Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-13299-2 - Mind Your ...
Transcript of Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-13299-2 - Mind Your ...
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1 The weatherpage 8
First conditional; unlessLinkers of contrastArticles
The weather though
2 Mysterious placespage 14
Present simple vs. present continuousPast simple vs. past continuous
Guessing meaning from contextMaterials
Linking sounds in the past simple
Check your progress Units 1 and 2 page 20
3 Travel and transportpage 22
will/won’t vs. be going toDefining relative clauses: objects, whose
Travel won’t
4 A working lifepage 28
Present continuous for future plansmight/may (not)
Jobs and workComparison with adjectives
Sentence stress: rhythmin questions
Check your progress Units 3 and 4 page 34
5 Your mindpage 36
Reflexive pronouns Phrasal verbs Stress in phrasal verbs
6 Growing uppage 42
Present simple passivePast simple passive
Phrasal verbs and prepositional verbs
Weak and strong forms of prepositions
Check your progress Units 5 and 6 page 48
7 Fun!page 50
Present perfect simple; for vs. since Expressions with verbs have, has and for
8 Filmspage 56
Reported statements in the pastReported orders/requestssay vs. tell with direct and reported speech
Phrasal verbs with liveFilms
Consonant clusters
Check your progress Units 7 and 8 page 62
9 Disaster!page 64
should/shouldn’tcould/couldn’tReported questions
Disasters, accidents, emergencies Intonation in reported questions
10 Health and medicinepage 70
used toVerbs + -ing / verbs + to + base verbRemember, forget, stop, start + ing / + to
Medicine /z/ or /s/ in used
Check your progress Units 9 and 10 page 76
11 Musicpage 78
Present perfect continuousPresent perfect continuous vs.
present perfect simple
Music Sentence stress: rhythm
12 Campaigningpage 84
Infinitive of purpose; so that + can/couldPresent perfect passive and future passive:
predictions
Participle adjectives ‘Silent’ letters
Check your progress Units 11 and 12 page 90
13 Friendspage 92
Gerunds: subject, object, predicatePast perfectTime conjunctions
Personality adjectives Linking sounds
14 Technologypage 98
Second conditionalI wish / if only + past perfectModal verbs of deduction: present
Space ’d
Check your progress Units 13 and 14 page 104
Unit
Welcome unit � Present simple vs. past simple � Wh- questions � Short answers � Clothes � House and furniture �
Grammar Vocabulary Pronunciation
Speaking exercises: extra material page 106 � Irregular verbs and phonetics page 107 � Wordlist page 108
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Talking about future possibilitiesTalking about how you learnt something
Report on climate change Our fragile planetStory: Was she pretty?
Short text about learning something
Describing temporary and permanent activities
Discussing StonehengeTalking about legends
Interview about Seahenge At the bottom of the seaCulture: Treasure map?
Developing a narrative
Talking about holidays Email about a holiday in BorneoDialogue about planning a trip
to China
Want an adventure? Spend ten days in Borneo
Story: You said 6.30, didn’t you?
Email about a homestay in Britain
Talking about future jobsA job interviewDiscussion: jeans
Future jobsJob interviewDialogue about a dream job
Future jobsCulture: Jeans for every
generation
Job application letter
What’s your strongest intelligence? Interview about multiple intelligences
How to improve your memoryStory: Who’s going to sing?
Competition entry
Retelling a storyDiscussing minimum age limits
Story about a coming of age ceremony
Dialogue about a quiz
From teenager to adultCulture: Call yourself an adult?
