Calentamiento• Answer questions in 14-24 regarding your opinions

about fashion (14-24, 471)• Answer the following:

– When and why do you use the imperfect tense?– What’s the difference between the imperfect and the

preterit?– Why do you use the past participle?– Why might you use the imperfect and past participle

together?– How would you use them together?

• What is the difference between:– I didn’t eat.– I haven’t eaten.– I hadn’t eaten.

• How do you conjugate “HABER” in the imperfect tense?

Calentamiento• Warm-up: Complete the

paragraph with the correct forms of the verb HACER and other listed verbs (14-8; p 483)– You may just write answer (don’t get

used to it!)– http://myphliputil.pearsoncmg.com/

media/ebzayas5/chapter14/js_exercises/exercise14_8.html

devolver hacer llegar querer

14-8 En la Ópera. Completa el párrafo con el presente del verbo hacer y el presente o el pretérito de los verbos de la lista.Son las ocho y media de la noche y (1) _____ más de una hora que nosotros (2) ______ cola para ver si hay boletos para la función. (3. nosotros) _____ al teatro (4) ______ dos horas, pero tuvimos que esperar en la calle hasta que se abrió el teatro. (5) _____ más de dos meses que (6. yo) _____ asistir a esta función. Pero es difícil conseguir boletos para una ópera en la que canta Plácido Domingo. El tenor (7) ______ al teatro en su limosina (8) ______ media hora. ¡Qué suerte! Acaban de decirnos que una señora (9) _____ sus boletos (10) _____ unos minutos

Theme: The Pluperfect indicative

• Objective & Big Picture: In order to tell what you "had been doing" before something else occured, you need to know how to use the Pluperfect Indicative.

• TSWBAT: Tell what they'd been doing in the past when something else occured.

• Language Objective: Identify pluperfect indicative phrases in a written interview, make a list of them and translate the expressions to English.

The Pluperfect Indicative(El pluscuamperfecto del indicativo)

El año pasado, nadie había oído de los

Romero. ¡Ahora es casi imposible conseguir

entradas!

había

habíashabía

habíamoshabíaishabían

+Past participle—masculine singular form only

The Formation of the PluperfectLike the present perfect tense, the pluperfect is a compound tense. It is formed with the imperfect tense of haber + past participle.

Notice the following chart:Imperfect tense of haber

Past participle

yotú

él, ella, Ud.nosotros/asvosotros/as

ellos, ellas, Uds.

habíahabíashabíahabíamoshabíaishabían

tomadocomidovivido

The Formation of the Pluperfect

Past participle

takeneatenlived

Past tense of to have

I hadyou hadhe, she, you hadwe hadyou (pl. fam.) hadthey, you (pl.) had

pluscuamperfecto

A breakdown of the terminologyThe word pluscuamperfecto itself is a compound word. If we divide it into its three components . . .

plus cuamperfecto

A breakdown of the terminologyThe word pluscuamperfecto itself is a compound word. If we divide it into its three components . . .

more than past

plus cuam perfecto

A breakdown of the terminologyThe word pluscuamperfecto itself is a compound word. If we divide it into its three components . . .

. . . we find that the term defines how this verb tense describes an action or event—back past another past action or event, or “more than past.”

the presentthe preterit

the present perfect

the pluperfect(now)(past)(previous to past)

(from the past up ‘til now)

Ahora yo soy un muy buen estudiante.

Yo saqué una C en el examen de mitad de semestre.

Yo he estudiado mucho más desde el examen de mitad de semestre.

Yo no había estudiado lo suficiente.

toward the past toward the future

The pluperfect is always related to another past tense.

A time line showing verb tense relationships

The pluperfect is never used in total isolation. It must always be accompanied by another explicit or implied past event or action.

Again, the pluperfect is used to refer to an action or event that had occurred before another past action or event. Compare the following sentences with the time line.

El director había dirigido otras dos orquestas antes de venir a Boston.The director had conducted two other orchestras before coming to Boston.

Cuando entramos, la diva ya había cantado el aria.When we entered, the diva had already sung the aria.

Past FuturePresent

dirigircantar

venirentrar

estar decir

Nos dijo que el compositor había estado enfermo.He told us that the composer had been sick.

past“more than past”

past “more than past”

past “more than past”

past“more than past”

Remember that in compound tenses nothing may be inserted between the auxiliary haber and the past participle; haber must agree in number with the subject, and the past participle has only one form.

El público lo había visto antes.The public had seen him before.

Los músicos habían tocado maravillosamente.The musicians had played marvelously.

Calentamiento• Correct and complete the front of

yesterday’s worksheet & have it checked

• Do the odds on the back & have it checked

• Complete 14-25 (1 & 2)

¡A practicar!• Practice:

– Identify pluperfect indicative phrases in a written interview, make a list of them and translate the expressions to English.

– complete hacer/pluperfect indicative worksheet by Friday (odds)

– Complete 14-25 by identifying what Ines had already done at the time of the interview & filling in the chart in step 2 with what she had and hadn't done

– Personalize: Write 2 sentences telling about things you had/hadn't done before you turned 16 using the pluperfect indicative.

FIN