Education & Career Guidance23 - 24 February, Republic PolytechnicConference 2009G uidance B ranchEducation Program m es D ivisionM inistry of EducationContentsEvents @ A Glance4About the Conference Speakers6Synopses15Good ECG Practices in 25Singapore SchoolKeynote Address Slides27Pleanary Session 1 Slides42Pleanary Session 2 Slides54Acknowledgment70Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 03Conference dat e and t ime:23 Feb 2009:0830 hrs 1730 hrs(conf erence regi st rat i on & breakf astst artf rom 0745 hrs, del egat es t o be seat ed by 0815 hrs)24 Feb 2009:0830 hrs 1300 hrs(conf erence regi st rat i on & breakf astst artf rom 0745 hrs, del egat es t o be seat ed by 0815 hrs) Conference Venue:The Republ i c Cul t uralCent re @ Republ i c Pol yt echni c9 Woodl ands Ave 9, Si ngapore 738964 Aboutt he Conference:The Educat i on and Career Gui dance (ECG) Conf erence 2009 i s partoft he Mi ni st ry ofEducat i ons ef f ortt o bui l d t he capaci t y ofschoolpersonneli nvol ved i n i mpl ement i ng ECG i n school s. Theme Rai si ng Awareness, Expl ori ng Possi bi l i t i es, Pl anni ng t he Fut ure . Object ivesThe obj ect i ves oft he Conf erence are f or part i ci pant s t o:a.Be aware oft he ECG Devel opment alModelb.Gai n knowl edge oft he l at estdevel opment s andemergi ng t rends i n ECG f rom renowned l ocalandoverseas prof essi onal s i n t he el d ofECG; andc.Learn f rom i dent i ed school s on t hei r good pract i cesi n ECG.Speakers and Schools Present ingThi s i nauguralconf erence consi st s ofa speci alt al k by Dr. Beh Swan Gi n f rom Si ngapore Economi c Devel opmentBoard, a keynot e address by Dr. Ri chard Lapan f rom Uni versi t y ofMassachuset t s Amherstand pl enary sessi ons by Dr. Mi chaelGoh f rom t he Uni versi t y ofMi nnesot a and Dr. Scot tSol berg f rom t he Uni versi t y ofWi sconsi n, Madi son.Besi des t he keynot e address and pl enary sessi ons, t he Conf erence al so consi stofbreakoutsessi ons. Part i ci pant s wi l lat t end vari ous concurrentsessi ons l ect ured by renowned l ocaland overseas ECG expert s i ncl udi ng Dr. Est her Tan and Dr. El ena Luif rom Nat i onalInst i t ut e ofEducat i on (NIE), Dr. Josephi ne Ki m f rom Harvard Graduat e SchoolofEducat i on and Dr. Laura Not a f rom Uni versi t y ofPadova. School s are al so i nvi t ed t o share good ECG pract i ces duri ng t he concurrentsessi ons. More i nf ormat i on aboutt he speakers and t he sessi ons can be f ound i n t he det ai l ed synopses.Education & Career Guidance (ECG) 2009 ConferenceEvents @ A Glance04 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Information accurate at time of print Updated as @ 9 Feb 09Ti meProgramme f or Monday,Sessi onSpeakerLocat i on23 Feb 09Code7:45Conf erence Regi st rat i on TRCC Foyer& Breakf ast8:30Openi ng Address andMrs Tan Chi ng YeeTRCC Theat re Launch ofECG Port al(PermanentSecret ary, MOE)by G.O.H8:50Tal k by GuestSpeakerDr. Beh Swan Gi nTRCC Theat re(Managi ng Di rect or, EDB)9:10Keynot e AddressDr. Ri chard LapanTRCC Theat re10:30Morni ng Tea BreakTRCC Foyer11:00Pl enary Sessi on 1Dr. V. Scot tSol bergTRCC Theat re12:30Conf erence LunchTRCC Foyer14:00 - 15:30ConcurrentSessi on 1CS1-ADr. Ri chard LapanTRCC Theat reCS1-BDr. Mi chaelGohTRCC St udi oCS1-CDr. Est her TanTRCC LabCS1-DDr. LuiHah Wah El enaDance St udi o 1CS1-EGood ECG Pract ices in SchoolsAgora Hal l1CS1-FDr. Laura Not aDance St udi o 2CS1-GDr. Josephi ne Ki mAgora Hal l415:30Af t ernoon Tea BreakTRCC Foyer16:00 - 17:30ConcurrentSessi on 2CS2-ADr. V. Scot tSol bergTRCC Theat reCS2-BDr. Mi chaelGohTRCC St udi oCS2-CDr. Est her TanTRCC LabCS2-DDr. LuiHah Wah El enaDance St udi o 1CS2-EGood ECG Pract ices in SchoolsAgora Hal l1CS2-FDr. Laura Not aDance St udi o 2CS2-GDr. Josephi ne Ki mAgora Hal l417:30End ofday 1AGORA HALL1 & HALL4Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 05Information accurate at time of print Updated as @ 9 Feb 09Ti meProgramme f or Monday,Sessi onSpeakerLocat i on23 Feb 09Code7:45Conf erence Regi st rat i on TRCC Foyer& Breakf ast8:30Pl enary Sessi on 2Dr. Mi chaelGohTRCC Theat re10:00 - 11:30ConcurrentSessi on 3CS3-ADr. Ri chard LapanTRCC Theat reCS3-BDr. V. Scot tSol bergTRCC St udi oCS3-CDr. Est her TanTRCC LabCS3-DDr. LuiHah Wah El enaDance St udi o 1CS3-EGood ECG Pract ices in SchoolsAgora Hal l1CS3-FDr. Laura Not aDance St udi o 2CS3-GDr. Josephi ne Ki mAgora Hal l411:30Morni ng Tea BreakTRCC Foyer12:00PanelDi scussi onChai red by Mr. Puvan TRCC Theat reAri arat nam, DDNE, MOE12:45Cl osi ng RemarksMs Sum Chee Wah, Di rect or, TRCC Theat reEducat i on Programmes, MOE13:00End ofday 2About the Conference Speakers06 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009DrBehwasappoi nt edasManagi ngDi rect orof t heSi ngapore Economi c Devel opmentBoard f rom 1 August2008.Hej oi nedEDBi nNovember1992andhashel dvari ousport f ol i os w i t hi nEDB,rangi ngf romi ndust rydevel opment t opl anni ng&pol i cy, andf romcorporat edevel opment t ogl obal operat i ons. Thesei ncl uded l eadershi p rol es i n t he devel opmentofSi ngapores Bi omedi calSci ences i ndust rycl ust erf rom2001t o2006,asw el l asoverseasassi gnment s i n EDBs Nort h Ameri can operat i ons f rom 1995 t o 2000. Bet w eenOct ober2006andJanuary2007,DrBehwasconcurrent l y Execut i veDi rect orof t heBi omedi cal ResearchCounci l at t he Agency f orSci ence, Technol ogy&Research.Inaddi t i on,hewasconcurrent l y Di rect orof t heMi ni st ryofTrade&Indust rysEnergyPl anni ngDi vi si on bet w een June and December 2006.Dr Beh i s a medi caldoct or by t rai ni ng and graduat ed f rom t he Nat i onalUni versi t yof Si ngapore.Hei sal soaSl oanFel l ow w i t haMast erofSci encei nManagement f romSt anf ordUni versi t ysGraduat eSchoolofBusi ness.Hei sont heBoardof Di rect orsf orSi ngaporeHeal t hServi ces, Int ernat i onal Ent erpri seSi ngapore,Bi o* OneCapi t al andEDB Invest ment s.Dr. Beh Swan GinEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 07Dr.Lapani saprof essorandheadof t heDepart ment of St udentDevel opment andPupi l Personnel Servi ces(SDPPS)at t heUni versi t y of M assachuset t sAmherst .HeearnedaPh. D.w i t hDi st i nct i on f romt heUni versi t yof Ut ahi n1987andhasbeenal i censed psychol ogi st si nce1992.Dr.Lapani soneof t hel eadi ngaut hori t i es oncomprehensi vecounsel l i ngandcareergui danceprogramsand pract i ces.Hehasext ensi vel yst udi edcareerdevel opment acrosst he K- 16(ki ndergart ent ouni versi t y)yearsandt het ransi t i ont oyoung adul t hood.Hi sresearchi nt erest f ocusesonhel pi ngyoungpeopl e l earnt hest rengt hs- basedcareerdevel opment ski l l snecessaryf or success i n young adul t hood and on enhanci ng academi c achi evementat everyl evel of educat i on. Dr.Lapanhaspubl i shednumerousempi ri cal st udi esont hei mpactof comprehensi vegui danceandcounsel l i ngprogramsonst udentacademi cachi evement ,soci al / emot i onal devel opment ,andcareer devel opment .Dr.LapanhasservedasEdi t orof t hel eadi ngj ournalonschool counsel l i ngi nt heUni t edSt at es Prof essi onal SchoolCounsel i ng. In addi t i on, he has consi derabl e experi ence as a pract i si ng counsel l orandpsychol ogi st andhasw orkedi navari et yof set t i ngs (e. g. ,publ i candpri vat eschool s,j uveni l ej ust i ceprogramsand psychi at ri chospi t al s),w i t hdi versest udent groups,andhascarri ed outa w i de range ofschool - based and cl i ni calt reat menti nt ervent i ons (e. g. ,i ndi vi dual ,group,f ami l ycounsel l i ngandgui dancecl assroom curri cul um).Thedepart ment heheadsf ocusesont hedevel opmentof t hei ndi vi dual st udent w i t hi nt hecont ext of avari et yof f ormaleducat i onal set t i ngsandoperat est heCent erf orSchool Counsel i ng Out comeResearch. Dr. Richard Lapan08 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Dr.Lapanrecei vedaDi st i ngui shedServi ceAwardi n2000f rom t heGui danceDi vi si onof t heAssoci at i onf orCareerandTechni calEducat i on and t he Counsel or Educat or oft he Year Award i n 2006 f rom t he Ameri canSchool Counsel or Associ at i on.Dr.Lapansbook, M ore t hanaj ob:Hel pi ngyourt eenagers ndsuccessandsat i sf act i oni n t hei r f ut ure careershel ps parent s w ork w i t h t hei r t eenagers t o creat e meani ngf uland sat i sf yi ng educat i onaland career f ut ures. Dr. Lapan i s al so t he aut hor of Career devel opmentacross t he K- 16 (ki ndergart en t ouni versi t y)years:Bri dgi ngt hepresent t osat i sf yi ngandsuccessf ulf ut ures. Dr.Lapansnew book St rengt hs- basedcareerdevel opmentt hroughcomprehensi vegui danceandcounsel l i ngprograms w i l l be publ i shedi nJanuary2009.About the Conference SpeakersEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 09V.Scot t Sol bergi scurrent l yt heDi rect orof Wi sconsi nCareers,auni twi t hi n t he Cent er f or Educat i on and Work i n t he Uni versi t y ofWi sconsi n Madi son SchoolofEducat i on. Dr. Sol berg i s an act i ve member i n t he Soci et yf or Vocat i onal Psychol ogy,aSect i oni nDi vi si on17(Soci et yf or Counsel i ngPsychol ogy)of t he Ameri canPsychol ogi calAssoci at i on.He i s al so a member oft he Int