Cardiovascular System The body’s transport system.
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Transcript of Cardiovascular System The body’s transport system.
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Cardiovascular System
The body’s transport system.
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Cardiovascular System
3 main parts:
heart
blood vessels
blood
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1. The HEART
The pump that moves the blood through the body.
brings O2 and food to cells
removes cell wastes and CO2 from cells
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1. The HEART
Valves stop blood from flowing backwards.
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1. The HEART
Path of blood flow:
Cells of the Body
↓Right side of Heart
↓Lungs
↓Left side of the heart
↓Cells of the Body
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2. The blood vessels
Artery– carries blood away from the heart
RBCs carry O2
Vein– carries blood to the heart from the cells
RBCs carry CO2
Capillary– connects arteries to veins– microscopic
– where CO2 and O2 are exchanged
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3. The blood
Has several things in it:
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3. The blood
A. Plasma
Liquid part of the blood
95% water
Has dissolved food and body chemicals
Blood cells float in the plasma
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3. The blood
B. Red blood cells (RBCs)
Contains hemoglobin which
holds onto the O2 or CO2
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3. The blood
C. White blood cells (WBCs)
Seek and destroy invading organisms (bacteria) and particles (viruses) that could cause disease.
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3. The blood
D. Platelets
Cell pieces that help blood clot and thus stop bleeding.
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3. The blood
E. Antibodies
Chemicals that help WBCs identify foreign invaders
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3½. Blood types
A, AB, B, and O
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4 Basic Blood Types
Blood types are determined by what chemical (called an antigen) on the surface of the RBC.
• A = Has A antigen• B = Has B antigen• AB = Has A and B antigens• O = has neither antigen
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TO MIX or NOT MIXBody makes antibodies against antigens
that are not on its own RBCs
Type A, antibody Bcan receive A, O
Type B, antibody Acan receive B, O
Type AB, no antibodiescan receive A, B, AB, O: universal recipient
Type O, antibody A & Bcan receive O; universal donor
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DISEASES
Cardiovascular diseases (“heart disease”) kill more Americans than any other disease.
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Data is for the U.S. in 2007
Number of deaths for leading causes of death
Heart disease: 616,067 Cancer: 562,875
Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases): 135,952 Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 127,924 Accidents (unintentional injuries): 123,706
Alzheimer's disease: 74,632 Diabetes: 71,382
Flu and Pneumonia: 52,717 Kidney disease: 46,448
Septicemia: 34,828
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Cause Percent of Total
1. Diseases of the heart 28.5
2. Malignant tumors 22.8
3. Cerebrovascular diseases 6.7
4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases
5.1
5. Accidents (unintentional injuries)
4.4
6. Diabetes mellitus 3.0
7. Influenza and pneumonia 2.7
8. Alzheimer's disease 2.4
9. Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis
1.7
10. Septicemia (blood poisoning) 1.4
11. Suicide 1.3
12. Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis
1.1
13. Primary hypertension and hypertensive renal disease
0.8
14. Parkinson's disease (tied) 0.7
15. Homicide (tied) 0.7 Source: CDC/NHS, National Vital Statistics System
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DISEASES
Cardiovascular diseases (“heart disease”) kill more Americans than any other disease.
The major cause of heart diseases isAtherosclerosis-
“hardening of the arteries”when fatty deposits build up inside of blood vessels and block
blood flow
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The big CVS killers, tied to atherosclerosis, are:1. Heart attack-
an artery to the heart is blocked and cardiac muscle dies.
2. Stroke- a vessel in the brain is blocked or breaks
open.3. High Blood Pressure (hypertension)-
causes kidney or heart damage.
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Other killers are:4. Leukemia-
a cancer that stops RBC and WBC production5. Hemophilia-
a person can’t form blood clots(and can bleed to death easily)