Campaign Against Dengue

8/8/2019 Campaign Against Dengue

1/22

Campaign Against Dengue

Republic of the Philippines, Department of Health

San Lazaro Compound, Sta. Cruz, Manila(+632) 743-8301 to 23

The Department of Health (DOH) turned over dengue information

resources to the education and local government departments and the Liga

ng mga Barangay sa Pilipinas, to add more power to their capabilities in

helping curtail the dengue problem in the country, as the DOH launched

its National Anti-Dengue Campaign.


2/22

"The fight against dengue is not a DOH battle alone. We have allies in this

war from the local front, most notable are the Departments of Education

(DepEd) and Interior and Local Governments (DILG) and the Liga ng

mga Barangay sa Pilipinas, and we have to reinforce the instruments to

their fight by giving them more ammunition in the form of education

materials,"Health Secretary Francisco T. Duque III said.

WHAT IS DENGUE FEVER?

Dengue Fever and Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (a more severe form) are

the most common mosquito-borne viral diseases in the world.

Dengue Fever is an illness caused by infection with a virus transmitted by

the Aedes mosquito. This disease is also called break-bone fever because it

sometimes causes severe joint and muscle pain.


3/22

There are two types of dengue fever:

Dengue fever which manifests itself as a flu-like illness.

Dengue hemorrhagic fever which is a severe, often

fatal, complication of dengue fever.

Dengue Fever is spread though the bite of the Aedes Mosquito. Thereare about 950 species of Aedes mosquitoes in the world

of which about 180 species exist in the South East Asian

countries.

THERE IS NO DRUG FOR DENGUE.

To prevent dengue fever, you must prevent the breeding of its carrier, the

Aedes mosquitoes. Aedes mosquitoes are identified by the black and white

stripes on their body. You can get rid of the Aedes mosquito by frequentlychecking and removing stagnant water in your home.


4/22

LIFECYCLE OF AEDES MOSQUITO

It takes 7-9 days for the mosquito to develop from theegg to the flying adult. Under optimal conditions, the egg of an

Aedes mosquito can hatch into a larva in less than a day.

The larva then takes about four days to develop in a pupa, from which an

adult mosquito will emerge after two days.

Three days after the mosquito has bitten a person and taken in blood, it

will lay eggs, and the cycle begins again.


5/22

FACTS ABOUT THE MOSQUITO

Only the female aedes mosquito bites as it needs the protein in blood to

develop its eggs.

The mosquito becomes infective approximately 7 days after it has bitten a

person carrying the virus. This is the extrinsic incubation period, during

which time the virus replicates in the mosquito and reaches the salivary

glands.

Peak biting is at dawn and dusk. The average lifespan of an Aedes mosquito in Nature is 2 weeks

The mosquito can lay eggs about 3 times in its lifetime, and about 100

eggs are produced each time.

The eggs can lie dormant in dry conditions for up to about 9 months,

after which they can hatch if exposed to favourable conditions, i.e. water

and food


6/22

POTENTIAL BREEDING SITES

Dengue mosquitoes do not breed in swamps or drains.

They tend to breed in containers of stagnant waterinside and outside the home.

Aedes aegypti mosquitoes generally known as a

container breeder normally breed in pure water which

is not very deep. Sometimes it could breed even in

slightly polluted or slightly brackish water.

Abandoned water tank


7/22

Mosquitos breeding in a quart jar ..

The common breeding places of the Aedes mosquito are

so varied and so many:

We normally speak about discarded plastic cups,

coconut shells, empty bottles, containers used as ant

traps in houses, tree holes, drums and containers used

for collection and store water.

They also breed in cans, buckets, jars, blocked roof

gutters and tarps, sheaths of some plants like bromeliad

and bananas etc.

Other productive containers for dengue are discarded

tyres, toilet tanks, flower vases and pots.

If you remove these sources, your risk of being bitten by

a Dengue mosquito is significantly reduced.


8/22

Example of poor garbage management(Coconut shells with rain water collection) ..

Water collected under the flower pot.

All households are also urged to constantly check anycollection of water in their dish drains and water

dispensers because in inspections, many dengue-carrier

mosquitoes lay their eggs in these containers.

A research study conducted by the International Health


9/22

for Tropical Medicine showed that productive

containers for dengue breeding sites are mostly found

indoors.

Tyres kept outdoors collect rain water ..

Many breeding places of the mosquitoes are found right

inside of houses and yards.

In some places families who cannot afford water pumps

often end up storing water in large water receptacles

like jugs, cans, drums and plastic jars.

These stored water become stockpile of most families

for several days becoming good breeding places ofmosquitoes.


10/22

Flower pot with water collection ..

Huge water storing containers without tight fitting lids

that cannot be emptied easily..

There are also so many unsuspected places in ourgarden where water remains for more than 7 days and

these could be Aedes mosquito breeding place.

Always throw away stagnant water that collects in every


11/22

possible container that you can find in your

surroundings.

USUAL MOSQUITO BREEDING SITES

UNUSUAL MOSQUITO BREEDING SITES


12/22


13/22

INDICATION OF THE DISEASE

The presence of virus of this disease

in the body can only be ascertained through blood test in the laboratory.

