Program Name or Ancillary Text eere.energy.gov

Michael Royer, PhD Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

SSL Market Introduction July 18, 2012

Integrated LED Lamps Testing Results: A Sampling of Products from Major Retailers

www.ssl.energy.gov 2 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Retail LED Lamp Testing

What’s really out there for consumers to purchase?

CALiPER Retail Replacement Lamp Special Reports Anonymous purchases Omnidirectional, directional, and decorative lamps Wide variety of manufacturers and retailers LM-79 photometric testing (sphere only) conducted on three samples of

each lamp

www.ssl.energy.gov 3 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Products purchased July & August 2010 Large disparities between high performing and low performing

products Most of the lamps failed to meet basic performance parameters for use

as replacements for incandescent or halogen lamps

Wide differences among retailers Most carrying (at least some) very low quality products

Differences among manufacturers Some consistent, some very inconsistent in performance across different

products

Summary: Initial Retail Replacement Lamps Study

www.ssl.energy.gov 4 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Retail Replacement Lamps, Take Two!

38 Total Products. 9 Different Retailers. 18 Different Manufacturers.

A19 G25 MR16 PAR20 PAR30

Note: Images do not necessarily represent products tested.

www.ssl.energy.gov 5 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Retail Replacement Lamp Testing

Round 1 (RRL1) Round 2 (RRL2) Purchase Dates: July & August 2010 November 2011

Total Products: 33 38

Product Types: MR16/PAR161 11 MR16/PAR16 (120 V) 9 (nominal) PAR20/R20 4 PAR20/R20 5

PAR30/R30 7 PAR30/R30 8 A19 5 A19 11 B10 (Candelabra) 4 G25 5

C7 (Nightlight) 2

Retailers: Ace Hardware Ace Hardware BJ’s BJ’s Home Depot Home Depot Lowe’s Lowe’s Target Target Walmart Walmart Sam’s Club Amazon Sears Costco

Menard's

1. Products operated at different voltages.

www.ssl.energy.gov 6 | Solid-State Lighting Program

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

$0 $10 $20 $30 $40 $50 $60 $70

Out

put (

lm)

Cost per Lamp

Bang for the Buck? Lumen Output

Retail Replacement Lamps 2 Retail Replacement Lamps 1 Incandescent Benchmarks Halogen Benchmarks CFL Benchmarks

RRL1: $139/klm1

RRL2: $62/klm (mean)

1. Includes only products of the same types tested in RRL2.

www.ssl.energy.gov 7 | Solid-State Lighting Program

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

$0 $10 $20 $30 $40 $50 $60 $70

Lum

inou

s Ef

ficac

y (lm

/W)

Cost per Lamp

Bang for the Buck? Luminous Efficacy

RRL1: $0.69/lm/W1

RRL2: $0.48/lm/W (mean)

1. Includes only products of the same types tested in RRL2.

Retail Replacement Lamps 2 Retail Replacement Lamps 1 Incandescent Benchmarks Halogen Benchmarks CFL Benchmarks

www.ssl.energy.gov 8 | Solid-State Lighting Program

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

100

$0 $10 $20 $30 $40 $50 $60 $70 $80

Col

or R

ende

ring

Inde

x

Cost per Lamp

Bang for the Buck? Color Rendition

Retail Replacement Lamps 2 Retail Replacement Lamps 1 Incandescent Benchmarks Halogen Benchmarks CFL Benchmarks

www.ssl.energy.gov 9 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Bang for the Buck? Price Breakdown

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Cou

nt

Purchase Price

Study 1 (2010) Study 2 (2011)

www.ssl.energy.gov 10 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Benchmarks for Performance

CALiPER Rounds 2–13 (2007–2011) RRL1 (2010) Anonymous purchases, LM-79 testing

LED Lighting Facts Data downloaded January 16, 2012 Manufacturer-supplied LM-79 data Recommended performance levels

ENERGY STAR® Integral LED Lamps Version 1.4 Some requirements vary by lamp type

Omnidirectional, Directional, Decorative, etc.

www.ssl.energy.gov 11 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Performance vs. Benchmarks: A Lamps

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Lum

inou

s Ef

ficac

y (lm

/W)

Output (lm)

ENERGY STAR, > 10 W ENERGY STAR, < 10 W

60 W

40 W

Retail Replacement Lamps 2 Retail Replacement Lamps 1 Previous CALiPER Tests (‘07-’11) LED Lighting Facts Incandescent Benchmarks Halogen Benchmarks CFL Benchmarks

www.ssl.energy.gov 12 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Performance vs. Benchmarks: MR16 Lamps

[120 V]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

Lum

inou

s Ef

ficac

y (lm

/W)

Output (lm)

ENERGY STAR Minimum (40 lm/W)

Retail Replacement Lamps 2 Retail Replacement Lamps 1 LED Lighting Facts Incandescent Benchmarks Halogen Benchmarks

www.ssl.energy.gov 13 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Performance vs. Benchmarks: PAR20 Lamps

ENERGY STAR Minimum (40 lm/W)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 200 400 600 800 1000

Lum

inou

s Ef

ficac

y (lm

/W)

Output (lm)

Retail Replacement Lamps 2 Retail Replacement Lamps 1 Previous CALiPER Tests (‘07-’11) LED Lighting Facts Incandescent Benchmarks Halogen Benchmarks CFL Benchmarks

www.ssl.energy.gov 14 | Solid-State Lighting Program

ENERGY STAR Minimum (45 lm/W)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Lum

inou

s Ef

ficac

y (lm

/W)

Output (lm)