ernat i onalAssoci at i on ofAppl i ed Psychol ogy, Int ernat i onalAssoci at i on f or Educat i onaland Vocat i onalGui dance and Nat i onalCareer Devel opmentAssoci at i on.Hecurrent l yservesont heedi t ori al boardsof t heCareerDevel opmentQuart erl y,Journal f orAt -ri skYout h,andGi ornal eIt al i anodeRi crca eAppl i cazi oni ,andanad-hocrevi ewerf ort heJournal of Vocat i onalBehavi or. Dr. Sol berg has publ i shed more t han 40 prof essi onalart i cl es, chapt ers,monographsandt echni cal report st hat f ocusonvocat i onalgui dance,careerandworkf orcedevel opment ,prevent i ngschooldropout s, and devel opi ng resi l i ence ski l l s among at -ri sk yout h.Dr. Sol berg recent l y served as t he Chai r f or t he Ameri can Psychol ogi calAssoci at i onsCoal i t i onf orPsychol ogyi nSchool sandEducat i on.He has served i n l eadershi p rol es wi t h t he Mi l waukee Part nershi p Academy andMi l waukeePubl i cSchool sSmal l School sref ormmovement andi s aut horof SuccessHi ghways,aprovendrop-out prevent i oncurri cul um f or at -ri sk mi ddl e and hi gh schoolst udent s.Dr. V. Scott SolbergDr.Mi chael Gohi sanassoci at eprof essori nt heCounsel l i ngand St udent Personnel Psychol ogyProgram,Depart ment of Educat i onalPsychol ogy att he Uni versi t y ofMi nnesot a. He i s current l y t he program coordi nat or and di rect or ofdoct oralcl i ni calt rai ni ng. Pri or t o j oi ni ng t he Uni versi t y ofMi nnesot a, Dr. Goh was a f acul t y member i n t he Di vi si on of Psychol ogi cal St udi esat t heNat i onal Inst i t ut eof Educat i on(NIE), Si ngapore.Dr.Gohst eachi ng,researchandservi cearef ocusedon i mprovi ngaccesst oment al heal t hservi cesf oret hni cal l ydi verse,newi mmi grantand i nt ernat i onalpopul at i ons. Hi s currentresearch program i ncl udescul t ural compet encei nment al heal t hpract i ce,mul t i cul t uralmast ert herapi st s,t heuseof i nt erpret ersi nment al heal t hcounsel i ng, careerdevel opment ,andhel p- seeki ngbehavi orandat t i t udesacross cul t ures and count ri es. He has publ i shed i n t he JournalofMul t i cul t uralCounsel i ngandDevel opment ,Cul t ural Di versi t yandEt hni cMi nori t y Psychol ogy,Journal of Ment al Heal t hCounsel i ng,Journal of Career Devel opment ,Journal of Musl i mMent al Heal t h,Int ernat i onal Journalf ort heAdvancement of Counsel i ng,andt heAsi aPaci cEducat i on Revi ew.Dr.Gohsmul t i cul t ural researchprogramhasw onhi mt w o Presi dent sFacul t yMul t i cul t ural ResearchAwardsandt w oGrant s-i n- Ai dof Research,Art i st ry,andSchol arshi pat t heUni versi t yofMi nnesot a.Hi spassi onf ort eachi ngl edt oaTeacherof t heYear awardi n1998andaDi st i ngui shed Teachi ng Awardi n2006.Forhi s mul t i cul t ural educat i onef f ort s,DrGohwasappoi nt edaUni versi t y of Mi nnesot aMul t i cul t uralTeachi ngandLearni ngFel l ow i n2003.In 2006,hewasrecogni zedbyt heMi nnesot aPsychol ogi calAssoci at i on f orhi sDi st i ngui shedLeadershi pi nPsychol ogyandMent al Heal t h.In 2008,Dr.Gohwasappoi nt edaUni versi t yof Mi nnesot aPresi dent s Di st i ngui shed Facul t y Ment or.Dr. Michael Goh10 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009About the Conference SpeakersLauraNot a,PhD. ,i s Associ at eProf essorat t heFacul t yof Psychol ogy, Uni versi t yof Padova,It al y.Shei st heDi rect orof LaRIOS(Laborat ory of ResearchandInt ervent i oni n Vocat i onal Gui dance,Depart ment ofDevel opment al andSoci al i zat i onPsychol ogy).Dr.Not ai samember ofSIO (It al i an Soci et y f or Vocat i onalGui dance). She i s al so a member of t heSoci et yf orVocat i onal Psychol ogy,aSect i oni nDi vi si on17 (Soci et yf orCounsel i ngPsychol ogy)of t heAmeri canPsychol ogi calAssoci at i onandof t heInt ernat i onalAssoci at i onf orEducat i onal and Vocat i onal Gui dance.Sheservesont heedi t ori al boardsof It al i an Journal of Vocat i onal Psychol ogy,andi sanad- hocrevi ew erf or t heJournal of CareerDevel opment andInt ernat i onal Journal f or Educat i onal andVocat i onal Gui dance.Dr.Not ahaspubl i shedmore t han40prof essi onal art i cl es,chapt ers,monographst hat f ocuson vocat i onal gui dance,careerdevel opment ,anddevel opi ngdeci si on maki ngandsoci al ski l l samongyout h.Herresearchef f ort sare di rect edt owardt heanal ysi sof rel at i onshi psbet w eenpercei ved support ,ef cacybel i ef sandl evel sof school - careeri ndeci si on;t he set t i ng up and ef cacy veri cat i on ofi nt ervent i ons ai med atf avouri ng deci si onalcompet enci es i n mi ddl e and hi gh- schoolst udent s; and t he anal ysi sof t heconcept of w orkandt i meperspect i vei npersonsw i t h andw i t hout di sabi l i t y.Dr.Not asprof essi onal expert i sei ncl udest he t rai ni ngof t eachers,careerservi ceprovi ders,andpsychol ogi st son i ssuesof careergui danceandcareercounsel l i ng.Dr. Laura NotaEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 11Josephi neKi mi saLect ureronEducat i oni nt heRi skandPrevent i onprogram at t heHarvardGraduat eSchool of Educat i on.SheearnedaPh.D.i ncounsel or educat i onf romt heCurrySchool of Educat i onat t heUni versi t yofVi rgi ni aand i saLi censedMent al Heal t hCounsel ori nt hest at eof Massachuset t s.Sheal so i saNat i onal Cert i edCounsel orw hosecl i ni cal ski l l sandexperi encesspan manycont ext si ncl udi ngresi dent i al f aci l i t i es,communi t yagenci es,andpubl i c andpri vat eschool s.Shehasw orkedw i t hmul t i cul t ural popul at i onst hrough i ndi vi dual ,group,andf ami l ycounsel i ngandhast aught st udent sof al l ages i nvari ededucat i onal cont ext s,i ncl udi ngpri vat eandpubl i cl anguageschool s and pri vat e and publ i c col l eges and uni versi t i es. She has provi ded prof essi onalconsul t at i on and expert i se on mul t i cul t ural , ment alheal t h, career devel opment , andeducat i onal i ssuest ovari ousmedi asourcesi nKoreaandi nt heU.S.She i sUSATodayscol l egi at ecasest udyexpert onschool vi ol enceandhasbeen f eat ured i n EBS (Educat i on BroadcastSyst em) programs i n Korea rel at ed t o sel fest eemandot herdevel opment al i ssuesof yout hs.Shei st hekeynot espeaker at 80- 100parent ,t eacher,andyout hconf erencesyearl yi nAsi aandi nt he U.S.Shehasbeencal l eduponduri ngnat i onal cri ses,bei ngdepl oyedbyt he Subst anceAbuseandMent al Heal t hServi cesAdmi ni st rat i onof t hef ederalgovernment t ow orkw i t hKat ri navi ct i msduri ngt hesummerof 2006and t heprovost sof ceof Vi rgi ni aTechi nt hespri ngof 2007,di rect l yf ol l ow i ng t hecampusmassacre.Sheservesont heboardof di rect orsof several Asi an Ameri cannon- pro t organi zat i onsandi st hef oundi ngexecut i vedi rect orofMust ardSeedGenerat i on,Inc.,anon- pro t organi zat i ont hat ai mst oeducat e Asi an Ameri cans on i ssues ofspi ri t ual , cul t uraland raci ali dent i t y, ment alheal t h andcareerdevel opment i ssues.Shei st hef acul t yadvi sort oAsi anCoal i t i on f orEducat i on,t heAsi angraduat est udent organi zat i onat HarvardGraduat e School of Educat i on.Herpubl i cat i onsi ncl ude Et hni cMi nori t yCounsel l ors asCul t ural Brokers:Usi ngt heSel f asanInst rument t oBri dget heGap i n Ameri canCounsel i ngAssoci at i onsVISTAS2006:Compel l i ngPerspect i veson Counsel l i ng(2006); Cul t ure- speci cPsychoeducat i onal Induct i onTal kasan Int ervent i ont oIncreaseServi ceUt i l i zat i onamongst Mi nori t yPopul at i ons: TheCaseof KoreanAmeri cans i nVISTAS2005:Compel l i ngPerspect i veson Counsel l i ng(2005)and St ruct ural Fami l yTherapyandIt sImpl i cat i onsf or Worki ngw i t ht heAsi an- Ameri canFami l y i nTheFami l yJournal :Counsel l i ng and Therapy f or Coupl es and Fami l i es (2003).Dr. Josephine Kim12 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009About the Conference SpeakersAn academi c and a regi st ered psychol ogi stt rai ned i n Toront o, Canada, Dr Tanhasmoret han30yearsof worki ngexperi encei nt he el dsofeducat i on and counsel l i ng. She hol ds a BA (Hons) i n Engl i sh Li t erat ure f romt heUni versi t yof HongKong(1964),aMast ersdegreei nSoci alWork(1968)andadoct orat ei nCounsel l i ngPsychol ogy(1988)f rom t he Uni versi t y ofToront o. Her worki ng experi ences i ncl ude hi gh schoolt eachi ng i n Hong Kong, schoolcounsel l i ng i n Canada, t eacher t rai ni ng andcounsel l oreducat i oni nSi ngapore.Pri ort oj oi ni ngUni SIM,Dr Tan hasservedmoret han30yearsasat eachereducat orat t heNat i onalInst i t ut e ofEducat i on where she was Head ofPsychol ogi calSt udi es f rom 1990 t o 2003. She was a pi oneer i n spearheadi ng counsel l i ng t rai ni ng f or schoolt eachers and post graduat e t rai ni ng f or pract i si ng counsel l ors andpsychol ogi st si nSi ngapore.Herresearchi nt erest sarei nt heareas of st ressmanagement ,careercounsel l i ng,j uveni l edel i nquency,and parent i ngandf ami l yi ssues. Todat e,shehaspubl i shedmoret han60 j ournal papersandt hreebooks:Counsel l i ngPupi l s(1983),Wi nni ng Ways wi t h Teens: A Pract i calGui de f or Parent s (1997) and Counsel l i ng i n School s: Theori es, Processes and Techni ques (2004). Current l y i n