Catalogo H Max 0011ENG Rev00

8/9/2019 Catalogo H Max 0011ENG Rev00

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0010ENG Rev. 00 18/02/2008

AGOM INTERNATIONAL SRLVia Mesero, 12 – 20010 Ossona (MI) – Italy - www.agom.it

PH.: +39 02 9029111 – FAX: +39 02 9010201 – [email protected]

H - M

A X

B E A R I N G S


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H - M a x b e a r i n g s

Agom H-Max bearings are designed to carry horizontal loads, allowlongitudinal or transversal movements and rotations and they are used insteel and concrete road and railway bridges.

Depending on whether the bearing is fixed or guided sliding, Agom H-Max

bearings accommodate horizontal forces, as well as movements inlongitudinal or transversal directions.

Agom H-Max bearings can carry very high horizontal loads and in case ofspecial design they can take also uplift vertical loads typically due to overturning effects due to highhorizontal transversal

Fi x e d H - M a x H LB F

These bearings consist of a piston inserted in a base plate. The bearings enable rotation in any directionwhile at the same time the structure is constrained horizontally and all the horizontal forces aretransmitted; hence the bearing acts like a spherical hinge to fix the structure.

G u id e d s l i d i n g H - M a x H L BG

Guided sliding devices are similar in construction to fixed bearings but with the addition of sliding plateand guides in order to allow the motion along one direction. The H-Max HLGB bearings can enablerotation in any direction, allow the movement along one direction and transmit the horizontal loadperpendicular to the motion direction.

The bearing acts like a spherical hinge that can move in the longitudinal or transversal directiondepending on the guide orientation.

Depending on the required rotation values, the bearing can be composed by two plates with a centralguide and two lateral guides (small rotation < 0.005 rad) or by a central piston that allows thefunctioning as special hinge.

HLBG device suitable for rotation > 0.005 rad HLBG device suitable for rotation < 0.005 rad


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I n t e r n a t i o n a l st a n d a r d s

Agom H-Max bearings are designed and manufactured in accordance with the requirements of a widerange of international standards (European EN1337.8, British BS 5400, Italian CNR 10018, German DIN4141, French SETRA B.T.4. and American AASHTO). Every single component is mechanically worked and

assembled by fully qualified and trained workers at the Agom factory under strict ISO 9001:2008accredited quality control standards.

Q u a l i t y o f t h e m a t e r i a l s

A u s t e n i t i c s t e e l s h e e t

The austenitic steel used for sliding surfaces is X5CrNiMo17-12-2 in accordance with EN 10088-2 1.4401with a minimum thickness of 1.5 mm

The roughness is Ry5i ≤ 1 μm

The hardness ≥ 150 HV1 and ≤ 220 HV1

CM1 f o r g u i d e s

Agom for the guide sliding surfaces uses CM1 material in accordance to EN1337-2 code.

Fr i c t i o n o f t h e b e a r i n g s

The reaction of the bearing to the movement can be mathematically calculated by considering frictioncoefficient between stainless steel and CM1 material, the design friction values are in accordance to EN

1337-2 section 6.7.

Fe r r o u s m a t e r i a l :

The structural parts of the devices are manufactured from ferrous material in accordance with EN 10025standard.

Fi x i n g t y p e s

Usually all the H-Max bearings are equipped with suitable anchor bars for anchoring purpose to lower andupper structure.

In case of pre-cast concrete beam the bearings can be provided with upper bolts connection and topsubsidiary plate; in case of steel beams the bearings shall be provided with upper connecting bolts.

In case of cast in situ structures the bearing fixing is given by lower and upper anchor bars.

The fixing connection (bolts and anchor bars) are designed to absorb the design horizontal loads andtensile loads that are consequent to the overturning moment due to horizontal load transmission.


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Com p r e h e n s i v e La b e l l i n g

All the bearings are provided with a metal label detailing the proprieties of thebearings:

• bearing type

• maximum horizontal loads• rotation• order number

• date of manufacture

The top face of the bearing gives information on the type of the bearing, thedirection of the axis of the bridge, the presetting (if any), the position.

A g om H - M a x B e a r i n g s a c ce s so r i e s

D u s t p r o t e c t i o n

The dust protection around the sliding plate ensure the cleaning of the slidingsurfaces to minimize the friction during sliding and guarantee the durability ofthe sliding material.