The test can show whether the blood sample contains dengue virus or

antibodies to the virus.


14/22

INDICATIONS

The dengue virus takes about a week to multiply in the

patient's body after the patient is bitten by an infectedAedes mosquito.

A person infected with the dengue fever virus can show

symptoms three to 14 days from the time of infection.

Symptoms of typical uncomplicated dengue usually start with fever within

5 to 6 days after a person has been bitten. Classic dengue fever is

characterised by an abrupt onset of a high fever that

may last up to five days.

Some people who get dengue fever don't have any

symptoms at all. Young children often have a fever witha rash, but other symptoms are minor.

The specific indications of this disease include:

High fever, up to 105 degrees Fahrenheit


15/22

(about 40.6 degrees Celsius)

Severe joint and muscle pain

Nausea and vomiting

Pain in back, body and joints

Presence of spots on the body

Pain in eyeballs

Shortage of white cells in the blood

Severe headache, cold und flu

Rash may appear over most of the body 3 to 4 days after the fever begins.

A second rash may appear later in the disease.

In case of serious illness, blood may be emitted from

different parts of the body like mouth and the nose


16/22

TREATMENT

If a person gets fever for more than two days and/or issuspected to have dengue then he should be brought

immediately to the nearest hospital or health center for

the doctors to assess the situation.

Once a patient is found out to be a dengue victim, he or

she will be admitted to the hospital for the doctors to

monitor their progress especially in their blood.

There is no specific treatment for dengue fever, and

most people recover completely within 2 weeks. It is

advisable to take plenty of bed rest, drink lots of fluids,

take medicines to reduce fever.

You should not take aspirin or ibuprofen, as this can

aggravate any bleeding symptoms you may have.

Symptoms of dengue fever normally last for about a

week. However, it can take longer to return to normal.

You may feel fatigued, have a low appetite and feel


17/22

generally unwell for several weeks after your fever has

gone.

DENGUE

HEMORRHAGIC FEVER

Nearly all the victims of dengue fever are children ..

Dengue fever can sometimes develop into a more serious

illness, called dengue hemorrhagic fever, which means

you may have bleeding under the skin, from your gums

and nose, and you may vomit blood or pass blood in

your stools. The condition can suddenly worsen and befatal.


18/22

Without prompt treatment, the blood vessels can

collapse, causing shock to the system (dengue shock

syndrome).

Dengue hemorrhagic fever is fatal in about 5% of cases

(mainly in children and young adults).

For dengue hemorrhagic fever, re-hydration is needed

to replace lost fluids, and in some cases, blood

transfusions may be necessary to control bleeding.

DENGUE PREVENTION CHECKLIST

To prevent the spread of dengue fever, you must first prevent the breeding

of its vector, the Aedes mosquitoes. The Aedes mosquito is easily

identifiable by its distinctive black and white stripes on their body. It

prefers to breed in clean, stagnant water easily found in our homes. You

can get rid of the Aedes mosquito by frequently checking and removing

stagnant water in your premises.

The guidelines below will give you an overview of how you can prevent the

Aedes mosquito from breeding.

Keep your homes and offices protected against mosquitoes.

Keep homes and offices airy, bright and safe from moisture.


19/22

Fix nets on doors and windows.

Wear full sleeves clothes.

Use mosquito nets while sleeping.

Don't leave the overhead tanks open.

Don't keep water in containers for more than a week. Instead, empty

them every week, let them dry and then fill again.

Don't let the water falling from the overhead tanks to accumulate

permanently. Instead dry it.

Don't let the water accumulate in any case both inside or outside the

home.

Be mindful of your home's cleanliness.

Keep the fence and hedge boundaries duly cut both inside and outside the

home, and spray over them with insecticides, particularly in the evening.

Don't let the water stay all the time in the flower pots, gamias of plants.

Instead water them only in the morning every alternate day.

The best way to fight dengue is through sustainedcleanliness and sanitation.


20/22

THE USE OF

FOGGING MEASURES

Fogging, using the nauseous gas Malathion, is used to

kill the Aedes aegypti mosquito, the carrier of the

dengue virus, to stop transmission of the disease.

The chemical contains toxins that may cause intestinal

problems, brain damage, respiratory problems, among

others.

Fogging does not totally eradicate the dengue-carrying

mosquito as it just transfers to other place which had

not been fogged

Fogging just kills the adult mosquito but leaves the

kiti-kiti (larvae) to thrive


21/22

Fogging is only advisable in highly-concentrated areas

where there are already outbreaks in the dengue case.

To declare an outbreak, there must be clustering of

cases in significant areas.

HOW TO FIGHT

THE DENGUE VIRUS

The best way to fight dengue fever is prevention and theway to do this is to arm yourself with information

regarding this disease.

Knowing how to protect one's self from mosquito bites

will keep you and your family from getting sick.

More effective dengue prevention and controlling

programs are needed, rather than using the foggingmethod which is highly risky to health and

environment.

There are four strategies to fight dengue:

1) search and destroy mosquito breeding sites

2) the use of self protection measures


22/22

like using mosquito nets

3) seeking early treatment

4) no indiscriminate fogging

Campaign Against Dengue

Documents

Transcript of Campaign Against Dengue