Cardio2 Flashcards
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Transcript of Cardio2 Flashcards
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Term 1
Acyanotic conditions
Definition 1
Disorders resulting in the mixingof venous and arterial blood
Term 2
Aneurysm
Definition 2
Localized dilation andweakening of an arterial wall
Term 3
Angina pectoris
Definition 3
Severe chest pain as a result ofoxygen deficit to the
myocardium
Term 4
Angiography
Definition 4
Radiography of the heart andvessels
Term 5
Arrhythmia
Definition 5
Abnormality of heart rhythm
Term 6
Arteriosclerosis
Definition 6
A cardiovascular disorder, theresult of loss of elasticity andaccumulation of collagen, thatresults in a thickening of the
arterial walls
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Term 7
Atheromas
Definition 7
Plaques consisting of lipids,cells, fibrin, and debris, often
with attached thrombi
Term 8
Atherosclerosis
Definition 8
Degenerative changes thatpromote the accumulation of
cholesterols in the walls of largearteries
Term 9
Atrial fibrillation
Definition 9
Heart rate more than 350 beatsper minute
Term 10
Atrioventricular (AV) node
Definition 10
Small mas of specialized cardiacmuscle that is part of the
conduction system of the heart
Term 11
Auscultation
Definition 11
Act of listening to organ soundsto diagnose a problem
Term 12
Bradycardia
Definition 12
Regular but slow heart rate,often a result of vagal nerve or
parasympathetic nervestimulation
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Term 13
Bundle of His
Definition 13
Bundle of specialized conductivecardiac cells that relay the signal
from the AV node to theventricles
Term 14
Cardiomegaly
Definition 14
Enlargement of the heart
Term 15
Claudication
Definition 15
Extreme cramplike leg(occasionally arm) pain
Term 16
Diaphoresis
Definition 16
Excessive sweating
Term 17
Diastole
Definition 17
Refers to the relaxation of theheart
Term 18
Diastolic pressure
Definition 18
Represents the pressure duringventricular relaxation
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Term 19
Dysrhythmia
Definition 19
An abnormal cardiac rhythm
Term 20
Echocardiography
Definition 20
Record image of the heart andvalve movements
Term 21
Ectopic Pacemaker
Definition 21
Region of the heart other thanthe SA node that can initiate
heartbeat
Term 22
Electrocardiography (ECG)
Definition 22
Graphic record of the heart'saction potential
Term 23
Embolus
Definition 23
Circulating blood clot
Term 24
Endocarditis
Definition 24
Inflammation of theendocardium, generally caused
by bacterial and fungalinfections
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Term 25
Hypertension
Definition 25
Common problem involving aconsistently elevated blood
pressure
Term 26
Mediastinum
Definition 26
Portion of the thoracic cavity inthe middle of the thorax
Term 27
Medulla oblongata
Definition 27
Part of the brain stemresponsible for control of the
cardiac, vasomoter, andrespiratory control center
Term 28
Myocarditis
Definition 28
Inflammation of the myocardium,most often caused by viral and
parasitic infections
Term 29
Myosin
Definition 29
Contractile protein found inskeletal muscle
Term 30
Oliguria
Definition 30
Diminished urine production andexcretion
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Term 31
Pericarditis
Definition 31
Inflammation of the fibroseroussac surrounding the heart
Term 32
Peripheral vascular disease
Definition 32
Refers to any abnormality inarteries or veins that supplyblood to the extremities and
major abdominal organs
Term 33
Phlebothrombosis
Definition 33
Condition in which a thrombusforms spontaneously in a vein
without prior inflammation
Term 34
Plethysmography
Definition 34
Measures the size of limbs andblood volume in organs or
tissues
Term 35
Pulsus paradoxus
Definition 35
Paradoxical pulse
Term 36
Purkinje fiber
Definition 36
Subendocardial branch thatconducts the signals from thebundle of His to the ventricular
muscle
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Term 37
Rheumatic fever
Definition 37
Acute systemic inflammatorydisease that can develop as a
rare complication to untreated orunder-treated infections causedby group A Streptococcus (that
is, strep throat)
Term 38
Shock
Definition 38
Hypotension that results in adecreased circulating blood
volume, leading to decreasedtissue perfusion and general
hypoxia
Term 39
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Definition 39
"Pacemaker" of the heart thatgenerates impulses by
spontaneous depolarization
Term 40
Systole
Definition 40
Refers to the contraction of theheart
Term 41
Systole pressure
Definition 41
Pressure of blood at ejectionfrom the left ventricle
Term 42
Tachycardia
Definition 42
Regular but abnormally rapidheart rate that may be a normal
response to sympatheticstimulation
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Term 43
Tetralogy of Fallot
Definition 43
Most common cyanoticcongenital heart condition that
involves four heart abnormalities
Term 44
Thrombophlebitis
Definition 44
An inflamed area of a veincaused by a blood clot
Term 45
Troponin
Definition 45
Regulatory protein in vertebraland cardiac muscle
Term 46
Varicose veins
Definition 46
Pronounced or permanentlydistended veins, usually in the
lower extremities
Term 47
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Definition 47
Opening in the interventricularseptum that varies in size and
location
Term 48
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
Definition 48
Result of insufficient pumpingcapability of the heart
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