her capaci t yasAdj unct Associ at eProf essorandProgrammeConsul t antat t heSchool of Humani t i esandSoci al St udi esat Uni SIM,DrTani s act i vel yi nvol vedi ndevel opi ngaBachel ordegreeprogrammei n counsel l i ng,t he rst of i t ski ndi nt hi spart of t heworl d.Shei sal so amuchsought -af t erpubl i cspeakeroni ssuespert ai ni ngt oparent i ng, f ami l y l i f e educat i on, soci aland emot i onaleducat i on, val ues educat i on, school counsel l i ngandj uveni l edel i nquency.Hercommuni t yservi ces i ncl udeservi ngasadvi sort ot hej uveni l ecourt ,vol unt arymedi at or at t heFami l yCourt ,Boardmemberof St udent sCareServi ce,Vi si t i ng Just i cet oChangiWomensPri sonandresourcepersont oMCYS,MOE andTeenChal l enge.Shei st hereci pi ent of t woNat i onal Dayawards (PBi n1986andPBMi n1993)andhasbeenappoi nt edJust i ceof t he Peace si nce 1998.Dr. Esther TanEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 13Dr. LuiHah Wah El ena i s an Associ at e Prof essor wi t h t he Psychol ogi calSt udi esAcademi cGroupat t heNat i onal Inst i t ut eof Educat i on(NIE), NanyangTechnol ogi cal Uni versi t y(NTU),Si ngapore.Shehast hree post graduat edegreesf romMi chi ganSt at eUni versi t y(PhD,Ed alSpeci al i st &MA)andaB.SocSc(Soci al Work)degreef romChi nese Uni versi t yof HongKong.Shepl ayssi gni cant rol es(desi gni ng, coordi nat i ngandt eachi ng)i nt heDi pl omai nSchool Counsel l i ngand MEd Gui dance&Counsel l i ng.Sheconduct sl ect uresandsupervi ses t eachersandcounsel l orsi npost graduat eandi n-servi cet rai ni ng programmes.Shei saRegi st eredSoci al Worker(RSW),aRegi st ered Counsel l or(RC),andt hePri nci pal Invest i gat or(PI)of OSCAR(aweb-based career gui dance syst em) i n NIE. Her research i nt erest s are mai nl y i nadol escent s sel f -est eemandwel l bei ng,careergui dance,servi ce l earni ngandl i f el ongl earni ng.Shei samemberof t heMi ni st ryofEducat i on(MOE)Commi t t eei nt heRevi ewof Educat i onandCareer Gui dance. Dr Luii s t he co-edi t or oft wo l ocalpubl i cat i ons: Re ect i ons on Counsel i ng Devel opi ng pract i ce i n school sand Yout h Gui dance Issues,i nt ervent i ons&re ect i ons .Hermost recent publ i cat i oni s .05Si gni cant l yYours agui det ore ect i ononl i f el ongl earni ng . In her more t han 30 yearsservi ce-l earni ng, she has cont ri but ed t o t he management anddevel opment of some15vol unt aryorgani zat i ons. Shewasconf erredt heNIE/ NTU30yearsl ongservi ceaward,i n 2006,Si ngaporePubl i cServi ceAward(PBM)i n1998,andt heHon. Chai rmanof Si ngaporeProf essi onal Cent rei n1996.Shei soneof t he f ounders ofSi ngapore Act i on Group ofEl ders (SAGE) and t he Ful bri ghtAssoci at i on(Si ngapore).Shei sapast presi dent of Uni versi t yWomen Associ at i onof Si ngaporeandal i f ememberof Si ngapore Associ at i on f orCont i nui ngEducat i on.Current l ysheservesi nt heBoardof Uni t ed Nat i onsAssoci at i onof Si ngapore,Execut i veCommi t t eeof Si ngapore Associ at i onof Soci al Workers.Shewast heHonAudi t orof Si ngapore Associ at i on f or Counsel l i ng i n 2006 - 2007.Dr. Lui Hah Wah Elena14 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009About the Conference SpeakersKeynote Address: Dr. Richard LapanAbout the presentation:St rengt hs-based Career Devel opmentThrough Comprehensi ve Gui dance and Counsel l i ng Programs.Synopsis:Thi s present at i on wi l lf ocus on how career devel opmentcan pl ay an essent i alrol e i n i mprovi ng t he academi c achi evement , soci al /emot i onaldevel opment , and workf orce readi ness f or al lyout h.Leadi ng research st udi es wi l lbe summari zed and revi ewed f or part i ci pant s.An evi dence-based f ramework f or st rengt hs-based career devel opmentwi l lbe present ed. Promi si ng school -based pract i ces wi l lbe hi ghl i ght ed.Eval uat i on and account abi l i t y st rat egi es t o ensure t hatst udent s bene tf rom career devel opmentact i vi t i es wi l lbe suggest ed.Objectives of presentation:1.Faci l i t at e awareness ofhow career devel opmentcan pl ay acent ralrol e i n enhanci ng academi c achi evement , soci al / emot i onal devel opment , and workf orce readi ness f or al lst udent s.2.Faci l i t at e awareness oft he support i ng research and t he best school -based career devel opmentpract i ces t hatwi l lassi stschool sand educat i onalprof essi onal s t o f aci l i t at e t he devel opmentof yout h who are proact i ve, resi l i ent , adapt i ve and responsi bl e f ut ureci t i zens.How career development can play an essential role in improving the academic achievement, social/emotional development, and workforce readiness for all youth. SynopsesEducation & Career Guidance Conference 200915Plenary Session 1: Dr. V. Scott SolbergA bout the presentation:How Educat i on and Career Gui dance can be used as a powerf ult oolt o mot i vat e st udent s atri sk t o aspi re f or t hei r f ut ure.Synopsis:Thi s present at i on wi l lf ocus on how career gui dance act i vi t i es can be desi gned t o ef f ect i vel y engage and i nspi re st udent s t o achi eve academi c and l i f e success. The f ocus wi l lbe on descri bi ng how t he career educat or can est abl i sh an opt i mall earni ng envi ronmentt hathel ps st udent s percei ve t he rel evance oft hei r academi c work, est abl i sh career goal s and aspi rat i ons and opt i mi se t hei r schoolopport uni t i es t o achi eve t hose goal s.O bjectives of presentation:1.Faci l i t at e awareness ofhow SEL and Career devel opmentcan beused ef f ect i vel y t o hel p at -ri sk st udent s become more mot i vat ed t obe successf uli n school .2.Faci l i t at e awareness ofhow ECG act i vi t i es can t ransf ormdi sengaged yout h i nt o proact i ve, resi l i entand adapt abl e ci t i zens.How SEL and Career development can be used eectively to help at-risk students become more motivated to be successful in school.16 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009SynopsesPlenary Session 2: Dr. Michael GohA bout the presentation:The Soci aland Cul t uralCont extofEducat i onaland Career Gui dance i n Si ngapore.Synopsis:Att he geographi calcrossroads ofSout heastAsi a, Si ngapore i s l i kewi se a nexus ofEast ern and West ern i deas f or appl i ed career devel opment . Consequent l y, educat i onaland career gui dance (ECG) i n Si ngapore i s i nevi t abl y i n uenced by ext antcareer devel opmentt heori es and model s, many ofwhi ch ori gi nat e out si de ofAsi a. Nevert hel ess, schol ars and pract i t i oners i n Si ngapore have ef f ect i vel y adopt ed and adapt ed career gui dance pract i ces t o work i n Si ngapores cont extwhi l e att he same t i me growi ng a career devel opmentresearch program f or Si ngapore. Thi s pl enary sessi on i s an i nvi t at i on t o cri t i cal l y and cross-cul t ural l y i magi ne t he past , presentand f ut ure ofECG i n Si ngapore.O bjectives of presentation:1.Faci l i t at e awareness and knowl edge ofsoci aland cul t uralf act orst hati n uence educat i onaland career deci si ons i n Si ngapore.2.Faci l i t at e an appreci at i on f or how career devel opmenti sconcept ual i zed i n Si ngapore and by her mul t i cul t uralconst i t uent s.3.Faci l i t at e a cri t i calrevi ew ofwhatworks, why and how i tworks,and encourage f ut ure t hi nki ng aboutECG i n Si ngapore.Scholars and practitioners in Singapore have eectively adopted and adapted career guidance practices to work in Singapores contextEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 17Concurrent Session: Dr. Josephine KimAbout the presentation:Ref rami ng Whatdo I wantt o be when I grow upt o Who am I?Looki ng atcareer devel opmentt hrough an exi st ent i all ens.Synopsis:The i ssue ofcareer devel opmenti s notsi mpl y aboutansweri ng t he quest i on Whatdo I wantt o be when I grow up?Rat her, i ti s an exi st ent i ali ssue t hathas prof ound connect i ons t o t he quest i on of Who am I?Hence, l ooki ng atcareer devel opmenteducat i on t hrough an exi st ent i all ens al t ers t he rol e ofcounsel l ors and t eachers f rom one t hatf ocuses sol el y on exposi ng chi l dren and adol escent s t o career opt i ons t o one t hati s more concerned wi t h i ncreasi ng t hei r sel f -awareness and sel f -expl orat i on. Tradi t i onalcareer counsel l i ng i s i mpl ement ed duri ng l at e adol escence; however, career devel opmenteducat i on seeks t o promot e i nt rospect i on and re ect i on f rom an earl y age, t hereby, vi ewi ng career devel opmentas a l i f e-l ong process i nst ead ofan i sol at ed st age. Objectives of presentation:1.Presenta comprehensi ve f ramework ofhol i st i c career devel opmenteducat i on t hatf ost ers and promot es sel f -awareness and sel f -expl orat i on;2.Presentpract i calmet hods ofi mpl ement i ng careerdevel opmenteducat i on vi a l arge and smal lgroupsessi ons; and 3.Faci l i t at e di scourse abouthow career devel opment educat i on can be i nf used i nt o t he K-12 (ki ndergart en -postsecondary) curri cul umLooking at career development through an existential lens.postsecondary) curri cul umSynopses18 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Concurrent Session: Dr. Laura NotaAbout the presentation:Improvi ng probl em sol vi ng, deci si on-maki ng and assert i veness ski l l s ofundeci ded adol escent s.Synopsis:Research st udi es have hi ghl i ght ed t hata l arge number ofadol escent s are undeci ded aboutt hei r f ut ure career. Thi s i s of t en associ at ed wi t h t o ot her di f cul t i es t hatmay hi nder t hese adol escent sprof essi onaldevel opmentand personaland soci aladj ust ment . To preventt hat , i nt ervent i ons t o be real i zed i n school s have been devi sed wi t h t he ai m ofhel pi ng t o st rengt hen adol escent sdeci si on-maki ng abi l i t i es and t he abi l i t y t o manage di f cul tsi t uat i ons, among whi ch i s career choi ce. The present at i on wi l lprovi de a descri pt i on ofour i nt ervent i ons and an eval uat i on oft hei r ef f ect i veness.Objectives of presentation:1.Faci l i t at e awareness ofprobl em sol vi ng and deci si on maki ngdi f cul t i es t hatadol escent s can mani f est . 