Care and handling ss
-
Upload
deirdre-joyce -
Category
Documents
-
view
315 -
download
0
Transcript of Care and handling ss
![Page 1: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Basic Care & Handling of Archival MaterialsNorthern New York Library Network, October 11 & 12
--Deirdre Joyce, Asst. Director & Regional Archivist, CLRC
![Page 2: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Introductions• Name• Institution & Location• Expectations for Today’s Class
![Page 3: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
About the DHP Program• Established in 1988 • Administered by the New York State
Archives• Preservation materials not supported in
grant program
![Page 4: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Objectives & Agenda• Discuss the Characteristics of Common
Archival Materials• Discuss Common Causes and Mitigating
Factors for Damage• Discuss Proper Storage and Handling
Techniques• Review the Role of Preservation in the
Archival Workflow• Preservation Forms
![Page 5: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What are we dealing with?
Characteristics of Common Archival Materials
![Page 6: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Six types of materials• Paper• Ink• Animal Skins• Textiles• Photographic Materials• Adhesives
![Page 7: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Paper• Most common type• Made of vegetable fibers•Cellulose • most important element
•Longer fibers = stronger paper•Lignin • responsible for acidity
![Page 8: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Paper History• Before 1600
![Page 11: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Types of Paper• Bond• Carbon• Carbonless copies• Coated• Colored paper• Copying paper• Cover• Decorated• Fax paper
• Kraft• Ledger• Manifold• Manilla• Newsprint• Onionskin• Parchment• Text• Transparent or Tracing
![Page 12: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Types of Ink• Carbon• Iron Gallotannate (iron
gall)• Copying inks• Modern Manuscript inks• Porous Pens• Printing Inks• Typewriter Ribbon Inks• Non-Impact Printing
Inks
• Ballpoint Pen Inks• Graphite
![Page 13: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Animal Skins• Leather • Parchment
![Page 14: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Textiles
![Page 15: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Photographic Materials
• Prints• Negatives• Positive
Transparencies
![Page 16: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Adhesives• Organic or synthetic substances• Often a concern in archival settings• Do not apply to archival materials• Do not remove
![Page 17: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
And what can be done to prevent or stop it?Causes of Deterioration
![Page 18: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
6 Major causes• Temperature and relative humidity• Atmospheric pollutants• Light• Biological Agents• Abuse and mismanagement• Disasters
![Page 19: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Temperature• High temp speeds
up reactions• Cold storage (at or
below freezing)• Cool storage (40-65
degrees)• Recommend: 70
degrees (+/- 2 degrees)
![Page 20: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Humidity• Changes in relative
humidity cause:•Chemical reactions•Physical reactions
![Page 21: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
More on Humidity• 45% +/- 2%• Low enough to
avoid mold growth• High enough to
keep materials from becoming too brittle
![Page 22: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Atmospheric Pollutants• Sulphur dioxide • Ozone• Smoking• Cooking• Off-gassing –
especially wood• Dirt/dust/soot
![Page 23: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Light Damage• All light damaging,
most damaging:• Ultra-violet
radiation is most damaging
• Infared light causes damage through heat
• Light damage is cumulative
![Page 24: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Light Control• Limit exposure to UV light, even in stacks• Cover windows; hang UV filters, paint black• Fluorescent light recommended• Motion detectors recommended
![Page 25: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Biological Agents
• Fungi (mold and mildew)
• Insects• Rodents
![Page 26: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Mitigating Biological Conditions• Temperature and humidity controls• Housekeeping practices•No food or drink •Fumigate with caution•Keep stacks and storage free of debris•Regular cleaning, dusting, vacuuming
![Page 27: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Abuse and MismanagementThings to think about:• People• Policies• Mismanagement
![Page 28: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Disasters• Floods, fires, wind
storms• Have a Disaster Plan in
place• NEDCC Disaster Plan
![Page 29: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
What do we need?Storage and Handling
![Page 30: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Shelving• Heavy duty and
made of non-toxic materials
• Good ventilation• Not against exterior
or basement walls to prevent excess moisture build-up
![Page 31: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Paper EnclosuresBasic Rules• Non-acidic paper materials (alkaline 8.5 –
10.0)• Available from archival supply companies• Do no harm• Model good behavior
![Page 32: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Plastic EnclosuresBasic Rules:• Use to protect
photographs from fingerprints
• Should not be used on materials in which the media is only loosely adhered
• Labeling can be difficult
Good Plastic vs. Bad Plastic• Mylar, Polypropylene,
Polyethylene• PVC & Acetate
![Page 33: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Storing and Housing Paper• Store loose papers in envelopes or folders• Everything should fit securely in boxes• Materials should fit snugly• Paper size should fit box size• L-sleeves provide additional support
![Page 34: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Oversized Materials• Flat boxes• Map cases• Matting and framing• Rolled materials
![Page 35: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Bound Items• Can include letterpress books, diaries,
ledgers, account books, journals, albums, and scrapbooks.
• Store medium and small items upright• Store oversized items flat• Use boxes when necessary• Tie broken books
![Page 36: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Photographic Materials• Store in individual enclosures• Make policy decision
regarding storage places• Separate stored prints and
negatives• Divide materials by size• Oversized photographs
stored flat• Back acidic boards with
alkaline boards• Cased photographs wrapped
and stored flat• Glass plate negatives should
be stored upright
![Page 37: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Archival Workflow• Appraisal• Accessioning• Arrangement and Description• Preservation• Provide Access• Reference
![Page 38: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Appraisal
Field Survey• Basic assessment• Form or checklist is useful
Materials Transfer• Decide who will pack•Who is in charge?•Moving security
![Page 39: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
AccessioningDedicated receiving room/area
Preliminary inventory• Discard packing materials• Triage•More detailed inventory, more helpful later
![Page 40: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Arrangement and Description• Basic holdings maintenance• Rehousing• Labeling• MPLP – More Product Less Process
![Page 41: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Exhibitions• Exhibitions policy•Exhibition environment•Conservation•Length of time• Inventory of materials•Agreement (if loaning outside of repository)
![Page 42: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Reference• Dusting• Mitigate damage to fragile materials• Assess materials• Deal with oversize materials• Count valuable materials• Clean hands• Security plan
![Page 43: Care and handling ss](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062901/58f314791a28ab1b138b459d/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Preservation Plan• Specific procedures for each phase of
the workflow• Enforce rules equally, internally and
externally• Get management approval