistry) by Hermann Dugas, Springer; 3rd edition ((1999)).

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Chemistry of Natural Products. (Vol. I) by O.P. Agarwal Krishna Prakashan Media (P) Ltd.

2. Stereochemistry of Organic compounds, (2003), by Ernest L.Eliel, Samuel H. Wilen and Lewis N Mander, John Wiley & Sons INC., NY.

3. Lehinger Principles of Biochemistry 3rd Edn, (2002) by Michael C Mix, PAUL Farber and Keith I king Harper Collins college publishers, NY.

4. Highlights in bioorganic chemistry: methods and applications by Carsten Schmuck; Helma Wennemers; (2004) Weinheim : Wiley-VCH.

5. Modern tendencies in organic and bioorganic chemistry: today and tomorrow by Abdulakh K Mikitaev; Mikhail Kh Ligidov; Gennadii ̆ Efremovich Zaikov;Publisher: New York : Nova Science Publishers, (2008).

6. Bioorganic chemistry and chemical biology by H Waldmann; Petra JanningPublisher: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH ; Chichester : John Wiley, (2004).

7. Bioorganic chemistry : highlights and new aspectsby Ulf Diederichsen; et al Publisher: Weinheim ; New York : Wiley-VCH,(1999).

8. Recent research developments in organic & bioorganic chemistry, vol. 5 ((2002))By S G Pandalai; Publisher: Transworld Research Network, (2002).

9. Kinghorn, A.D.; Falk, H.; Kobayashi, J., Series Editors. Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products (Fortschritte de Chemie organischer Naturstoffe), vol. 89; Springer-Verlag: (2008).

INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF HUMANS




UNIT -I: INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMICAL TERMS AND ENDOCRINE GLANDS

Elementary Knowledge on Various parts of Human Body, systems and organs; Basic Anatomy and Types of Endocrine glands; Physiology of Endocrine glands and their hormones. General Introduction of Hormonal secretions and Action.

UNIT - II: ANATOMY OF SKELETAL, MUSCULAR, NERVOUS, DIGESTIVE & EXCRETORY SYSTEMS

General Structure and Composition of Bones and Types of Joints.

Structure of Muscles and Muscle Cells, Limbs and their functions.

General structure of Nervous system and nerve cells and their functions. Brain, spinal chord, peripheral and autonomous nervous systems.

General Structure and Functions of Digestive System, Stomach, Intestines, Liver, gall bladder and Pancreas.

General Structure, Various parts and Functions of Excretory System, Kidney and Urinary

Bladder.

UNIT - III: ANATOMY OF BLOOD CIRCULATORY, RESPIRATORY, REPRODUCTIVE AND OTHER SENSORY SYSTEMS

General Structure Of Blood Circulation in Humans - Heart and major Blood vessels and their Functions, Special Properties of Cardiac Muscle and Pace Maker.

General Structure of Respiratory System and its Functions. Lungs and Trachea.

General Structure and functions of Male and Female Reproductive System

Basic Anatomy of Special Senses- Eye, Ear, Tongue, Nose and Skin

Cable Properties and Functions of Nervous System with respect to Sensory Organs

General Structure and Functions of various tissues of the human body

UNIT - IV; PHYSIOLOGY OF BONE, MUSCLE, DIGESTIVE, EXCRETORY AND NERVOUS SYSTEMS

General Physiology Bone and Muscle including force and tension

General physiology of Neuro-Muscular system, velocity of nerve impulse an muscle action potentials and coupling mechanism.

General Mechanism of Digestion and role of Various Gastro intestinal secretions and their role in the absorption and digestion of food

General Physiology of Renal - Urology System - Urine formation, Pressure, Volume and concentration of Urine and laws governing the plasticity of bladder

Physiology of Nerve Impulse, Neuro-transmission and reflex arc.

Bioelectrical phenomena involved in learning and memory

UNIT - V: PHYSIOLOGY BLOOD, RESPIRATORY, REPRODUCTIVE AND OTHER SENSORY SYSTEMS

Blood and Lymphatic System. Composition of Blood and its structure, Blood Groups, Role of R.B.C and W.B.C . Mechanism of Blood Oxygenation

Biophysical aspects of blood pressure and its recording and regulating techniques.

Cardio - Respiratory system - Respiratory pathways, Functional aspects and mechanism of respiration.Hormone production and Physiology of Menstruation and Fertilization, Mechanism of family planning


TEXT BOOKS:

1. Charles E. Tobin, Basic Human Anatomy, McGraw Hill, 1980.

2. An Introduction to Human Physiology. Third Edition. By J. H. Green. Oxford University Press, New York, (1972).

3. Human Physiology- the Mechanism of body functions, McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math; 11th edition (2007).