Magazine article about a special day
Talking about unfinished situationsQuestionnaire: Are you fun to be with?Discussing how you have fun
Song: Don’t Worry, Be Happy Interview with a clown doctorStory: Let’s talk about it later
Email about how you have fun
Telling a story game (with say and tell)Talking about filmsDiscussion: film stars and fame
Story about a young actorDialogue about a filmDialogue about a Hollywood star
A lucky break for the shoeshine boyFilm reviewsCulture: Hollywood Stars /
Lifestyles / Your say
Film review
Reporting questions in the past Interview about a disaster in San Francisco
Tsunami – the giant waveStory: The winners are …
Newspaper story about a forest fire
Expressing likes, dislikes and preferencesTalking about health and medicine
Report about medicine in the pastDialogue about Joseph Lister
Medicine in the pastCulture: Heart and soul
Article about a famous scientist
Talking about an actor’s lifeDiscussing music and instruments
Story about a Young Musician of the Year
People talking about music
A young winnerStory: I used to like Joanne
Article about playing a musical instrument ordoing a sport
Discussion: an endangered tribeTalking about life in the futureDiscussion: renewable energy
Report about the Jarawa tribeSpeeches about town developmentCulture: Energy around the world
Tribes in dangerLetter protesting a proposed
new shopping centre
Campaign article for a school website
Putting a story in the right orderRetelling a storyTalking about friendship
Ghost story Old ShepQuestionnaire about friendshipStory: I don’t think so
Short story
Talking about life on other planetsDiscussion: computers and the Internet
Teenage views on computersRadio programme about the first
Moon landing
Computers – good for learning or just for fun?
Culture: Just how great arecomputers?
Competition entry
Food and drink � Adverbs
Speaking & functions Listening Reading Writing
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4 Welcome unit
WWelcome!elcome!Present simple vs. past simple
Wh- questions
Short answers
Clothes
House and furniture
Food and drink
Adverbs
Present simple vs. past simple Complete the sentences. Use the present simple or past simple form of the verbs.
1
İstanbul 1 (be) the name of thecity now. People first 2 (use) thename İstanbul about a thousand years ago, andbefore that people called the city Byzantium.For a while, the Roman Emperor Septimus 3 (change) the name to AugustaAntonina. In 330 CE, the Emperor Constantine 4 (rename) the city Constantinople.The next Emperor, Constantius II, 5
(try) to name the city Nova Roma, which means'New Rome', but nobody used this name.
People still sometimes 6 (talk)about ‘The City of Seven Hills’ and to this daythe symbol for the city 7 (have)seven triangles on it to represent them. Somepeople in the past 8 (say) İstanbulwas Dersaadet or ‘The Gate of Happiness’ andpeople still 9 (remember) thisname today. The term ‘The Sublime Porte’ also10 (become) a name for the city.The Vikings 11 (visit) the city. Theirname for it 12 (be) Miklagard.
Wh- questions Complete the sentences with the question words from the box.
Who Why Which When What Where
2
is
1 A: was Joe Strummer? B: He was a musician in the British punk
rock group, The Clash. 2 A: instrument did he play?
B: The guitar. 3 A: other groups did he play for?
B: The 101’ers, the Mescaleros, the Pogues ... 4 A: were they called ‘The 101’ers’?
B: That was the number of his house in London!
5 A: was his real name? B: John Graham Mellor.
6 A: did he change his name to Strummer?
B: Because of the way he played the guitar.7 A: was he born?
B: In Ankara. 8 A: was he born in Turkey?
B: His father was working in Ankara at the time.
9 A: did he die? B: In 2002.
10 A: did Joe Strummer play his last concert for?
B: Firefighters in London.
Who
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5Welcome unit
Short answers Complete the dialogues with the short answers from the box. You may use an answer more than once.
So do I. Neither do I. Nor do I. So did I. So am I. Neither did I.
3
1 A: I don't like kokoreç.B:
2 A: I ate karnıyarık yesterday. B:
3 A: I hate işkembe. B:
4 A: I didn’t see any tarhana soup on the menu. B:
5 A: I love dolma biber.B:
6 A: I'm going to have the İskender kebab. B:
7 A: I enjoy eating erişte. B:
8 A: None of my friends eat paça soup. B:
9 A: I’m a fan of vavla soup. B:
10 A: I ordered the Arnavut ciğeri. B:
Clothes Read the dialogues. Complete the sentences with the words from the box. Then write the namesElle, Maude, Ken and Manny.
