CARDIOVASCULAR EMERGENCIES Conduction Pathway SA node – AV Junction – AV node – Bundle of His...
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Transcript of CARDIOVASCULAR EMERGENCIES Conduction Pathway SA node – AV Junction – AV node – Bundle of His...
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CARDIOVASCULAR EMERGENCIES
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Conduction PathwaySA node – AV Junction – AV node – Bundle of His – Purkinje Fibers60 – 100 bpm 40 – 60 bpm 15 to 40 bpm
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What is a cardiovascular emergency?......
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Cardiac Compromise• Blanket term• Sometimes called Acute Coronary Syndrome
or ACS• Refers to a cardiac event of rapid onset• ACS {ischemia}
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Cardiac Compromise can be caused by disorders that affect the condition and function of the heart:
• CAD• Aneurism• Electrical malfunctions• Mechanical malfunctins• Angina
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• CHF• Thrombus• Embolism• AMI
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CAD• Coronary Arteries• Narrowing or blockage• Blood flow reduced, impeding O2 to the heart• Under stress or exertion, Hear rate ↑s
increasing oxygen demand
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The culprits:• ArteriosclerosisStiffening or hardening of the arterial wall from
Ca++ depositsElasticity is lost changing blood flow and ↑ng
B/P
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• AtherosclerosisBuild up of fatty deposits on the inner walls of
the arteriesNarrowing of the diameter of the vessel
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Aneurism• Angina PectorisLiterally means a pain in the chestCAD
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CHF• Congestive Heart Failure• Inadequate pumping of the heart• Left sided heart failure• May be brought on by
Diseased heart valvesHTNCOPD
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Resulting in• Edema
backup of fluids• Cardiogenic Shock
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Signs and symptoms of CHF• Tachycardia• Dyspnea• Normal or ↑d B/P• Cyanosis• Diaphoresis• Cool / clammy / skin• Rales
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• Anxiety• Confusion• Pedal edema• JVD {late sign}• ABD distension
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Treatment Modalities• O2• POC
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