Joseph Peterson, Caltrans

Office of Roadway Material Testing

Quality is not act. It is a habit.

~Aristotle

Reality is not Reality; Reality is what we perceive Reality to be.

Quality Control

What is Quality Control: QC is a procedure or set of procedures intended to ensure that a manufactured product or performed

service adheres to a defined set of quality criteria or meets the requirements of the client or customer.

Quality Assurance

What is Quality Assurance: QA is defined as a procedure or set of procedures intended to ensure that a product or service under

development (before work is complete, as opposed to afterwards) meets specified requirements.

* Read  the  Specification  * Traffic  Control  Plan  * Weather  Restrictions  *   Allowable  Placement  Temperature  * Ambient-­‐Surface  

* Materials  Requirements  * Placement  Requirements  * Sweeping  Requirements    * Temporary  Delineation  

KEYS  TO  GOOD  INSPECTION  

* Inspector Should Have: * Mix Design * Emulsion Type * Starting Application Rate * Aggregate Gradation * Starting Application Rate *  Additives/Fillers

KEYS  TO  GOOD  INSPECTION  

* Inspector Should Have: * Emulsion

Certificate of Compliance

KEYS  TO  GOOD  INSPECTION  

Seal Coats Will Not * Fix Pot Holes * Bridge Cracks>1/4” * Smooth Out Road * Add Structural Strength

Have Reasonable Expectations

What’s Not Wrong

Which is ready for a chip or slurry?

Step 1 Pre-Application Proper Roadway Preparation

* NO Drainage Problems * Pavement Distress Repaired * Cracks Sealed

Poor Candidate or Prep Work Results in…

Or

* Distributer  Truck  * Spray  Bar  Height  * Nozzles  Free  of  Clogs  * Correct  Pressure    * Double  or  Triple  Overlap  * Spray  Rate  Calibration  * Temperature  

Step 2 Equipment Inspection

Equipment Inspection  

Triple Overlap

GOOD…

Equipment Inspection

Equipment Inspection

BAD…

Why

  Improper Shot Rate

  Bad Overlap   Inadequate Chips   Rutting   Other   Combination of ?

Equipment Inspection

* Chipper  * Gate  Control  Settings  * Scalping  Screen  in  Good  Condition  * Uniformity  Across  Chipper  Head  * Application  Rate  Calibration  

Equipment Inspection

Uniformity!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Why

  Improper Shot Rate

  Bad Emulsion   Inadequate Chips   Rutting   Other   Combination of ?

Equipment Inspection

* Pneumatic  Rollers  * Tire  Pressure  Uniform    * Tires  smooth  

* Broom  * Uniform  Bristles  * Vertical  Adjustment  

* Haul  Trucks  * Free  of  Trash    

* Stockpiles  * Contamination  * Moisture  * Grading  * Cleanness  * Environmental  

Step  3  Materials  Inspection/Testing  

txdot

* Binder  Testing  *  Sample from Distributor Truck *  Sample from Nurse Truck *  Proper handling is key to

accurate test results *  Timely testing

*  On-site emulsion – simple sieve test

Step  3  Materials  Inspection/Testing  

Step 4 Construction Inspection

Roll Chip

Spray

Sweep

Sweep Again

Construction Inspection

NOTE DISTANCE

Chipper always within 100 feet of Distributer

* Start/Stop  Application  on  Building  Paper  * Chipper  Within  100’  of  Distributer    * Chipper  Speed  =NO  rolling  Chips  * Application  Appears  Uniform  * Rollers  Tight  to  Chipper,  Speed    7mph  max  

Construction  Inspection  

* Visual  Chip  Embedment  (50%-­‐70%)  * Random  Verification  of  Spread  Rates  * Emulsion  * Aggregate  * On-­‐Site  sieve  test  

Construction  Inspection  

* Proper  &Timely  Sweeping  * Light  Broom  within  24-­‐36  hours  of  Application  * Intermediate  Brooming  as  Required  * Final  Brooming  Typically  Within  5  days    

Construction  Inspection  

Construction  Inspection

Poor Workmanship Good Workmanship

Construction Inspection

Poor Workmanship

Construction Inspection

Trucks on Emulsion?

Out of Spec Material?

Construction Inspection

Inadequate/Uneven Aggregate Coverage or Precoating Issues

The Finished Product

*  California  Chip  Seal  Association    *  http://www.chipseal.org/  

*  Maintenance  Technical  Advisory  Guide  (MTAG)  *  http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/maint/mtag/ch5_chip_seals.pdf  *  FHWA  Construction  Inspection  Checklist  #02  Chip  Seal  Application  *  http://www.bwa.dot.gov/pavement/preservation/ppcl02.pdf  *  California  Pavement  Preservation  Center  *  http://www.csuchico.edu/cp2c/index.shtml  

Resources