4
jumper T-shirt shoes jacket jeans scarftrousers skirt trainers dress shirt socks
Manny: Your red 1looks great with that grey
2 and those grey3 , Ken.
Ken: Thanks. I like your white 4 and blue 5 – classic! Andthey go well with those new green 6 .
Maude: That's a great mix of colour –a purple 7 , agreen 8 and anorange 9 !
Elle: Thank you. Your turquoise 10 is really greatwith those yellow 11 and those black12 are perfect.
Neither do I.
jumper
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House and furniture a Complete the furniture words.
1
2
3
4
5
6 Welcome unit
Food and drinkHelp Gus Luxus to find the food on his shopping list. Match the food words with the pictures. Write 1–4 in the boxes.
6
heese
ananas
hicken
bread
a b c d
b Put the letters in the correct order to make words for rooms.
hamrobot boredom
1 c
2 b
3 c
4
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7Welcome unit
Adverbs Make the adjectives in the box into adverbs. Thencomplete the sentences with the correct adverbs.
fast late hard careful bad angry
7
1 He's running ! 2 She's fixing the lion's teeth .
3 They’re dancing . 4 He’s shouting .
5 She’s working . 6 They arrived .
fast
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8 Unit 1
The weather
Tornadoes, sometimes called‘twisters’, are whirlwinds with
speeds of up to 400 km per hour.In the USA, there are 1,000tornadoes every year. Althoughthey look fascinating and dramaticwhen we are watching them onTV, they can kill. In Britain, therewere very few tornadoes in thepast. However, there are nowmore than 50 tornadoes a year.
Tornadoes are only one sign of theworld’s climate changes. There aremany others. The number ofthunderstorms is increasing andthere are more hurricanes. Thereare more floods in some parts ofthe world, and there’s much lessrain in others. We know that thesethings happen because globaltemperatures are rising and manypeople believe the weather willget worse in the future. Theproblems of climate change won’tgo away unless we do somethingabout the causes.
b Read the text again and listen. Match the two parts of the sentences.
1 The weather is changing around the world a if we don’t do something now.2 Most scientists think b sea levels will go up even more.3 If the ice at the Poles continues to melt, c because temperatures are rising.4 There might be even more problems in future d the climate changes are not natural.
Read and listen a Look at the photos and the title. How is the world’s
climate changing? Read the text to check your ideas.
First conditional; unlessLinkers of contrastArticlesVocabulary: the weather
Scientists still do not know enough aboutthe reasons for these temperature changes.Some say that these types of climatechanges are natural, but most scientiststhink human activity is the problem.Cutting down trees, burning too muchoil, and the increase in the numberof cars and planes are some ofthe things that cause theproblems.
Scientists believe that ifthe temperaturescontinue to rise, the iceat the Poles will melt. Ifthe ice melts, sea levelswill rise. Some islandsmight disappearcompletely, and theremight be floods incoastal cities. All thismeans that unless we do something to stopglobal warming now, theremay be many otherdramatic changes in thefuture.
1
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9Unit 1
Grammar and speakingFirst conditional
2unless in first conditional sentences
e Look at the examples from the text on page 8. Unless we do something to stop global warming now, there may be many other dramatic changes in the future.The problems of climate change won’t go away unless we do something about the causes.
Match the two parts of the sentences.
1 Unless we leave now, a unless my dad gives me some.2 We won’t understand b he’ll fail his exams.3 I won’t have any money c if you don’t tell anyone.4 Unless he studies harder, d we’ll be late.5 Nobody will know our secret e unless our teacher explains.
f What does ‘unless we do something’ mean? If we door if we don’t do something? Rewrite the following sentences using if.
1 You don’t have to do this unless you think it’s necessary.You have to do this if you think it’s necessary.
2 I won’t call you unless there are any problems.3 Unless she says she’s sorry, I’ll never speak to her again.4 Unless you work hard, you won’t pass your exams.
a Complete these two sentences from thetext on page 8. Then complete the rule.
