Carbon cycle theme #1 The Earth’s carbon cycle has a stabilizing mechanism against sudden addition...
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![Page 1: Carbon cycle theme #1 The Earth’s carbon cycle has a stabilizing mechanism against sudden addition of CO 2 to the atmosphere – About 50% of carbon emission.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697c0201a28abf838cd25f9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Carbon cycle theme #1
• The Earth’s carbon cycle has a stabilizing mechanism against sudden addition of CO2 to the atmosphere– About 50% of carbon emission is absorbed into
land and ocean surfaces– Climate warming would be twice as severe if there
were no such carbon sink– Ocean carbon uptake is helpful but it comes with
certain consequences: ocean acidification
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Ocean carbon cycle (2)
CO2 + CO32- + H2O 2HCO3
-
![Page 3: Carbon cycle theme #1 The Earth’s carbon cycle has a stabilizing mechanism against sudden addition of CO 2 to the atmosphere – About 50% of carbon emission.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697c0201a28abf838cd25f9/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Carbonate chemistry• DIC = [CO2*] + [HCO3
-] + [CO32-]
![Page 4: Carbon cycle theme #1 The Earth’s carbon cycle has a stabilizing mechanism against sudden addition of CO 2 to the atmosphere – About 50% of carbon emission.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697c0201a28abf838cd25f9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is pH?
• pH = -log10[H+]– Lower pH value indicate increasing acidity
• Notation: pX = -log10X– Potential of X– Logarithmic scale: If pH decreases by 1, it’s a
factor of ten increase in acidity
![Page 5: Carbon cycle theme #1 The Earth’s carbon cycle has a stabilizing mechanism against sudden addition of CO 2 to the atmosphere – About 50% of carbon emission.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697c0201a28abf838cd25f9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Carbon cycle theme #1 The Earth’s carbon cycle has a stabilizing mechanism against sudden addition of CO 2 to the atmosphere – About 50% of carbon emission.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697c0201a28abf838cd25f9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Carbon cycle theme #1 The Earth’s carbon cycle has a stabilizing mechanism against sudden addition of CO 2 to the atmosphere – About 50% of carbon emission.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697c0201a28abf838cd25f9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Carbon cycle theme #1 The Earth’s carbon cycle has a stabilizing mechanism against sudden addition of CO 2 to the atmosphere – About 50% of carbon emission.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697c0201a28abf838cd25f9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What controls the pH of seawater?
• Ions in the seawater– Cations and anions– Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, K+, Cl-, F-, SO4
2-, NO3-, HCO3
-, CO32-,
H+, OH-, B(OH)4-, etc…
• Charge balance– The charge-weighted sum of positively and
negatively charged ions must be zero. • Alkalinity– The net positive charge from strong ions
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Strong base cations
(less) strong acid anions
Alkalinity: is the net molar concentration, in charge-equivalents, of the cations of strong bases in excess of the anions of strong acids
Definition of Alkalinity
Weak acid anions
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Approximate relation
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• DIC = [CO2*] + [HCO3-] + [CO3
2-]
• Alk = [HCO3-] + 2[CO3
2-]