Co r r o s io n p r o t e c t i o n

Steel components exposed to the elements are protected against corrosion. Agom adapts the corrosionprotection in accordance to the aggressiveness of the environment in which the bearings are to beinstalled and to each customer’s requirements.

The standard corrosion protection according EN 1337-9 is as follows:

- sandblasting SA2.5 grade- two components high thickness epoxy zinc paint:

250 µm

The high resistant corrosion protection (metallization) is as follow:

- sandblasting SA 2.5 grade- metal spraying to 85 µm with Zn/Al 85/15- sealing: Epoxy sealer 20-25 µm- top coat: Polyurethane paint 100 µm

In case of application in high aggressive environment suitable corrosion protection according to

corrosivity category C5-M H Marine Environment can be provided.


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Gu i d e l i n e s fo r t h e d e s ig n o f a s t r u c t u r e w i t h A g o m H - M a x b e a r i n g s

In this section a simple guideline for the design of a structure equipped with Agom bearing is presented,the design procedure is summarized in the following steps:

1. Selection of the structure static link scheme (fixed and movable support bearings)

2. Calculation of the loads (horizontal) on the bearings according to the fixity scheme

3. Calculation of the bearing rotations and movements

4. Insert all the bearing design data in to the bearing design table (example table B.1 of theEN1337-1 code attached at the end of the document)

5. Using the bearing drawings provided by Agom design the interface parts between structure andbearings as: the vertical space between lower and upper structure to place the bearing and theupper structure interface where the bearing upper plate will be positioned

6. If necessary design the slope compensator to be placed between the bearing and upper structure inorder to adjust the permanent slope (longitudinal and transverse slopes of a bridge deck). The

deck’s slope must be always compensated in order to keep the sliding surface in the horizontalplane (normally the slope is compensated above the bearing between its sliding plate and theupper structure). In any case the whole bearing cannot be installed inclined. With H-Max bearingnormally a permanent slope of 0.005 rad can be directly compensated by the bearing rotation.


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DES I GN OF A STRUCTURE W I T H H -M a x B EAR I NGS

SELECTION OF THE STRUCTURESTATIC LINK SCHEME

(FIXED AND MOVABLE BEARINGS)

CALCULATION OF THE

BEARINGS ROTATIONS ANDMOVEMENTS

USE THE H-MAX BEARING DRAWINGS

IUSSUED BY AGOM TO DESGIN THESTRCTURE INFERFACE UNDER AND

ABOVE THE BEARING

FILL IN THE BEARINGS DESIGN TABLE DATA(EXAMPLE TABLE B.1 OF EN1337-1 CODE)

IF NECESSARY, DESIGN THE SLOPED

WEDGE TO BE PLACED BETWEENSTRUCTURE AND BEARING

CALCULATION OF THE HORIZONTAL LOADSON THE BEARINGS ACCORDING TO THE

SELECTED FIXITY SCHEME


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A d v a n t a g e s o f u s i n g A g om H - M a x b e a r i n g s

The Agom H-Max bearings fulfil the following requirements:

a. Transmit the horizontal loads with in practise no limitation of the design load

b. Allow rotation as per a spherical hinge. Standard design is for rotation

of ±0.01 rad or ±0.02 rad

c. No limitation for of horizontal displacement

d. Suitable for all structures steel and concrete bridges and buildings

e. High durability and easy maintenance

f. Since each device is specifically designed for each project, it can be suitably

adapted to the client requirement (size, height, position of anchorages, etc..)

NO LIMITS

HORIZONTAL

LOADS

HIGHDURABILITY

NOMAINTAINANCE

NO LIMITSHORIZONTAL

DISPLACEMENT


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H a n d l in g a n d s t o r a g e i n s t a l l a t i o n a n d m a in t e n a n c e

This manual gives the main list of the most important operations to correctlyinstall the AGOM bridge bearings.

Under control of the Engineer who designed the bridge, bearings must beinstalled by expert workers, with precision to meet the bridge and bearingdesign criteria.

Inappropriate handling, storage and installation will have an adverse effect onthe bearing life, usually estimated in more than 50 years providing right

maintenance.

AGOM structural bearings are manufactured to close tolerances by skilled technicians working in cleanconditions.

To obtain the requisite performance from bearings it is imperative that they are properly handled at thework site and installed with the same care as when they were assembled in the factory.

