Cash flow analysis
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Transcript of Cash flow analysis
CASH FLOWS ANALYSIS
It is the statement that tells about the inflows and outflows of the firm coming from:
- Operating activities- Financing activities- Investing activities
CASH FLOWS STATETEMENT
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THE CASH FLOWS AND THE FIRM’S BUSINESS CYCLE
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It is the cash flow generated by the firm from its day to day operations and not from financing or investment operations
Normal business activity of the company
Operating Cash Flow= EBITDA – change in working capital
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
EBITDA
Change in WCChange in WC
Cash flow from operations
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EXAMPLE: CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
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Excess of cash that allows the firm to pay its debt, pay dividends, and make investment
Growth in cash flows from Operations depends on three variables:
- Business growth- Profitability growth- Working capital growth
Cash flows of companies having high working capital might decrease in periods of sales growth. Saying that the business does not throw off cash is a wrong conclusion!
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ANALYSIS OF CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Cash flows coming from:
- Acquisitions and disposals
- R&D
-Investment in securities
- …
CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
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Assess the investment policy of the firm:
- Define the development strategy of the firm:
• Organic growth (investment in PP&E);
• External growth (acquisitions)
-Analysis of the cash flows from disposals (sale of business units or other assets):
• Pay long term debt• Keep the core business
ANALYSIS OF CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
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EXAMPLE
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Cash flows = Fund raising :
-Bank loans
- Issue of stock (capital increase)
- Issue of debt
CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
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Cash flow from financing: result from the firm’s operations and its investment policy
Use external ressources if the capacity of the firm to generate internally cash is not adequate
Analyze the following:
- Is the cash flow from operations adequate to pay Medium and long term debt?
- To what extent the firm financed its investment from internal resources?
- Can the firm raise capital and how its shareholding structure is?
ANALYSIS OF CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
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EXAMPLE
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How strong is the firm's internal cash flow generation?
-Is the cash flow from operating activities positive or negative?
-If it is negative, why?
o Is it because its operations are unprofitable?
o Or is it having difficulty managing its working capital properly?
ANALYSIS OF CASH FLOWS: MAIN QUESTIONS
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Does the company have the ability to meet its short-term financial obligations, such as interest payments, from its operating cash flow?
How much cash did the company invest in growth?
- Are these investments consistent with its business strategy?
- Did the company use internal cash flow to finance growth, or did it rely on external financing?
ANALYSIS OF CASH FLOWS: MAIN QUESTIONS
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Did the company pay dividends from internal free cash flow, or did it have to rely on external financing?
What type of external financing does the company rely on?
- Equity, short-term debt, or long-term debt?-Is the financing consistent with the company's overall business risk?
ANALYSIS OF CASH FLOWS: MAIN QUESTIONS
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The Quality of Income Ratio is calculated as:
Cash Flow from Operations
Net Income
This ratio should be > 1 for a healthy firm
QUALITY OF INCOME RATIO
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PROBLEM SOLVING
1 2 3 4 5
Net PP&E 100 110 120 130 140
Working capital 200 225 250 280 315
EBITDA NA 40 44 48 52
Depreciation NA 10 11 12 13
Interest expense NA 15 17 19 22
Tax expense NA 7.5 8 8 8.5
Dividends
Source: Vernimmen
5 5 5 5
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1-Prepare a cash flow statement starting from year 22- Calculate the quality of income ratio of the firm 3- Analyze the growth in cash flows for the firm
A start up showed the floowing cash flows during the last 5 years of its business activity:
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