1 If the temperatures continue to rise,.
2 If the ice melts, .
Rule: Condition clause Result clauseIf + simple + /won’t
b Complete the sentences. Use the correctform of the verbs.
1 If I (fail) the exam, I(take) it again.
2 I (not tell) you my secret if you (not come) to Mark’s partywith me.
3 If you (see) Jane, you (give) her my message?
4 If pollution (increase), moreplants and animals (die).
5 If there (be) more cars on theroad in the future, there (be)more pollution.
6 My parents (be) really angry if they (see) my bedroom!
c Complete the questions. Use the correctform of the verbs.
1 What you (do) if theweather (be) nice this weekend?
2 Where you (go) if you(go) out this weekend?
3 What you (buy) if you(go) shopping this weekend?
4 If you (not go) out this evening,what you (do)?
5 If your teacher (not give) you any homework today, what you
(do)? 6 If you (phone) a friend tonight,
what you (talk) about?
d Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions in Exercise 2c. A: What will you do if the weather is nice
this weekend?B: I’m not sure. I might play
football with Emre.
fail ’ll take
will dois
VocabularyThe weather
a Match the weather words with the pictures.Write 1–6 in the boxes.
1 foggy 2 snowy 3 boiling hot4 rainy 5 cloudy 6 windy
3
a
b Match the two parts of the sentences.
1 If they stay on the beach,
2 If she opens herumbrella in the wind,
3 He’ll have an accident,4 We’ll go skiing,
a it’ll fly away.
b if it snows enough.
c if he drives in this fog. d they’ll get sunburnt.
cb
d fe
2
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10 Unit 1
4 GrammarLinkers of contrast: however / although /even though / in spite of / despite
a Circle the correct words.
1 In Britain, there were very few tornadoes in the past.Despite / However , there are now more than 50tornadoes a year.
2 Although / Despite they look fascinating anddramatic when we are watching them on TV, theycan kill.
3 Despite / Although the heavy rain, my raincoat keptme dry.
4 Even though / In spite of the wind, it felt quite warmon the beach.
5 Even though / However, we went on holiday in July,it rained for the whole week.
Rule: To introduce contrast:We use a subject + verb after and .
he has a French mother, he doesn’t speak any French.
We use a noun or verb in the -ing form afterand .having a French mother, he doesn’t speak
any French.his French mother, he doesn’t speak any
French.
We use with a comma at the beginning of a sentence, or at the end.His mother is French. , he doesn’t speak any French.His mother is French. He doesn’t speak any French, .
When using in spite of or despite in the negative, we use not.Despite not being invited, we still went to the party.(Not: Not despite being invited … .)In spite of not having any of her own, she gets onreally well with children.
c Combine the two ideas. Use the linker at the end. There may be more than onepossible answer.
1 I’m going for a run. It’s raining. (despite)
2 I’m going for a run. It’s raining. (eventhough)
3 The bus was late. We arrived on time.(although)
4 The garden isn’t very nice. I like the house.(however)
5 They have lots of money. They aren’thappy. (in spite of)
6 People have skin. Animals have fur.(however)
7 She went to see the film. She didn’t feelwell. (despite)
8 He passed the exam. He didn’t study.(even though)
9 I didn’t like the book. I enjoyed the film.(although)
10 She was cold. She didn’t wear a jacket. (in spite of)
I’m going for a run, despite the rain.
b Look at the sentences in Exercise 4a and completethe rule with although, despite, in spite of, eventhough and however.
Pronunciation/əυ/ though
a Listen and repeat.1 so 2 go 3 don’t 4 slow 5 nobody6 though 7 although 8 won’t
b Underline the syllables with the/əυ/ sound. Then listen, check andrepeat.1 Don’t go so slowly. 2 I won’t watch the game show. 3 Although I know Alex, I don’t know his
brother. 4 Nobody likes him, even though he’s
friendly.
5
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