Performance vs. Benchmarks: PAR30 Lamps

Retail Replacement Lamps 2 Retail Replacement Lamps 1 Previous CALiPER Tests (‘07-’11) LED Lighting Facts Incandescent Benchmarks CFL Benchmarks

www.ssl.energy.gov 15 | Solid-State Lighting Program

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 200 400 600 800 1000

Lum

inou

s Ef

ficac

y (lm

/W)

Output (lm)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 200 400 600 800 1000

Lum

inou

s Ef

ficac

y (lm

/W)

Output (lm)

Retail Replacement Lamps 2 Retail Replacement Lamps 1 Incandescent Benchmarks Halogen Benchmarks CFL Benchmarks

Performance vs. Benchmarks: All

Retail Replacement Lamps 2 Previous CALiPER Tests LED Lighting Facts Data Incandescent Benchmarks Halogen Benchmarks CFL Benchmarks

www.ssl.energy.gov 16 | Solid-State Lighting Program

ENERGY STAR Minimum

Performance vs. Benchmarks: Color Quality

ENERGY STAR Range

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

100

2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

Col

or R

ende

ring

Inde

x

Correlated Color Temperature (K)

Retail Replacement Lamps 2 Retail Replacement Lamps 1 Previous CALiPER Tests (‘07-’11) LED Lighting Facts Incandescent Benchmarks Halogen Benchmarks CFL Benchmarks

www.ssl.energy.gov 17 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Performance vs. Benchmarks: Color Quality

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

50 60 70 80 90 100

Spec

ial C

olor

Ren

derin

g In

dex,

R9

Color Rendering Index, Ra

Retail Replacement Lamps 2 LED Lighting Facts Incandescent Benchmarks Halogen Benchmarks CFL Benchmarks

ENERGY STAR Minimum (0)

ENERGY STAR Minimum (80)

www.ssl.energy.gov 18 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Performance vs. Benchmarks: Electrical

Exempt (< 5 W)

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1.00

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0

Pow

er F

acto

r

Input Power (W)

Retail Replacement Lamps 2 Retail Replacement Lamps 1 Halogen Benchmarks CFL Benchmarks

ENERGY STAR SSL Minimum (0.70)

ENERGY STAR CFL Minimum (0.50)

www.ssl.energy.gov 19 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Product Labeling: Substantial Improvements

1. Products listed for a retailer include any sold at the store that were tested as part of RRL2, regardless of purchase location.

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

100%

A B C D E F G H I J K 0%

10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

100%

A B C D E F G H I J K

QTY RRL1: QTY RRL2:1

9 6

7

5 4

4 2

2 4

5 9

3 8

3 2 12

3

9 6

7

5 4

4 2

2 4

5 9

3 8

3 2 12

3

RRL1: 6% RRL2: 15% RRL1: 29% RRL2: 61%

Retailer Retailer

www.ssl.energy.gov 20 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Retailers: Is Listed Performance Accurate? R

etai

ler

Lumen Output Expectations Efficacy Expectations

A

B

C

D

E

F

I

J

K

Note: Products listed for a retailer include any sold at the store that were tested as part of RRL2, regardless of purchase location.

Ret

aile

rs a

lso

test

ed in

RR

L1

Meets Below Above Criteria: ±10%

www.ssl.energy.gov 21 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Manufacturers: Is Listed Performance Accurate?

Lumen Output Expectations Efficacy Expectations

Man

ufac

ture

r

1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Man

ufac

ture

rs

also

test

ed in

R

RL1

Meets Below Above Criteria: ±10%

www.ssl.energy.gov 22 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Product Type: Is Listed Performance Accurate?

Lumen Output Expectations Efficacy Expectations

Pro

duct

Typ

e

A19

G25

MR/PAR16

R/PAR20

R/PAR30

Meets Below Above Criteria: ±10%

www.ssl.energy.gov 23 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Not All LEDs Are Created Equal

Range of efficacies continues to be wide, and getting wider Range partly due to numerous product types, with different requirements Maximum efficacy continues to rise year by year Smaller range for replacement lamps, but similar average

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

2006

Mea

n E

ffica

cy (l

m/W

)

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 RRL2

53 lm/W

72 lm/W

36 lm/W

MAX

MEAN

MIN

CALiPER Test Results

www.ssl.energy.gov 24 | Solid-State Lighting Program

Overall performance generally much improved Higher lumen output and efficacy

Products reach higher lumen output milestones Better color rendering

Substantial increase in performance per dollar Cost still higher than incandescent or CFL

Increased prevalence of product labels

Some products still outside ANSI tolerances

Better at meeting manufacturer data

Equivalency claims not always met, although problems less frequent

There are still some products that would not make good replacements for conventional lamps—careful evaluation is important!

Summary: Since 2010…

www.ssl.energy.gov 25 | Solid-State Lighting Program

CALiPER LED Lamp Testing

BR30/R30 AR111 PAR38

07/2012 08/2012 09/2012

www.ssl.energy.gov 26 | Solid-State Lighting Program

LED BR30/R30 Results (Available Now)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

100 110 120

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Lum

inou

s Ef

ficac

y (lm

/W)

Output (lm)

ENERGY STAR Minimum

Series 16 LED BR30/R30 Lamps (2012) Previously Tested LED BR30/R30 Lamps (2007–2011) LED Lighting Facts Data (May 2012) ENERGY STAR Data for Qualified LED Products (May 2012)

Incandescent Benchmarks CFL Benchmarks

Inca

ndes

cent

&

Hal

ogen

Ran

ge C

FL R

ange

ENERGY STAR Minimum Output for Incandescent Equivalence

45 W 65 W 75 W

www.ssl.energy.gov 27 | Solid-State Lighting Program

More Information

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/ssl/caliper.html CALIPER Webpage:

http://www.ssl.energy.gov/ DOE SSL