Capillary Action
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Transcript of Capillary Action
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CAPILLARY ACTION
Emma JardineDr. Fritz period 7
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What happens when a paper towel absorbs water? Water molecules have a negative and
positive end They are attracted to opposite charges
on other molecules Water molecules can be attracted to
each other and paper The water is attracted to the paper towel
and spreads out
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Adhesive Forces Adhesive forces are the attractive forces
between unlike molecules They are caused by forces acting
between two substances Adhesion causes the liquid to cling to
the surface on which it rests
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Cohesive Forces Cohesive forces are the intermolecular
forces which cause a tendency in liquids to resist separation
These attractive forces exist between molecules of the same substance
This force tends to unite molecules of a liquid because the molecules' dislike for its surrounding
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Effects When liquid is placed on a smooth surface,
the relative strengths of the cohesive and adhesive forces acting on that liquid and determine the shape it will take
If the adhesive forces between a liquid and a surface are stronger, they will cause it to wet the surface
If the cohesive forces between the liquid are stronger, they will resist the adhesion and cause retain its shape
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Example Lab
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Materials A glass of water An empty glass Paper towels
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Directions 1. Fold the paper towel into a thin strip 2.Place one end of the paper towel into
the glass filled with water and the other into the empty glass
3. Record what happens
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The Beginning The paper towel starts to get wet
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Half An Hour Later The second cup is starting to fill with
water
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An Hour Later The second cup is filling up with more
water
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A Few Hours Later The second cup has almost the same
amount of water as the first cup
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The End Result There is an even amount of water in
each glass
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Why did this happen? The water used capillary action to move
along the tiny gaps in the fiber of the paper towels
This happens because of the adhesive force between the water and paper towel being stronger than the cohesive forces inside the water itself