CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Steering Steering

ParallelogramParallelogram

Steering Steering

LinkageLinkage

See Chapter 9See Chapter 9

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Parallelogram Steering LinkageParallelogram Steering Linkage

Defined as:Defined as:

one in which the tie rods are mounted one in which the tie rods are mounted parellel to the lower control armsparellel to the lower control arms

Side by SideSide by Side

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

What is it used on?What is it used on?

This type of steering linkage is used This type of steering linkage is used on most pickups and rear wheel on most pickups and rear wheel drive carsdrive cars

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

ComponentsComponents

See Page - Class 205See Page - Class 205

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

It can be either wayIt can be either way

Rear mounted steering linkageRear mounted steering linkage

Front mounted steering Front mounted steering linkagelinkage

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Pitman ArmPitman Arm

Connects Connects the the steering steering gear to the gear to the steering steering linkagelinkage

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Pitman ArmPitman Arm

Attached to the Attached to the steering gearsteering gear

PitmanPitman

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Two styles of Pitman armsTwo styles of Pitman arms

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Idler ArmIdler Arm

Holds up one side of the steering Holds up one side of the steering linkagelinkage

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Idler ArmIdler Arm

Different styles Different styles of idler arms of idler arms

used on used on steering steering linkageslinkages

Note the wear Note the wear pointspoints

Very Very high high maintiance maintiance

itemitem

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Center linkCenter link

Connects the Pitman to the Idler arm Connects the Pitman to the Idler arm Holds tie rods at the right heightHolds tie rods at the right height

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Different StylesDifferent StylesCenter LinksCenter Links

Tie RodsTie Rods

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Tie Rod placement and lengthTie Rod placement and length is important is important

It must be parellel It must be parellel and close to the and close to the same length in same length in order for the toe order for the toe in to stay in to stay constant during constant during jounce and jounce and reboundrebound

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

The The MOST CRITICAL MOST CRITICAL tire wearing angletire wearing angle

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Tie RodTie Rod

Spring loaded typeSpring loaded typePivot point for the Pivot point for the linkage during linkage during turning and turning and suspension bouncesuspension bounce

Some mechanics over sell Some mechanics over sell by using a large angle by using a large angle headed pliers to test the tie headed pliers to test the tie rod endrod end

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Tie RodTie Rod

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Tie Rod SleeveTie Rod Sleeve

FunctionFunction

To adjust tie rod To adjust tie rod lengthlength

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Tie Rod SleeveTie Rod Sleeve

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Excessive toe in or toe outExcessive toe in or toe out

Inside Inside edgeedge Toe out wears the inside edgeToe out wears the inside edge

Toe in wears the outside edgeToe in wears the outside edge

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Excessive toe in or toe outExcessive toe in or toe out

Scuffing wears Scuffing wears off the edge of off the edge of each tread rib.each tread rib.

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Tie Rod Sleeve Adjustment toolTie Rod Sleeve Adjustment tool

3/8” drive3/8” drive

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Dry Park CheckDry Park Check

This method is an effective way This method is an effective way to check for worn parts which to check for worn parts which will find any problems yet does will find any problems yet does not over sell partsnot over sell parts

With the full weight of the vehicle on With the full weight of the vehicle on the tires, turn the steering wheel back the tires, turn the steering wheel back and forth a small amount, and forth a small amount, quicklyquickly

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Steering armsSteering arms

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

Toe out on turnsToe out on turns

Another steering Another steering linkage stylelinkage style

What kind What kind of burger?of burger?

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

HaltenburgerHaltenburger

Haltenburger style used onHaltenburger style used on

FordFord pickupspickups

CCBBCC

AutoAuto

JJ

HaltenburgerHaltenburger

Haltenburger style used onHaltenburger style used on

OlderOlder pickupspickups

See Page - Class 209See Page - Class 209