4. ‘Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology’ by .Elaine.N. Marieb, 8th Edition, Pearson Education, New Delhi, (2007).

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Anatomy and Physiology by Rod.R.Seeley, TD.Stephens and Philip tate- McGrewHill-Higher Education. 1989.

2. Anatomy & Physiology by Gary A. Thibodeau, Kevin T. Patton ISBN-13: 9780323037181 Hardcover, Elsevier Science Health Science div (2006).

3. Human Anatomy by Michael P. McKinley, Valerie Dean O'Loughlin , McGraw-Hill College, (2005).

4. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function by Kenneth Saladin, McGraw-Hill College (2006).

5. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology by Gerard J. Tortora, Bryan H. Derrickson, Bryan Derrickson , John Wiley & Sons Inc, (2008).

6. Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology by Frederic H. Martini, Judi L. Nath, Benjamin-Cummings Pub Co. (2008).

7. The Cell: A Molecular Approach by Geoffrey M. Cooper, Robert E. Hausman Publisher: Sinauer Associates; 3rd edition, (2003).

8. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology Gerard J. Tortora Pub. John Wiley & Sons Inc (2005).

9. Anatomy & Physiology by Saladin Editions: McGraw-Hill, (2006).10. Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology by Elaine N. Marieb Publisher: Benjamin-

Cummings Pub Co, (2008).11. William F.Ganong, ‘Review of Medical Physiology’, 22nd edition, McGraw Hill, New

Delhi, (2005).12. A.K. Jain, ‘Text book of Physiology’, volume I and II, Third edition, Avichal Publishing

company, New Delhi, (2005).

COMPUTER PROGRAMMING




UNIT-I

Introduction: Block diagram of a digital computer. Function of the various units. Operating systems, data representation. Concepts of algorithms and flow charts. Higher level programming languages for computer.

C-Language: The character set, Keywords and identifiers, Data types constants and variables, declaration of variables, defining symbolic constants. Data Input & Output: Getchar, putchar scanf,printf,gets,puts functions, preprocessing commands-#include,define, ifdef, Preparing and running a complete C program. Operators & Expressions: Arithmetic, Unary, Relational, Logical, Assignment and conditional Operators. Library functions. Control statements: While, do-while, for statements, Nested loops. If else, switch break, continue and go to statements, to ?:operator.

UNIT-II

Functions: Defining & accessing a function. Passing arguments to a function. Specifier arguments data types. Function prototypes. Recursion. Usage of library function, storage. Classes: Automatic, external and static variables.

Arrays: Defining & Processing array. Passing array to a function. Multidimensional arrays, arrays and strings.

Pointers: Pointer declarations. Accessing a variable through its pointer, pointer expression. Passing pointers to a function. Pointers and arrays. Operators on pointers. Structures: Defining and processing a structure, Users - defined data types. Structures and pointers. Passing structures to a function. Unions.

File Management: Opening, closing, processing a data file. Input/Output operations of files.

UNIT-III

C++ Language: Overview of C++, literals, variables, operators, expressions, simple assignment and I/O statements, control structures, arrays and strings, pointers-expressions. Functions -

parameters, inline functions, recursion, storage classes. References, passing and returning references, preprocessor statements.

UNIT-IV

Introduction to object oriented programming - objects, classes, instant variables and methods, new and delete operators. Constructors, static class members. Function and operator overloading, inheritance. Virtual functions, polymorphism, file I/O, exception handling.

UNIT-V

Programming in C and C++ for numerical applications:

Roots of nonlinear equations: Bisection method and Newton-Raphson's method.

Integration of functions: Trapezoidal rule and Simpson's rule. Solution of ordinary differential equations: Euler's modified Euler's and fourth order Runge-Kutta methods.

Examination: One question from each unit with internal choice.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Balaguruswamy E, Programming in ANSCI Tata Me Graw Hill Publishign Ltd. 2nd Edition, (1996).

2. Herber Sohildt-C++ the complete reference, Tata McGraw Hill, (1998).

3. Balaguruswamy, E Theory and Application of Numberical computing, TMH, (1999).

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Kocha Stephen C.Programming in C, CBS Publishers, 1987.

