CARTILAGE AND ITS TYPESPresented by:Amna Nasir

WHAT IS CARTILAGE?

Connective tissue Composed of:

Cells-Chondrocytes Fibers-Collagen

Embedded in gel like matrix: Mucopolysaccharide provides nutrition

Much elastic than bone

GENERAL FEATURES

Avascular-no blood vessels Nutrients diffuses through

matrix(mucopolysachride) No nerves-Insensitive Surrounded by:

Perichondrium: Similar to periosteum in structure and function Absent in articular cartilage-no regeneration after

injury

Gets calcified Chondrocytes die and is replaced by bone

COMPARISON BETWEEN BONE AND CARTILAGE

Bone• Hard• Inflexible• Calcium salts present• Vascular• Bone marrow is present

Cartilage• Firm• Flexible• Calcium salts absent• Avascular• Bone marrow is absent

TYPES OF CARTILAGEThere are three types of cartilage:

Hyaline cartilage Fibrocartilage Elastic cartilage

HYALINE CARTILAGE

Most abundant Highest water content Has perichondrium

Except articular cartilage Bluish white colour and is flexible Shiny and translucent-allow light to ass

through Very thin fibers Found in:

Articular cartilage of long bones Sternum and ribs Nasal cartilage Laryngeal cartilage

HYALINE CARTILAGE

FIBROCARTILAGE

Glistering white colour Opaque Numerious white fibers Most firm Found in:

Intervertebral disc Temporo-mandibular joints Sterno-clavicular joints

EXAMPLES OF FIBROCARTILAGE

ELASTIC CARTILAGE

Yellowish colour Opaque Numerious yellow fibers Most flexible Examples:

Ear pinna Epiglottis