AGOM bearings are clearly identified and marked on the top plate to ensure correct installation. Thetypeface on the cover or sliding plate gives information on the type, size and number of the bearing.Moreover, arrows indicate the movement axis and the presetting direction (if applicable).

Every bearing is provided with a steel identification label with all the most important bearing information

H a n d l in g a n d s t o r a g e

Care should be taken in storage to prevent contamination and damage to theworking surfaces. AGOM bearings should be stored in a controlled environmentwhere they are protected from contamination, misuse and excessive moisture.

Robust transportation devices are fitted to all bearings to ensure that thecomponents are maintained in they correct relative positions before andduring installation. The devices are normally finished in red paint.

Unless special devices have been specified, they should not be used forslinging or suspending the bearings beneath beams.Due to unpredictable conditions, which may occur during transportation or handling on site, thealignment and presetting (if applicable) of the assembled bearing should be checked against the drawing.Do not try to rectify any discrepancies on site.Bearing too heavy to be lifted by hand should be properly slung using lifting equipment.

P r e s e t t i n g

If bearing are required to preset eg. where once only large movements mayoccur during stressing operations, this should be specified as a requirementand should only be carried out in AGOM prior to despatch.Do not attempt this operation on site.


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I n s t a l l a t i o n

The installation procedure of the bearings generally depends on the structure type. The main steps are:

1. Check before installation.

In order to avoid placements mistakes of the bearings, all the technical and description data, printed onthe label, shall be checked and compared with the ones showed in the shop drawings.

2. Casting of the substructures.Substructures shall reach a level about 30 mm lower thenthe final level.

In order to install the bearings suitable voids spaces mustbe provided to insert the bearing lower anchor bars.

An easy way to leave the voids is to use corrugated steelpipes grouted into the concrete with a diameter at least

double compared with the diameter of the anchor bars.

3. Bearing positioning and substructure casting.

The bearings are placed at the final exact level supportingit by temporary wedge spacers; the maximum deviationfrom the horizontal plan does not exceed 0.001 radians.

In order to fix the bearings and anchor bars a formworkaround the lower base plate must be provided (normally awood or steel formwork is used).

To grout the bearing a high strength non-shrink, quicksetting cement mortar with compression strength > 45Mpa has to be used; if the thickness of the mortarexceeds 40 mm a suitable reinforcement shall beprovided.

The temporary wedges used to keep the bearing in rightposition shall be removed after mortar hardening andremaining voids shall be filled by the same mortar.

The level of the cement mortar shall not exceed bottom

level of the bearings steel lower plate to avoid bearingsembedding compromising the eventual future bearingreplacement.

Substructure casting

Wedge spacers

Bearing positioning


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4. Casting of the superstructure – cast-in-situsuperstructure

Superstructure formwork must be arranged around thebearing upper steel plate and sealed with adhesivetape or foam to avoid concrete leakage during casting.

The formwork must be arranged in a suitable way toavoid embedding of the bearing upper plate intoconcrete to avoid bearing embedding compromising theeventual future replacement. The formwork must besupported at the design level during concrete pouring.

When the concrete has reached adequate resistancethe supports and formwork have to be removed. At theend of the construction the bearings must be cleaned

and the painting of the steel plates repaired if somedamages occurred during construction.

5. Casting of the superstructure - prefabricatedsuperstructure

The bearings normally have upper anchorages thatmust be inserted into the suitable voids of theprefabricated structure.

After the prefabricated beam has been placed in thefinal position (the beam must be supported ontemporary supports), the bearing upper plate must besurrounded by a seal (normally rubber seal withsuitable injection and leakage pipes).

The gap and anchorages voids between plate and beamhave to be filled by high strength mortar.

When the mortar has achieved sufficient strength totransmit the weight of the bearings; the temporary

supports shall then be removed.

At the end of the construction the bearings must becleaned and the painting of the steel plates repaired ifsome damages occurred during construction.

Formwork placing and concrete pouring

Formwork removal

Holes for

mortar

P r e f a b r i ca t e d b e am p o s i t i o n i n g a n d

b e a r i n g f i x i n g

T em p o r a r i ly s u p p o r t r e m o v a l


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R emo v a l o f t r a n s p o r t d e v i c e s

The transport devices, normally painted red should only be removed when thebearing is properly installed and ready for operation.