2. Robert Hutehison and Steven B.Just,MC, Programming using the C language, MC Graw, 1988.

3. Kerninghan, B.W. and Ritchie D.M., The C programming language, PHI, 2" .

4. Jeseliberty, HimKeogh, C++ an Introduction to Programming, PHI, (1998).

5. Computer Oriented Numerical Methods by V. Rajaraman ,3rd edition, Publisher: Prentice-hall Of India Pvt Ltd.

6. C: A Reference Manual by Samuel P. Harbison , Guy L. Steele. Prentice Hall; 5 edition (2002).

7. The Art of C++ By Herbert Schildt Published by McGraw-Hill Professional, (2004)

8. Professional C++ By Nicholas Solter, Scott Kleper Edition: (2005) Published by John Wiley and Sons,

9. Introducing C++ for scientists, engineers, and mathematicians By Derek M. Capper

2nd Edition, Published by Springer, (2001).

10. C++ how to program By Paul J. Deitel, Harvey M. Deitel 6th Edition, Published by Prentice Hall, (2007).

WORKSHOP PRACTICE & ENGINEERING DRAWING



Nature of Examination : Practicals Exam Duration : 3 Hrs

WORKSHOP PRACTICES

Carpentry: Study of carpentry tools, wood working lathe wood working maching,

Different types of joints their study and preparation.

House wiring: Study of materials and tools necessary in house wiring. Study and Exercise in various house wiring circuits.

Fitting: Study of tools and machines in fitting shop, graded exercises

Smithy: Study of tools and machines in smithy shop. Graded exercises.

Welding: Brazing and Soldering: Study of common tools and their uses, simple demonstration exercises.

Books:

1. Gupta & Kaushi (workshop Technology, Part-I and Part - II)

2. Hazra & Chowdry (workshop Technology, Part-I and Part - II)

ENGINEERING DRAWING:

1. Instruments and their uses, lettering:

2. Geometrical construction: Construction of regular polygons by different methods.

3. Construction of scales: R.E. Types of scales plain, Diagonal, Vernier, Comparative.

4. Curves in Engineering Practice: Ellipse, Parabola, Hyperbola, Cycloid, Involute, Helix, Archimedean spiral.

5. Projection of points and straight lines: Points in different quadrants - Projects of and planes straight lines parallel, perpendicular and inclined to both planes traces. Projection of planes inclined to both plane.

6. Projection of solids and sections: Cube, Cone, prism, pyramid axis inclined (Sectional View) to planes.

7. Development of surfaces: Development of simple objects like prism pyramid cone & cylinder.

8. Isometric projection: Isometric scale, Isometric projection of prism pyramids, cylinders and cones, sphere and their combinations.

9. Orthographic Projections: Orthographic Projections of simple figures with a sectional view from a given pictorial view.

10. Machine Drawing (Sectional views): Sketching of Bolts Nuts cotter & Joints, Riveted joints, Bearings.

TEXT BOOK

1. Elementary Engineering Drawing N.B. Bhatt Charolar Publications 34th Edition, (1998).

2. Machine Drawing, N.D. Bhatt, Charolar Publications, Anand, New Delhi, 28th Edition, 1993.

3. Machining Drawing, N.Siddeshwar, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co.Ltd., 5th Edition(1994).

BIOPHYSICS PRACTICAL




LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:

1. Determine size of Human RBC at different physiological conditions, using the techniques Laser diffraction and Eriometer.Discuss your results with respect to the physiology of RBC and technique used.

2. Draw V-I characteristics of the given hard tissues and protein samples and determine electrical resistivity of the samples at 100 volt. Determine dielectric parameters such as dielectric constant, dissipation factor and dielectric loss of the given samples using LCR meter. Determine activation energy of the given samples and discuss your results.

3. Study of dielectrophoretic collection rate (DCR) of human erythrocytes suspended in glycine-glucose isotonic solution and subjected to non-uniform electric fields produced by pin-pin electrode configuration. Determine DCR as a function of voltage and elapsed time of applied electric field. Determine threshold voltage of human erythrocytes as a function of frequency of applied field. Calculate excess permittivity of human erythrocytes from the knowledge of DCR.

4. Determine relative viscosity, specific viscosity and intrinsic viscosity of the given polymer solution using Ostwald viscometer. From the viscometric data, calculate the molecular weight of the given biopolymer. Discuss your results with respect to biopolymer and technique used.

5. Determine viscosity and dynamic surface tension of human blood and its serum and plasma at room temperature using capillary technique. What are the advantages of this technique? Discuss your results with respect to the sample and technique used.

6. Determine elastic constants such as Young’s modulus, rigidity modulus, bulk modulus and Poisson’s ratio of horny material using optical interference technique. What are the advantages of the technique? Discuss your results with respect to the material studied and technique used.

7. Study dielectric properties such as dielectric constant, dielectric loss of hard calcified tissue at microwave frequencies.

8. Determine Auto-catalytic ion efflux constant by measuring the conductivity of the medium during the process of germination of seeds of different physiological conditions.