2.Presentsome assessmentprocedures and prevent i ve act i vi t i es t hat can be consi dered t o hel p career devel opmentand personal adj ust mentoft he st udent s.Assessment procedures and preventive activities that can be considered to help career development and personal adjustment of the students.Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 19Concurrent Session: Dr. Michael GohAbout the presentation:Int egrat i ve Li f e Pl anni ng: A Soci aland Cul t uralFramework f or Thi nki ng aboutCareer Devel opmenti n Si ngapore.Synopsis:Int egrat i ve Li f e Pl anni ng (ILP; Hansen 1997) i s a hol i st i c approach t o career devel opmentt hatencourages i ndi vi dual s t o consi der how t hey weave t hei r l i ves i nt o a meani ngf ulwhol e t hrough career deci si ons. ILPs si x cri t i calt asks appear t o re ecta l otoft he val ues i nherenti n Si ngapores soci alf abri c such as pl ural i sm, connect i ng f ami l y and work, and an emphasi s on ci vi c responsi bi l i t y. Part i ci pant s wi l lbe i nt roduced t o t he root s and rat i onal e f or ILP and consi der how ILP may be appl i ed i n ECG.Objectives of presentation:1.Faci l i t at e underst andi ng ofILP pri nci pl es.2.Faci l i t at e underst andi ng ofILPs si x cri t i calt asks and ci rcl e ofl i f e.3.Faci l i t at e di scussi on abouthow ILP may be i ncorporat ed i nt o ECG i n Si ngapore.Integrative Life Plannings six critical tasks and circle of life.Synopses20 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Concurrent Session: Dr. Esther TanAbout the presentation:The Rol e ofSchoolCounsel l ors i n Career Counsel l i ng.Synopsis:The scope ofschoolcounsel l i ng covers t he educat i onaldevel opment , career devel opmentand personaldevel opmentofst udent s i n school s. Thi s workshop wi l lf ocus on whatschoolcounsel l ors can do t o f aci l i t at e t he career devel opmentofst udent s and how t o gui de t hem t o engage i n meani ngf ulcareer expl orat i on and make i nf ormed career deci si ons. Begi nni ng wi t h a present at i on of mai n career devel opmentt heori es, Dr Tan wi l ll i nk t heory wi t h pract i ce by revi ewi ng t he appl i cabi l i t y oft hese t heori es i n t he Si ngapore cont extbased on l ocalresearch. As t he f ocus oft he workshop i s ski l l -based l earni ng, she wi l li nt roduce part i ci pant s t o bot h quant i t at i ve and qual i t at i ve approaches t o career assessmentt hrough hands-on act i vi t i es. She wi l lal so present a vari et y ofcareer gui dance t echni ques t o cat er t o t he vari ous age groups i n school sObjectives of presentation:1.Hi ghl i ghtt he i mport antrol e ofschoolcounsel l ors i n f aci l i t at i ngt he career developmentand career planning of st udent s in schools.2.Presentquant i t at i ve and qual i t at i ve approaches t o careerassessment .3.Expl ore career gui dance t echni ques and i nt ervent i on st rat egi esf or di f f erentst udentgroups.Te important role of school counsellors in facilitating the career development and career planning of students in schools.Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 21Concurrent Session: Dr. V. Scott SolbergAbout the presentation:Prepari ng st udent s wi t h 21stCent ury workf orce readi ness ski l l sSynopsis:Thi s present at i on wi l ldescri be a setof21stCent ury ski l l s t hatare needed f or opt i malworkf orce readi ness. The present at i on wi l lal so descri be how ePort f ol i os can be used t o hel p st udent s demonst rat e t hatt hey possess t hese ski l l s. 21stCent ury ski l l s i ncorporat e soci alemot i onall earni ng, career awareness and academi c ski l l s. The present at i on wi l ldi scuss t hese ski l l s i n rel at i on t o t he ECG Devel opment alModelout comes associ at ed wi t h pro-act i vi t y, resi l i ence and adapt abi l i t y.Objectives of presentation:1.Faci l i t at e awareness oft he academi c, soci al / emot i onaland career readi ness devel opmentski l l s needed t o be ready t o ent er t he worl dofwork.2.Demonst rat e how ePort f ol i os can be used t o hel p st udent s ef f ect i vel y communi cat e t he range ofworkf orce readi ness ski l l st hey have achi eved.21st Century skills that are needed for optimal workforce readiness.Synopses22 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Concurrent Session: Dr. Lui Hah Wah ElenaAbout the presentation:The changi ng l andscape ofeducat i on and career gui dance i n t he pastt wo decades. Synopsis:Si ngaporeasayoungi ndependent st at ehasi nvest edl ot sofresourcesi neducat i ngt heyoung,t opreparet hemf ort hew orkf orce asw el l asnat i onbui l di ng.Int hepast 20years,t herew ereseveralmi l est onesi ngui danceservi cesachi evedbyt hei nt erpl ayofmul t i pl ef act ors.Part i ci pant sw i l l havesomeact i vi t i eschecki ngoutoccupat i ons/ careersi nf ormat i onandresourcesi nbot hOSCARand t henew e- port al . Objectives of presentation:1.Feat ure t he mi l est ones and key pl ayers i n t he changi ng l andscapeofeducat i on and career gui dance i n Si ngapore school s andcommuni t i es. 2.Hi ghl i ghtt he research and devel opmentofcomput er-ai ded careergui dance and t he l i nks bet ween t he NIE OSCAR and t he newe-port alofMOE. Milestones and key players in the changing landscape of education and career guidance in Singapore Schools and Communities.Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 23Concurrent Session:Dr. Richard LapanAbout the presentation:Prepari ng st udent s wi t h st rengt hs-based career devel opmentski l l s needed f or success i n t he 21stCent ury economy: Cases, bestpract i ces, and eval uat i on.Synopsis:Thi s present at i on wi l lel aborat e on st rengt hs-based career devel opmentski l l s al lst udent s need f or success i n t he 21stCent ury, gl obaleconomy.Exampl es ofhi gh schoolst udent s at t empt i ng t o l earn t hese ski l l s wi l lbe present ed.Bestpract i ce school -based career devel opmenti nt ervent i ons wi l lbe det ai l ed.A f ramework t o gui de t he devel opmentofevi dence-based career i nt ervent i ons wi l lbe suggest ed.Part i ci pant s wi l ll earn a usef ulprogram eval uat i on st rat egy t hey can i mpl ementi n t hei r school s, i .e., IDEAS!f aci l i t at e awareness ofhow school s and educat i onalprof essi onal s can i mpl ementcareer devel opmenti nt ervent i ons t o enhance t he academi c, soci al / emot i onal , and workf orce readi ness ski l l s st udent s need t o be ready t o successf ul l y ent er t he worl d ofwork.Objectives of presentation:1.Demonst rat e t hrough exampl es ofhi gh schoolst udent s howeducat i onalprof essi onal s can i mpl ementef f ect i ve school -basedpract i ces.2.Int roduce part i ci pant s t o a usef uleval uat i on st rat egy: IDEAS! .Strengths-based career development skills all students need for success in the 21st Century.Synopses24 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Bedok Town Secondary SchoolAtt he secondary schooll evel , t he awareness ofoccupat i ons/careers progresses t o t he st age ofexpl orat i on, where st udent s begi n t o expl ore t he vari ous careers and how i t tt hei r i nt erest s, val ues and abi l i t i es. AtBedok Town Secondary School , st udent s are rstmade t o assess on t hei r career i nt erest s usi ng career assessment s. Wi t h t hei r career pro l e, t he 3NA st udent s gett o expl ore t hei r pref erred career choi ces t hrough st udentat t achment s programmes atITE & Temasek Pol yt echni c. The 3NT st udent s were i nvol ved i n F & B Int ernshi p Programmes. The restoft he schoolpopul at i on vi si t ed educat i on i nst i t ut i ons t o nd outmore i n-dept h t he educat i on opt i ons requi red f or t hem t o arri ve att hei r pref erred careers.Presenters : Mdm Yusnita Binte Zaini & Mdm Wong Piang Tye RachelGan Eng Seng Primary SchoolGan Eng Seng Pri mary made waves when i tbegan of f eri ng i t s st udent s an annualcareer semi nar. Ithas been an opport uni t y f or st udent s t o l earn more aboutdi f f erentvocat i ons and prof essi ons f rom an earl y age, and f or st af ft o hel p gui de t hei