Any tapped holes exposed after removal of transportation brackets etc (coloured

red) should be sealed with self-vulcanizing silicon sealant.

Ma i n t e n a n c e o f B ea r i n g s

The service life of a bearing is usually exstimated in more than 50 years.The most important thing to assure such a long life time is a correct and careful maintenance of thebearing, that is usually installed in a severe environment.

The requested bearing inspection and maintenance program that could be adapted and improved by thebridge designer to the specific service conditions of the bridge is fully described in the “Inspection andwarranty manual” that can be download from Agom web site www.agom.it .

PRINCIPAL

INSPECTION

PRINCIPAL

INSPECTION

AFTER

INSTALLATION

INSPECTION

REGULAR

INSPECTION

REGULAR

INSPECTION

INSTALLATION

AFTER

1 YEAR

MAX EVERY

5 YEARS


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A typical complete routine check of the bearing installed should be comprehensive of the followingactivities.

Paint and other specified protective coatings must bemaintained in good and efficient condition and free fromscratches or chips. Any areas of the protective coating showingdamage or distress must be rectified as soon as it is seen

Area surrounding the bearings must be kept clean and dry andfree from the adverse effects of external influences such asairborne debris or water/salt (for example flow out fromleaking joints)

The wearing surfaces of the bearing must be checked to ensurethat they are continuing to operate efficiently. Where possibleseals should be checked to ensure that they are undamaged

Fixing bolts must be checked for tightness.Any bedding material showing signs of distress or

ineffectiveness must be replaced and the reason for its failureinvestigated and corrected

Routine inspections shall include a check that translational androtational capacities of the bearing have not been exceededand show no sign of being likely to exceeded the requirementsspecified at the design stage.

PTFE discs should be within limits of their design movementand have at least 1 mm thickness of material visible. Excessmovement will be evident if the PTFE disc have moved outsidethe limits of the stainless steel slider plate


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A g om H - M a x b e a r in g c o m b i n e d w i t h a n t i l i f t in g s y s t e m

The Agom H-Max bearing can be equipped with antilifting tool in order to absorb the negative tensile verticalforces due to overturning effect consequent to high transversal horizontal loads.The antilifting tools can be applied to all the H-max bearing (fixed and guided) with different systemsdepending on the bearing type and tensile load value.It is possible to cover a very wide range of tensile loads by suitable design of antilifting tools.

An example of H-max bearing combined with antilifting tools is shown in the following figure:

A g om H - M a x d e s i g n p a r a m e t e r s

Normally the required input parameters that the structural designer has to provide to Agom engineers fordevice design and constructions are the one of the bearing design table for example the table B.1 ofEN1337-1 code (attached at the end of this document):


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Maximum horizontal loadVSd

αd

ν,d

Bearing lower and upper interface

surface with the structure

(available space for bearing installation,

material and design resistance)

c,

A,B

Bearing design rotation(seismic, thermal, irreversible movements)

Bearing design displacement(seismic, thermal, irreversible movements)


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Bearing design table according to EN1337-1 code

The purpose of this bridge bearing schedule is to list the information normally required for the design of

the bearings for a particular structure. This information should ensure that bearings are designed andmanufactured so that, under the influence of all possible actions, unfavourable effects of the bearing onthe structure are avoided. A drawing should accompany the schedule showing the layout of the bearingswith identification marks, including a typical cross section of the bridge and particular of any speciallocating requirements. Bearing function should be indicated on the drawing by appropriate symbols.

Every item listed in the “bearing design table” should be considered, but some may not be applicable to aparticular bearing. Only relevant information should be given and when an item in the schedule is notapplicable this should be stated. Additional information should be added when special conditions exist.

Here above you can find a short explanation of each item listed in the “bearing design table”

BEARING IDENTIFICATION MARKBearing with different function or load carryingrequirements should be distinguished by a unique referencemark

NUMBER OFF The required number for each item

SEATING MATERIAL

The materials on which each outer bearing plate bearsshould be stated as it may affect the design and finish ofthese plates

AVERAGE DESIGN CONTACT PRESSURE The pressure of the effective contact area

DESIGN LOAD AFFECTS

The structure designer should give the worst individualvalues of the design load effects in the schedule. The mostadverse combination of these values is usually sufficient fora satisfactory design of bearing. Only in special cases wouldgreater economy be achieved by considering the actualcoexistent values of load effects, in which case these shouldbe given in detail.


