Cause & Effect

Matter can be a gas. Gases, like liquids, do not have their own shape. Gases flow to fill the shape of their containers. Molecules that make up gases flow more freely than molecules in a liquid. Gas molecules move around quickly. They are very spread out. This causes most gases to be invisible. When something is invisible, it can’t be seen by the human eye. Many gases do not have color or smell, but some do.

Although we can’t see or smell many gases, we know they exist. We know

this because of the way they interact with other matter.

The air all around you is a gas. Air is made of many different types of gases. These gases are always moving. Steam, or water vapor, is the gas form of water.

You can see it when you heat liquid water

hot enough for it to boil. Some of it will evaporate and

change into a gas. Helium is a gas that some people use to fill balloons. The balloons float with the light helium gas inside. What other gases do you know about?

Is It Gas?

Imag

es c

ourt

esy

of G

etty

Imag

es.

When different types of matter are mixed together, it is called a mixture. In some mixtures, it is easy to see all the things you mixed together. For some mixtures, it is hard to see what you mixed together. If you mix dry rice and dry beans in a bowl, it would be easy to see them separately. If you mix milk and chocolate syrup, it would be hard to see them separately. A mixture that is a liquid is called a solution. Any mixture can be separated. Some are easier to separate than others. Which

mixture would be more difficult to separate into its parts: the rice and bean mixture or the chocolate milk solution?

Mixing Matter

Gases

Energy & Matter

Matter is all around us. Matter is anything that takes up space. Water is made of matter. Boats are made of matter. Even clouds are made of matter! Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are the most basic

unit of matter. When two or more atoms are joined together, a molecule is formed. Molecules come together to create matter. Depending on how close the molecules are, the matter can take different forms, or states. The states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.

What Is Matter?What Is Matter?

States of Matter

PHYSICAL Name ________________________________________________________________________________

Week 7 of 32 • Page 4

States of Matter WEEK 7

SECOND GRADE

UNIT: STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF MATTER

PHENOMENON

Why does the same volume of liquid look different in various containers?

Stability & Change

Structure & Function

Week 7 of 32 • Page 3States of MatterStates of Matter

Matter can be solid. Solids have their own unique shape and size. Molecules that make up solids are tightly packed together. Solids don’t flow. Their shapes don’t change like liquids and gases.

Most objects that you can see are solid. A chair is solid. Your pencil is solid. Even your friend’s hair is an

example of solid matter. What other solids do you see around you?

Matter can be liquid. Liquids do not have their own shape and size. Liquids have volume. Volume is the amount of space something takes up. Molecules that make up liquids flow to take the shape of their container. Liquids may have the same volume but don’t look the same. If you put one liter of lemonade in a tall, thin glass, its shape will be tall and thin, like the glass. If you put one liter of lemonade in a fishbowl, its shape will look like the fishbowl. The liters of lemonade look very different in different containers. However, the volume is the same.

All liquids take the shape of their container. They have to be in a container, or they will spread out and flow onto a surface. Many drinks are liquid,

like water, milk, and juice. Glue is also liquid. It is

just thicker than other liquids. Rain is liquid. The bodies of water on Earth are also liquid. What other liquids do you see around you?

Solids Is It Solid?

Liquids Is It Liquid?

Milk

ActivityCircle the examples of solid matter.

Draw a triangle around the examples of liquid matter.

Draw a box around the examples of gas matter.

Cause & Effect

Matter can be a gas. Gases, like liquids, do not have their own shape. Gases flow to fill the shape of their containers. Molecules that make up gases flow more freely than molecules in a liquid. Gas molecules move around quickly. They are very spread out. This causes most gases to be invisible. When something is invisible, it can’t be seen by the human eye. Many gases do not have color or smell, but some do.

Although we can’t see or smell many gases, we know they exist. We know

this because of the way they interact with other matter.

The air all around you is a gas. Air is made of many different types of gases. These gases are always moving. Steam, or water vapor, is the gas form of water.

You can see it when you heat liquid water

hot enough for it to boil. Some of it will evaporate and

change into a gas. Helium is a gas that some people use to fill balloons. The balloons float with the light helium gas inside. What other gases do you know about?

Is It Gas?

Imag

es c

ourt

esy

of G

etty

Imag

es.

When different types of matter are mixed together, it is called a mixture. In some mixtures, it is easy to see all the things you mixed together. For some mixtures, it is hard to see what you mixed together. If you mix dry rice and dry beans in a bowl, it would be easy to see them separately. If you mix milk and chocolate syrup, it would be hard to see them separately. A mixture that is a liquid is called a solution. Any mixture can be separated. Some are easier to separate than others. Which

mixture would be more difficult to separate into its parts: the rice and bean mixture or the chocolate milk solution?

Mixing Matter

Gases

Energy & Matter

Matter is all around us. Matter is anything that takes up space. Water is made of matter. Boats are made of matter. Even clouds are made of matter! Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are the most basic

unit of matter. When two or more atoms are joined together, a molecule is formed. Molecules come together to create matter. Depending on how close the molecules are, the matter can take different forms, or states. The states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.

What Is Matter?What Is Matter?

States of Matter

PHYSICAL Name ________________________________________________________________________________

Week 7 of 32 • Page 4

States of Matter WEEK 7

SECOND GRADE

UNIT: STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF MATTER

PHENOMENON

Why does the same volume of liquid look different in various containers?