r st udent scareerdeci si ons. The annualsemi nar, t hemed i n l i ne wi t h t he schoolmot t o Bel i eve , compri ses t al ks by i nvi t ed speakers, and, hands-on st at i onswhere st udent s have been abl e t o gl ean i nsi ght s i nt o a part i cul ar career pat h. To dat e, t hey ve enj oyed t al ks by t he l i kes ofa nat i onalf oot bal l er, a mari ne bi ol ogi st , a RSAF pi l ot , a gourmetchefand a nut ri t i oni st . On t op ofprovi di ng i nf ormat i on on t he di f f erentcareers open t o t hem, Good ECG Practicesin Singapore SchoolsEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 25Schedule of Sharing Sessions:ConcurrentSessions 1E:a.Gan Eng Seng Pri marySchoolb.Bedok Town SecondarySchoolc.Mi l l enni a Inst i t ut e ConcurrentSessions 2E:a.Gan Eng Seng Pri marySchoolb.Bedok Town SecondarySchoolc.St . Hi l das SecondarySchoolConcurrentSessions 3E:a.Gan Eng Seng Pri marySchoolb.St . Hi l das SecondarySchoolc.Mi l l enni a Inst i t ut econ dence and resi l i ence are st rong core val ues rei t erat ed amongstt he st udent s.Presenters: Mrs Veronica Png & Ms Surya Tambunan Bt RosmanMillennia InstituteMovi ng on t owards t he upper Secondary and Pre-U l evel s, t he emphasi s wi l lshi f tt o t hatofhel pi ng st udent s make pl ans aboutt hei r pref erred careers and t he correspondi ng subj ectchoi ces. Over atMi l l enni a Inst i t ut e, t he ECG programme spans t he t hree years t hata st udenti s wi t h t he i nst i t ut i on. In year 1, st udent s are gui ded i nt o est abl i shi ng a personalroadmap t hatencourages sel f -di scovery whi ch al l ows st udent s t o i dent i f y t hei r personalwork val ues, i nt erest s and pref erences. There i s al so t he shari ng ofvari ous i ndust ri es and pract i t i oners, and a j ob at t achmentwi t h vari ous rms and organi sat i on. St udent s are made t o updat e t hei r port f ol i o, whi ch ata l at er st age ofcareer expl orat i on, wi l lhel p t hem t o cryst al i se t hei r educat i on pl ans t o arri ve att hei r pref erred career opt i ons.Presenters: Mdm Siti Zubaidah Bte Abdullah, Anna Low Li Leen & Siveraman PillaiSt Hildas Secondary SchoolDi f f erentst udent s, di f f erentst rokes. For some st udent s, t o dealwi t h t he present i ng i ssues, exami ni ng pastevent s and behavi our has l i mi t ed i mpact . Inst ead ofover-exami ni ng pasti ssues, one way f orward i s t o gett hem t o see whatt hey can do wi t h t hei r pot ent i al . In t he past , counsel ees may be asked t o go t hrough some survey t ool s. These t ool s may provi de t hem wi t h a range ofcareer choi ces butgi ve l i t t l e cl ue as t o why t hese choi ces woul d sui tt hem. The ECG port algoes a l i t t l e f urt her when t he counsel l or can expl ai n t o t he counsel ees why t he career choi ces may tt hem. Presenters: Mdm Lee Pei Choo Joanne & Mr. Lim Kim Seng Mr. Lim Kim Seng26 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Good ECG Practicesin Singapore SchoolsEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 27Goals of Presentation 1.Demonst rat e how career developmentcan play an import antrole inenhancing t he Academic Achievement , Social/Emot ionalDevelopment , and Workforce Readiness for all st udent s.2.Presenta holist ic, st rengt hs-based model of career development3.Discuss how comprehensive guidance and counseling program canhelp all st udent s t o learn and use t hese st rengt hs 4.Overview research connect ing career developmentt o st udentsuccess5.Highlight5 promising school-based career developmentpract icest hathelp st udent s become proact ive, resilient , adapt ive and responsible fut ure cit izensKeynote Address SlidesDr. Richard T. Lapan, PhDKeynote AddressStrengths-Based Career Development Trough Comprehensive Guidance and Counseling ProgramsKeynote Address Slides28 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Tree Parts 1.St rengt hs-based career developmentand comprehensive guidanceand counseling programs2.Research support ing connect ion of career developmentt o st udentacademic achievement , social/emot ional development , andworkforce readiness3.Five promising school-based pract ices and research support ingconnect ion t o st udentsuccessPart 1: Strengths-Based Career Development and Comprehensive Guidance and Counseling ProgramsEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 29American School Counselor Association National StandardsAcademic DevelopmentA. St udent s will acquire t he at t it udes, knowledge and skills cont ribut ing t o effect ive learning in school and across t he lifespan.B.St udent s will complet e school wit h t he academic preparat ionessent ial t o choose from a wide range of subst ant ial post -secondary opt ions, including college.C. St udent s will underst and t he relat ionship of academics t o t he worldof work and t o life athome and in t he communit y.Career DevelopmentA. St udent s will acquire t he skills t o invest igat e t he world of work inrelat ion t o knowledge of self and t o make informed career decisions.B.St udent s will employ st rat egies t o achieve fut ure career goals wit hsuccess and sat isfact ion.C. St udent s will underst and t he relat ionship bet ween t raining and t heworld of work.Personal/Social DevelopmentA. St udent s will acquire t he knowledge, at t it ude and int erpersonalskills t o help t hem underst and and respectself and ot hers.B.St udent s will make decisions, setgoals and t ake necessary act ion t oachieve goals.C. St udent s will underst and safet y and survival skills (American SchoolCounselor Associat ion, 2003).Keynote Address Slides30 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Given the world our young people will enter, we need to rethink Supers question By t he t ime adolescent s graduat e from high school, whatst rengt hsdo t hey need t o have int egrat ed int o t heir everyday st yle ofmanaging presentt asks and set t ings (e.g., school) and how shouldt hey be approaching t heir fut ures (e.g., post secondary opt ions)? How will you help all st udent s t o bot h learn and use t hese st rengt hs?A proactive, resilient and adaptive orientation to the present and the future characterized by growth in: Purpose and direct ion opport unit y and choice agency and empowerment commit mentand mat urit y mot ivat ion and hopefulness perseverence and an abilit y t o overcome obst acles creat ivit y and curiosit y ent repreneurship and a caring for ot hers and t he environmentIdentify the traits and trends of development observed in adolescence (p. 18) that lead young people to more stabilized vocational patterns in adulthood.Super (1954) Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 31Integrative/Contextual Model of Career Development(Lapan, 2004)Motivating Students to Take Charge of their Educational and Career Planning: Creating a Possible Career-Self1.Possible Selves - emerging self-underst anding of t he kind of fut ure I mightwantfor myself, t he kind of person I mightwantt obecome (Markus & Nurius, 1986) 2.A bridge from t he presentt o t he fut ure - helps adolescent s framet heir behavior t o plan for and guide fut ure act ions3.Possible career selves - a powerful self-regulat ing st rat egy t hrough which young people can express and pursue t heir aspirat ions, goals, and valuesKeynote Address Slides32 Education & Career Guidance Conference 20094.Kerpleman, Shoffner, & Ross-Grifn (2002) - possible career selves a good way t o underst and t he differentbeliefs and st rat egies African American mot hers and t heir daught ers used t o empower daught ers t o reach t heir career goals5. Closely relat ed ideas Super - goal is t o consist ent ly st rive t o creat e an opt imal tbet weenpurpose and possibilit ies where we express a personally meaningfulself-conceptin a career pat t ern Arist ot le - we are beings in t he process of becoming(t he t eleological view) Tolman - learning is purposive, itis much more t han st imulus-response mechanisms6.Making an educational and career plan - putting a strategy inplace to help students achieve a personally valued, possible career-selfDeveloping a Career Plan: A 3 Phase ProcessPhase 1: Exploring Gat hering informat ion aboutoneself and t he world of work Phase 2: Creat ing Meaning Cont ext ualizing and making sense outof t his informat ion Phase 3: Making a Plan!Generat ing and commit t ing t o a possible career-selfEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 33Six Building Blocks of Evidence-Based Career Interventions (Krane & Brown; Lee)1.Build relat ionships wit h st udent s2.Build emot ional and inst rument al supportfor st udent s in t heirimmediat e environment s3.Build relat ionships bet ween st udent s and role models4.Build st udentunderst anding wit h accurat e and up t o dat e informat ion aboutpost secondary opt ions and t he world of work5.Build commit mentof st udent s t o follow t hrough on t heir decisionsand plans6.Build cult urally and cont ext ually compet entact ivit ies, int ervent ions,and programs Part 2: Research FindingsKeynote Address Slides34 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Missouri School Counselors Benet All Students: How Implementing Comprehensive Guidance Programs Improves Academic Achievement for All Missouri StudentsBy Rich Lapan, Norm Gysbers, and Marc Kaysonwww.missouricareereducat ion.orgQuest ion: Do more fully implement ed programs promot e higher 10t h grade MAP t estscores (Mat hemat ics)?Answer: Yes!Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 35Quest ion: Do more fully implement ed programs help t o reduce discipline problems in middle/junior high school?Answer: Yes!Individual PlanningIndividual Planning - aligning st udentschedules wit h t heir career goals, helping st udent s creat e meaningful educat ional and career goals, assist ing st udent s t o organize t heir course of st udy around a personally-valued career goalIt ems - The individual planning process aligned st udent sscheduleswit h t heir career goals The individual planning process helped st udent s creat e meaningful educat ional and career plans The individual planning process helped st udent s organizet heir course of st udy around a career goals t hatwas import antand int erest ing t o t hemKeynote Address Slides36 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Paving the Road to College: How School Counselors Help Students SucceedFindings1.CPS high school counselors play an import antrole promot ingst udentacademic achievement2.CPS counselors impacthow st udent s plan, prepare, search, apply,and enroll in college3.CPS counselors play a vit al role in helping 8t h grade st udent ssuccessfully t ransit ion int o high school4.An implement at ion gap exist s across CPS high schools in t heorganizat ion and delivery of a comprehensive program, t husadvant aging some st udent s and disadvant aging ot hersRecommendations Close t he implement at ion gap in t he organizat ion and delivery ofa comprehensive guidance and counseling program across CPShigh schools Getprincipals t o supportimplement at ion Est ablish working alliance wit h each 8t h Grader Reduce Non-Guidance t asks Enhance Individual Planning skills of school counselors andeducat ional professionals for a global, 21stcent ury economy Increase parentinvolvementin career planning and collegecounseling processEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 37Setting the stage: Career development and the student engagement process by Kenny, Blustein, Haase, Jackson, & Perry (2006)St udy: Examined t he relat ionship bet ween career development(planfulness and expect at ions) and st udentengagement(belonging and valuing of school)Sample: A mult iet hnic sample of urban 9t h grade st udent sFindings: Higher levels of career planfulness and expect at ions were associat ed wit h increasing st udentengagementover t he course of t he school yearImplicat ions:Est ablishing t he value of career developmentact ivit ies and curriculum as a useful and necessary componentin educat ional reform effort s Keynote Address Slides38 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Te ambitious generation: Americas teenagers, motivated but directionlessBy Schneider & St evenson (1999)Alfred P. Sloan St udy of Yout h and Social Development Problem: High schools t hatdon tencourage and emphasize st udentplanning for t he fut ure were more likely t o have st udent s wit h misaligned ambit ions(i.e., a mismat ch bet ween t he amountof educat ion an adolescentexpect s t o at t ain and t he educat ion required for t he occupat ion t he st udentwant s t o ent er)Solut ion: High schools t hatemphasize educat ional and career planning help st udent s t o develop personal agency and encourage t hem t o t ake responsibilit y for t heir educat ion and t he decisions t hey are making aboutt heir fut uresSupportfor career planning from child developmentexpert s out side t he eld of career developmentEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 39Part 3: Five PromisingSchool-Based Practices Individual Planning Guidance Curriculum Communit y Career Part nerships Transit ion supportint o high school and post secondary educat ion ParentInvolvementSummary and Recommendations1.St rengt hs-based career developmenthelps schools and st udent s t obe successful2.A comprehensive guidance and counseling program is a goodmult ifacet ed st rat egy t o empower educat ional professionals t opromot e st udentdevelopment3.We mustbe very int ent ional t o make sure we meett he needs of allst udent s4.School leaders and all educat ional professionals need a common, organized, and unied approach t o meetst udentneeds5.Enhance t he Individual Planning skills of educat ional leaders and professionals t o help st udent s prepare for and successfullyt ransit ion int o t he global, 21stcent ury economy6.To opt imize st udentt alent s, ambit ions, and aspirat ions, workingalliances bet ween counselors/educat ors and st udent s need t o bedeveloped and maint ainedKeynote Address Slides40 Education & Career Guidance Conference 20097.Develop a Result s-Based evaluat ion and account abilit y st rat egyt o consist ent ly st rive t o improve services t o st udent s (Find outwhatworks bestfor which st udent s under whatcont ext s andcircumst ances)8.Paradigm/concept ual shift- career developmentis notsomet hing nice t o door a luxuryor an add on . Itis an essent ialcomponentof whatevery successful school provides t o all st udent s. Itis somet hing every school should t ake pride in.Modest Proposal: Strengthen high school diplomas by requiring a half year credit in guidance and counseling program of study Course: Career Planning and College Readiness Counseling Int egrat ed int o academic curriculum (e.g., language art s, mat h,science, and t echnology) Implement ed t hrough 4 program component s of a comprehensiveprogram (Guidance Curriculum, Individual Planning, ResponsiveServices, and Syst ems Support ) Involves t eachers, administ rat ors, counselors, parent s, and relat edschool professionals Delivered t hrough st rat egies t hatwe have good evidence can beeffect ive (e.g., small group advisories and career classes) Tailored t o t he cult ure, cont ext , and needs of each individual schoolbuilding and communit y Addresses t he needs of all st udent s - e.g., 4-year college going,career and t echnical educat ion st udent s, special needs st udent s,and adjudicat ed/incarcerat ed yout h (All Means All! ) Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 41If students are not engaged in eective goal setting and information oriented explorations, then less likely to make good high school and postsecondary choicesA) Partof our st rengt hs-based curriculum and itreally mat t ers!B) Moves school counseling from an ancillary supportservice t o aninst ruct ional program cent ral t o t he success of each st udentinevery effect ive schoolC) Helps st udent s t o discover a direct ion and a passion t hatleads t ot he realizat ion of t heir hopes, dreams, and t he full ut ilizat ion oft heir t alent sRichard T. Lapan, Ph.D.Cent er for School Counseling Out come ResearchSchool of Educat ionUniversit y of Massachuset t s Amherst lapan@educ.umass.eduwww.cscor.orgPlenary Session 1 Slides42 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Main Points ECG Development al Model links SEL, Career and Workforce Development Courage is needed t o address at -risk populat ions Use scient ically validat ed capacit y building st rat egiesVision Give a man a sh and you feed him for a day. Teach a man t o shand you feed him for a lifet ime. A bird does notsing because ithas an answer. Itsings because ithas a song. Be notafraid of growing slowly, be afraid only of st anding st ill.Preparing Youth for Modern World of Work High t echnology and speed of informat ion Rapid change in world of work Rapid social change Time and space alt ered t hrough t echnology global int eract ions Allows disembedding of ident it y from t radit ional expect at ionsTe Promise of Educational and Career GuidanceMotivating At Risk Students to Aspire for their FutureDr. V. Scott Solberg, PhDEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 43 Engaging in planning and decision-making Est ablishing a sense of purpose Achieving agency or personal power Ident ifying and allocat ing resources Finding and using informat ion Effect ive use of t echnology and media Underst anding syst ems & complex relat ionsOptimal ECG Developmental Outcomes in Relation to the SEL FrameworkSelf-percept ion; recognising st rengt hs, needs, values; self-efcacyPerspect ive t aking; appreciat ing diver-sit y; respectfor ot hersImpulse cont rol and st ress manage-ment ; self-mot ivat ion and discipline; goal set t ing and organizat ional skillsCommunicat ion; social engagement , and building relat ionships; helping, seeking, providingProblem ident icat ion and sit uat ion analysis; problem solving; evaluat ion and reect ion; personal, moral, and et hical responsibilit ySelf Awareness Social Awareness Self ManagementRelat ionship ManagementResponsible Decision MakingCore SEL SkillsRelat ionship t o Career DevelopmentPlenary Session 1 Slides44 Education & Career Guidance Conference 200921st Century WorkerEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 45Cluster Knowledge and Skills Academic Foundat ions Communicat ions Problem Solving and Crit ical Thinking Informat ion Technology Syst ems Safet y , Healt h and Environment Leadership and Teamwork Et hics and Legal Responsibilit ies Employabilit y and Career Development Technical Skills21st Century Skills Academic skills Civic lit eracy Creat ivit y Communicat e effect ively Collaborat e well wit h ot hers Flexibilit y and adapt abilit y Self-direct ion and product ivit y Leadership and responsibilit y Informat ion, media and t echnology skills. Financial lit eracy Healt h lit eracy Crit ical t hinking and problem-solvingPlenary Session 1 Slides46 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Resilience Building Condence Est ablishing St ronger Relat ional Connect ions Managing Academic St ress Promot ing Well-Being Increasing Mot ivat ionFour RsRelevanceRelat ionshipsRigor ResilienceDenit ion Perceived relevance promot es school engagement(Kenny etal., 2006)St udent s who feel connect ed t o t heir t eachers and peers experience school as enjoyable and meaningfulSt udent s who successfully mast er challenging act ivit ies become condentlearners, and con-dentlearners learn more, work harder, and st ay in school(See nextpage)Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 47Resi l i enceSchool Wor kParent hoodSelf-EfcacyAcademicWorkParentMot ivat ionMeaningfulMeaningfulMeaningfulRelat ional BondsTeachersBossesDoct orsPeersCoworkersNew Parent sSt ress and Healt hAcademicWorkParent hoodGoal-Set t ingSchoolCareerLife GoalsFamilyFamilyFamilyFamilyConnecting SEL, Career and Workforce DevelopmentLearning ExperiencesWorkforce ReadinessCareer DevelopmentAdapt abilit yProact ivit yResiliencyCareer Search EfcacyDecision-Making ReadinessECG Port al ExperiencesOt her Career Dev. ExperiencesSEL Dev. ExperiencesCreating Developmental Opportunities Opt imal Learning Experiences Opt imal Classroom Environment Key Curriculum Ingredient s Example: Success HighwaysStrategies for Improving Quality of Services and CurriculumNine empirically supportcurriculum ingredient s drawn from: Social cognit ive career t heory Self-det erminat ion t heory Met a-Analyses on Career Int ervent ionsKey Curriculum Ingredients Writ t en exercises, Individualized int erpret at ions, Informat ion aboutt he world of work, Modeling exercises Building effect ive supportsyst ems Mast ery Experiences Encouraging, ment oring adult s Relat ional connect ions wit h peers(Brown & Ryan Krane, 2000; Bandura, 1992; Deci & Ryan, 1985) 48 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Plenary Session 1 SlidesIts Your Life. Login!Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 49OccupationsWho Am I?g50 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Plenary Session 1 SlidesWork Readiness SkillsGuideposts for Success Framework for designing comprehensive services t hataredevelopment al and age appropriat e Targetservices for specic populat ions Expand range of servicesEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 51School Based Preparatory Experiences Academic programs based on st at e st andards; Career and t echnical educat ion based on >professional and indust ry st andards>universal design>work and communit y-based learning experiences; Learning environment s t hatare small, safe and provide ext ra support s such as t ut oring; Supportprovided by highly qualied st aff; Access t o an assessmentsyst em t hatincludes mult iple measures; and Graduat ion st andards t hatinclude opt ions.Career Preparation and Work-Based Learning Career assessment s t o help ident ify st udent sschool and post -school preferences and int erest s; St ruct ured exposure t o post secondary educat ion and ot her life-longlearning opport unit ies; Exposure t o career opport unit ies t hat>lead t o living wages, >includes informat ion abouteducat ional requirement s, >includes informat ion aboutent ry requirement s, >describes income and benets potential, and asset accumulation; and Training designed t o improve 21stCent ury job-seeking skills andwork-place basic skills52 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Plenary Session 1 SlidesYouth Development/Leadership Ment oring act ivit ies designed t o est ablish st rong relat ionships wit hadult s t hrough formal and informal set t ings; Peer-t o-peer ment oring opport unit ies; Exposure t o role models in a variet y of cont ext s; Training in skills such as self-advocacy and conictresolut ion; Exposure t o personal leadership and yout h developmentact ivit ies,including communit y service; and Opport unit ies t hatallow yout h t o exercise leadership and buildself-est eem.Connecting Activities Ment al and physical healt h services; Transport at ion; Tut oring; Financial planning and management ; St ruct ured arrangement s in post secondary inst it ut ions and adultservice agencies; and Connect ion t o ot her services and opport unit ies (e.g., recreat ion,sport s, fait h-based oganizat ions).Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 53V. Scott Solberg, Ph. D., is Associate Director of Research and Director ofWisconsin Careers, a unit within the Center on Education and Work.He is also author of Success Highways, a research based dropout prevention curriculum for at-risk youth.www.cew.wisc.edussolberg@education.wisc.eduFamily Involvement & Supports High expect at ions t hatbuild upon t he young persons:st rengt hs, int erest s, and needs and fost ers t heir abilit y t o achieve independence and self-sufciency; Involvementin t heir lives and assist ing t hem t oward adult hood; Access t o informat ion aboutemployment , furt her educat ion and communit y resources; Taken an act ive role in t ransit ion planning wit h schools andcommunit y part ners; and Access t o medical, professional, and peer supportnet works.Plenary Session 2 Slides54 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Te Social and Cultural Context of Education and Career Guidance in SingaporeObjectivesFacilitate awareness and knowledge of social and cultural factorsthat infuence educational and career decisions in Singapore.Facilitate an appreciation for how career development isconceptualized in Singapore and by her multicultural constituents.Facilitate a critical review of how ECG is delivered in Singaporeschools.Infuences on worldviewMichael Goh, Ph.D.Associate Professor and Director of TrainingCounseling and Student Personnel Psychology Program Department of Educational PsychologyCollege of Education and Human DevelopmentUniversity of Minnesota, Minneapolisgohxx001@umn.edu Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 55If vocational counseling was born from the changing demographics and economic needs of this [20th] century, then clearly career counseling will need to change in response to the changing needs of the coming century. Bingham & Ward, 1994, pp. 168OutlineCultural ContextCareer GuidanceConsiderations for the FutureSocial-Cultural Teory of Occupational DevelopmentPeterson, N., & Cortz Gonzlez, R. (2005). The role of work in peoples lives: Applied career counseling and vocational psychology (2nd ed). Belmont, CA: Thomson/Brooks Consequences of Culturally-Biased Assumptions in Career Counseling Lisa Flores University of Missouri56 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Plenary Session 2 SlidesCore (Monocultural) Assumptions of Career CounselingUniversal defnitions of core constructsEmphasis on individualism, autonomy, and independence>Career is an expression of self Affuence of clients>People exercise volition when making career choices>Threat of classism (Richardson, 1993; Blustein, 2001)Structure of opportunity open to allCentrality of work in lifeLinear, progressive, and rational process of career developmentPedersen, 1987; Gysbers, Heppner, & Johnston, 1998New Assumptions ofCareer Counseling(Flores, 2006)Career development (and career counseling practice) takes placewithin a cultural contextMeanings of constructs will vary based on an individualsworldview & life experiencesMotivations to work will differ across individualsVariables to consider in career development may differ acrosscultural groups (and within cultural groups)Some students may encounter social barriers that may preventthem from realizing their educational and career goalsTraditional theoretical models may not adequately explain thecareer behavior of everyoneEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 57Multicultural Career Counseling Competencies (Hargrove et al., 2003)Career counselor awareness of own worldview towardeducational and career-related behaviors, as well as careercounseling interventions>Your attitudes about work>Meaning of work/career in your life>Your defnitions about success and failureCareer counselor awareness of students worldview towardeducation, work- or career-related behaviors, and careercounseling interventions>Past and current experiences with institutional systemsPublic schoolsHigher EducationWorkplace>Family members experiences in these settings>Exposure to the world of work>Attitudes about work, education>Recognize within group differences Culturally appropriate career counseling intervention strategies>Conceptualize presenting issues within students culturalcontext.