Causes of edema
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CAUSES OF OEDEMA
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Abnormal & excessive accumulation of free fluid in interstitial space or serous cavities
Ascites, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC CLASSESIncd hydrostatic pressureImpaired venous return CHF Constrictive pericarditisVenous obs Thrombosis
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CONTD… Ext pressure- mass, pelvic tumor
Lower extremity inactivity PregnancyArteriolar dilatation Heat neurohumoral dysreguln
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Reduced oncotic pressureIncd loss – nephrotic syndromeDecd synthesis – liver failureMalnutrition/malabsorption nutritional oedemao kwashiorkaro wet beri-berio c/c alcoholism
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CONTD…Protein losing enteropathyLymphatic obsInfection fiariasis- early & late stage
LGVMalignancy – CA breast
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CONTD…Radiation injuryResection of lymphatics Na retentionExcessive salt intake + renal insuff
RAAS stimulationDecd Na deliveryConn’s syndrome
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Incd capillary permeabilityInfection /inflamatnSevere sepsis Drug- Ca channel blockerAllergicangioedema
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CONTD…Foods- nuts, shellfishDrugs- penicillin, aspirinAllergy to insect bite or stings
ACE inhibitorsHereditary angioneurotic oedema
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GENERALISED OEDEMARt heart failureNephrotic syndome, a/c nephritic syndromeHypoalbuminemiac/c liver diseaseBeri-beri
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LOCALISED OEDEMAInflammatoryObs to bv/lymphaticsEmaciation & old age Allergic
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PITTING OEDEMA
Cardiac causesRenal causesLiver diseaseEarly stage of filariasisCa channel blockers
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NON PITTINGMyxoedemaElephantiasisangioneurotic
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DEPENDENT OEDEMACardiac failureRenal causes Hypoalbuminemia
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NON DEPENDENTInflammatory Obs to lymphaticsAngioneurotic
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OTHERSPulm oedema-LHF,renal failure,ARDSOedema of brain localised- abscess, neoplasm
generalised- encephalitis, hypertensive crisis, obs to brain’s venous outflow
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CONTD…Myxoedema
Oedema fluid – transudate (CHF) or exudate (inflammatory)
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