CANADA SINCE 1867

MIGRATION AND COLONIZATION IN THE LATE 19 T H CENTURY

Population and Settlement in the Contemporary Period

Immigration Act 1869

The immigration law increased the population of the Dominion of Canada by providing: Quarantine system to prevent the spread of

contagious disease Few restrictions on number of immigrants

As a result, almost everyone was welcome However, the government wanted to forbid criminals

National Policy

Essential for economic development Create a market in Canada

Tariff policy on imported goods Increase trade through the development of the

railroad and industries in urban centers Increase immigration through expanding settlements

west of Ontario

Emigration to the United States

5 reasons describe high emigration rate:1. Land shortage2. Railways 3. Proximity of border4. Higher wages5. Modernization of agriculture

Colonization of New Regions

Agricultural colonization was introduced by the government in order to maintain a Francophone Catholic majority in Quebec

Why had colonization become an act of patriotism? Document 126 (page 73)

What are the population distribution trends in figure 28?

Colonization of New Regions con’t

Where these projects successful?

What were the challenges that colonists faced?

Migrations to the West

Mostly immigrants from British origin immigrated west of Quebec.

Manitoba represented a francophone majority due to Catholic missionaries.

Not many Francophones left Quebec the reasons for this were: Fearing the domination of Anglophone majority

Following the Metis rebellions, the hanging of leader Louis Reil increased Francophones mistrust.