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DISPLACEMENT

Displacement of the structure at a bearing should bedetermined and factored. Allowance should be made for anymovement of the supporting structures.Transverse and longitudinal movements are normally in a

direction perpendicular and parallel to the longitudinal axisof a bridge span, respectively. Where there is any likelihoodof ambiguity directions of movement should be clearly

indicated on the accompanying drawing.

ROTATION

The irreversible and reversible rotations at the serviceabilitylimit state (SLS), which the bearing is required toaccommodate, should be given in radians.

MAXIMUM BEARING DIMENSIONSThe maximum sizes of the bearing that can be

accommodated should be stated

TOLERABLE MOVEMENT OF BEARING

UNDER TRANSIENT LOADS

The movement that can be tolerated at the bearing undertransient loads, in directions in which the bearing is meantto provide restraint

ALLOWABLE RESISTANCE TOTRASLATION UNDER SLS [kN.] (ifrelevant)

In the design of the structure, reaction to displacementmovements may be of significance, in which case theacceptable horizontal force generated by the bearing shouldbe given for the serviceability limit state (SLS). The valuesto be given are those for slowly applied movements at

normal temperatures (any necessary extra allowance for

low temperatures and rapidly applied movements shouldbe made by the designer of the structure).

ALLOWABLE RESISTANCE TO ROTATIONUNDER SLS [kN*m] (if relevant)

In the design of the structure, reaction to rotation may beof significance in which case the acceptable moment ofreaction generated by the bearing, when subjected to the

critical design load effects, should be given for theserviceability design state.

TYPE OF FIXING REQUIRED

Various means of fixing the bearing to the superstructureand substructure are available, appropriate to different typeof bearing. Particular requirements, such as friction, bolts,dowels, keys or other devices, should be stated.


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Bearing Design Table

Reference:………………………………………………. Date:…………………………………….

Bridge Name: …………………………………………. Table: …………..… of ……………….

BEARING IDENTIFICATION MARK

NUMBER OFF

Upper surfaceSEATING MATERIAL

(e.g. cement,

mortar, epoxy

mortar, in situconcrete, precast

concrete, steel,

timber.)

Lower surface

SLSUpper

face ULS

SLS

AVERAGE DESIGNCONTACT

PRESSURE [N/mm2] Lower

face ULS

Max

Permanentvertica

l

Min.

Transverse

ULS

Longitudinal

Vertical

Transverse

DESIGN LOAD

AFFECTS [kN]

SLS

Longitudinal

TransverseULS

Longitudinal

Transverse

DISPLACEMENT[mm]

SLSLongitudinal

TransverseROTATION ULS

Longitudinal

Transverse

LongitudinalMAXIMUM BEARINGDIMENSIONS [mm]

Overall Height

Vertical

Transverse

TOLERABLE MOVEMENT OF

BEARING UNDER TRANSIENT

LOADS [mm](If relevant) Longitudinal

TransverseALLOWABLE RESISTANCE TO

TRASLATION UNDER SLS [kN.m](if relevant) Longitudinal

TransverseALLOWABLE RESISTANCE TO

ROTATION UNDER SLS [kN.m]

(if relevant) Longitudinal

Upper faceTYPE OF FIXING REQUIRED

Lower face


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MORE THAN 4 0 YEARS EXPER I ENCE DESI GN I NG AND

MA N I FACTUR I NG D EV I CES FOR CONSTRUCT I ON , OFFSHORE AND

I NDUSTRI A L MARKETS

Bridge bearings• Elastomeric Bridgebearings

• bearings• Spherical bearings• Incremental Launching

bearings

• Horizontal loadbearings

• Special bearings

Seismic Isolators• High damping rubberbearings

• Lead core rubberbearings

• Multilayer rubberbearings

• Shock transmitters• Shock absorber• Rubber dampers

Expansion joints• Elastomeric joints• Joints for highmovements

• Finger joints• Buried joints• Railway joints

Services• Design• Consulting• On site assistance• Installations• Tests• Inspection

AGOM INTERNATIONAL SRL Via Mesero, 12 – 20010 Ossona (MI) - ItalyPH.: +39 02 9029111 – FAX: +39 02 9010201 www.agom.it - e-mail: [email protected]

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Catalogo H Max 0011ENG Rev00

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