>Educating students about social barriers.>Inviting extended family members to be involved in the process.58 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Plenary Session 2 SlidesMeta-Analysis Study Race/Ethnicity and Career Variables(Fouad & Byars-Winston, 2005)Included 16 studies (1991-2004) that examined racial/ethnicgroup differences in career variables related to making an initialcareer choice>No differences incareer aspirations/choicedecision-making/exploration>Differences inperceptions of career opportunitiesperceptions of career-related barriers Factors Related to Educational SuccessStructure and culture of educational system>Access to opportunities>Academic preparation>Institutional climateIndividual/family variables>Parents education>Parents support>Ethnic/racial identity; acculturationEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 59Multicultural Career Counseling Three Key Components>Cultural context>Students set culturally appropriate goals>Counselors use culturally appropriate career counselingtechniquesEcological systems map60 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Plenary Session 2 SlidesAppreciating Career Contexts Bronfenbrenners (1979) Ecological ModelCulturally Appropriate Career Counseling Techniques Culturally sensitive career counseling models>Culturally appropriate career counseling model (Fouad &Bingham, 1995)>Model of career assessment for women of color (Ward &Bingham, 1993; Bingham & Ward, 1994)>Integrative-Sequential Model (Leong & Hartung, 1997)>Model of Career Intervention (Leung, 1995)Common Factors:Counselor self-awareness; understandingstudents culture and worldview; creating culturally appropriateprocess and outcome goalsEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 61Plenary Session 2 Slides62 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Flores, Spanierman & Obasi, 2002Culturally Sensitive Career Development Teories/Models (Flores, 2006)Race/Gender Ecological approach to career development (Cook,Heppner, & OBrien, 2002) Social Cognitive Career Theory (Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 1994)Social Constructionist Approaches>Lapan (2009)>Solberg (2009)Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 63Turner, S. L., & Lapan, R. T. (2004). Promoting career development and aspirations in school-aged youth. In R. Lent, & S. Brown (Eds.) Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work. New York, NY: Wiley and Sons.Career Development Tasks>Developing positive career related self-effcacy expectations andattributional styles.>Forming a vocational identity.>Learning effective social, prosocial, and work readiness skills.>Constructing a better understanding of ones self, the world orwork, and ones ft in the work world>Crystallizing personally valued vocational interests.>Empowering all students to achieve academically and becomingself-regulated learners.Plenary Session 2 Slides64 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Culturally Sensitive Tools Family Career Genogram>Focus on educational patterns, career patterns>Patterns for men/women across generationsMulticultural Career Counseling Checklist (Ward & Bingham, 1993)>Counselor Preparation>Exploration and Assessment>Negotiation and Working ConsensusCareer-in-Culture Interview (Ponterotto, Rivera & Adachi Sueyoshi, 2000)Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 65Career-in-Culture InterviewIs there anything you would like to know about me and my role as a career counselor?What type of occupations were you aware of growing up?Tell me a little about your work experiences (past and present).Do you believe you can accomplish whatever goals you set foryourself?Why or why not?How has your family, both immediate and extended, infuenced your career goals.How do your career goals match or confict with your familys expectations?How would you describe your role/obligations in your immediate and extended family?Who are some of the people in your community and/or larger society who have infuenced your career goals and why?What do you see as your greatest challenge to pursuing yourcareer goals?Plenary Session 2 Slides66 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009SUMMARY: Career Counseling within SocialCultural Contexts (Flores, 2006) Be aware of your own, as well as students, culture, beliefs, andexpectations about education, work, and career counselingBe aware of cultural infuences but focus on students specialtalentsEstablish a strong working alliance>Attend to issues that may arise in the counseling relationshiprelated to cultural differences between counselor andstudentIdentify students strengths and work from thereBe aware of social and political infuences and their impact on the career development and choices available to members ofdiverse populationsBe aware of the perceived and real barriers that students mayexperience to develop an understanding of how these issues mayrelate to their career development.>Work to eliminate structural barriers>Help students to effectively deal with barriersEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 67Summary, ContinuedBe aware that culturally effective career counseling may require non-traditional interventionsExamine traditional practice interventions for their culturalappropriateness and contextual awareness>Adapt interventions to meet needs of students>Be fexible and willing to try different approachesConsult with experienced colleagues and others who might provide insight>Receive on-going feedback and assessment on personal culturalcompetenceEncourage the students to return for additional assistance if they experience obstacles after counseling has terminatedReview current literature>Affrm the importance of empirical research to culturally competent career counseling practicePlenary Session 2 Slides68 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Singapore-focused Counselling Publications Khor, P. (1994). The occupational aspirations of Singaporeanstudents: Circumscription and compromise.Lui, H. W. E. & Wong, S. S. (2006).Refections on counseling :Developing practice in schools. Singapore: Pearson/Prentice HallTan, E. (2004). Counselling in Schools: Theories, Processes andTechniques. Singapore: McGraw Hill.Hermans, H.J.M., & Kempen, H.J.G. (1998).Moving cultures: Te perilous problems of cultural dichotomies in a globalizing society. American Psychologist, 53(10), 1111-1120.Three developments:cultural connections leading to hybridization, the emergence of a heterogeneous global system, and the increasing cultural complexity.Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 69Leong, F. T. L., (2002). Challenges for career counseling in Asia: Variations in cultural accommodation. Career Development Quarterly, 50,277-284.When transferring Western models to Asian countries. Leongsuggests: >(a) identifying the cultural biases, cultural gaps, or cultural blindspots in an existing theory that restricts the cultural validity ofthe theory; >(b) selecting current culturally specifc concepts and modelsfrom the target culture to fll in the cultural gaps andaccommodate the theory to racial and ethnic minorities; and >(c) testing the culturally accommodated theory to determine if it has incremental validity above and beyond the culturally unaccommodated theory (p. 283).Acknowledgment70 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Organising CommitteeGui dance BranchEducat i on Programmes Di vi si onMi ni st ry ofEducat i on, Si ngaporeAdvisorsMs Sum Chee WahDi rect or Educat i on ProgrammesMs Tan Hwee Pi nDeput y Di rect or, Gui danceMr Lau Khee PhengAssi st antDi rect or, Gui danceMr Denni s KomSeni or Gui dance Speci al i stECG CommitteeMr Al bertTan Kay Lai Gui dance Speci al i stMs Est her Tan Chuan LooGui dance Speci al i stMr Li m Cheng YongGui dance Speci al i stMs Chesed Wong Chi ng Yi Gui dance Of cerMr Kwek SiYong St anl eyGui dance Of cerMs Cho Mi u Leng Beat ri ceGui dance Of cerand al lmembers ofGui dance BranchEducation & Career Guidance Conference 2009 71Te Organising Committee of the Education and Career Conference 2009 wishes to express our heartfelt appreciation to:Our Guest-of-HonourMrs Tan Ching YeePermanentSecret aryMi ni st ry ofEducat i onOur Guest SpeakerDr Beh Swan GinManagi ng Di rect or,Economi c Devel opmentBoardTe Committee also wishes to thank:Anderson Juni or Col l ege Bedok Town Secondary SchoolCompassval e Secondary SchoolGan Eng Seng Pri mary SchoolHwa Chong Inst i t ut eMi l l eni a Inst i t ut eSt . Hi l das Secondary SchoolChai rpersons, Emcees, Faci l i t at ors, Panel i st s, Present ers, Speakers and al lwho have cont ri but ed i n one way or anot her t o make t he Educat i on and Career Conf erence 2009 a success.Notes & Reflections72 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009 73Notes & Reflections74 Education & Career Guidance Conference 2009G uidance B ranchEducation Program m es D ivisionM inistry of Education