9. Determine velocity and absorption of ultrasound in bio-fluids using ultrasonic interferometer.

10. Study of osmotic fragility of human blood.

11. Determine specific gravity or density of blood of animals belonging to different locomotion.

12. Find the HVT of a given biomaterial and hence determine mass absorption coefficient.

13. Study the dependence of back scattering of β particles on the thickness of the back scatterer and hence determine the saturation thickness of the given bio-material.

14. Determine inspired volume using sustained maximal inspiration (SMI) technique.

15. Screen the lung function in suspected obstructive airway diseases and study the effectiveness of the bronchodilator therapy.

16. Measure blood pressure of a person in different postures using sphygmomanometer and stethoscope by auscultatory method and discuss your results.

17. Determine helical parameters of proteins and DNA using the x-ray diffractograms.

18. Determine concentration of the chlorophyll present in the given green leaves.

19. Determine the specific rotation of the given optically active medium using polarimeter.

CHEMISTRY LABORATORY




I. Systematic semi-micro qualitative analysis of mixture containing unions (non -Interfering) and two conditions.

i) CO3-2, S-2, Cr-1, Br-1, I-1, SO4-2, PO4-3, Acctate-1, NO3

ii) Ag, Pb+2, Hg+, Bi+3, u+2Cd+2, Fe+3, Al+3, Zu+2, Mn+2, Ba+2, Cn+2, Sr+2, Mg+2, K+, NH4

II. Identification of simple organic compounds: Phenol, Benzoic acid, Aniline, Benzaldehyde, Acotophenanone, Carbohydrates.

III. Preparation of Organic Compounds: Nitrobenzene, Metadinitro Benzene, Acetanyilide, Penta acetyl glucose.

COMPUTER LANGUAGES LABORATORY




DOS AND WINDOWS FUNDAMENTALS

Programs to be written and tested for the following problems in C language:

1. Finding the factorial of a given number.

2. Finding maximum and minimum of a given set of numbers.

3. Fibouncci series generation.

4. Sin x and Co x Values using the series expansion.

5. Matrix addition and multiplication using arrays.

6. Finding the roots of nonlinear equations using Bisection method & Newton-Rephson’s method.

7. Integration of functions using Trapezoidal & Simpson's rules.

8. Solution of ODE's with Ruler & Modified Ruler's & Range Kutta methods.

9. Frequency of occurrence of characters and special characters link /n........ White spaces.

10. Matrix addition and multiplication using pointers.

11. Generation of address tables using structures.

12. Sequential file operations.

Programs to be written and tested for the following problems in C++ language.

1. Write a function that takes two Distance values as arguments and returns the larger one. Include main ( ) program that accepts two Distance figures from the user, compares them and displays the larger.

2. Create a class called time that has separate int member data for hours, minutes and seconds. One constructor should initialize this data to 0 and another constructor should initialize it to fixed values. Amemer function should display it, in 11:59:59 format. The final member function should add 2 objects of the type time passed.

3. Create a class called Employee that contains a name and an employee number and a place of working and his designation, pay details and address. Declare an array of class Employee and read 100 employee’s details and display it and also read a person's name and place of working and search it in the array of records and give the corresponding persons's details.

4. Create a class string that contains a string (array of characters).Define a constructor without argument which initializes the string to null. Define another constructor with an argument as a string, which will be assigned to the string object. Also include another member function which will receive the argument of type string to con................. 2 objects of class string.

5. To the string class defined in above problem, add an overloaded+operator for

Concentrating 2 strings so that the operator should allow statements like S3=S1+S2, where S1, S2, S3 are objects of class string.

6. Write a program those substitutes an overloaded I operator for the overload I operator in the previous problem. This operator should allow a statement like S.......... S2. Where S2 is added to SI and the result left in SI. the operator should also permit the results of the operation to be used in other calculations in S3,S.......................

7. Modify time class from problem 2 no that instead of n function for adding 2 time objects, over load ' 1' operator to add 2 times and overload operator to subtract 2 times.

8. Start with an array of pointers to strings representing the days of the week and provide functions to sort the strings into alphabetical order. Sort the pointers to the strings, not the actual strings.

9. Create a class called cylinder shape for drawing a cylinder on the screen. Class Cylinder Shape should be derived from the class shape.

10. Create a class called Star Shape for drawing stars in a window. Class star shape should be derived from the class shape.

11. Design and implement template functions min() and max() for finding the minimum and maximum values in a list represented by n sequential list <T> object.

12. Write a function Build Person () or Build House () that uses the abstract base class shape and various derived classes to construct a picture of a person or a house.

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