CALCIUM AND THE KIDNEY

VISITH DANTANARAYANA

GROUP 201

CALCIUM

• GREY ALKALINE EARTH METAL

• 5TH MOST ABUNDANT METAL ON THE EARTH’S CRUST.

CALCIUM

FOOD

CALCIUM IN THE BODY

THE MOST ABUNDANT MINERAL

IN THE BODY.ABOUT 99% OF IT IS IN BONE AND TEETH.

THE REMAINING 1% IS IN THE BLOOD AND

SOFT TISSUES.

NECESSARY DIETARY INTAKE OF CALCIUM

AMOUNTS OF CALCIUM IN THE URINE

NORMAL ADULT: 100 – 250mg

OVER A PERIOD OF 24hrs.

ON A LOW Ca DIET: 50 –

150mg/24hrs.

Ca FREE DIET: 5 – 40mg/24hrs.

HYPERCALCIURIA

LARGE QUANTITIES OF Ca ISEXCRETED VIA URINE.

MIGHT RESULT IN

NEPHROCALCINOSIS

CAUSES

GENETIC (IDIOPATHIC)

VITAMIN D OR CALCIUM EXCESS

HYPERPARATHYROIDISM

NEPHROCALCINOSIS

KNOWN AFTER Dr. FULLER ALBRIGHT,THE ENDOCRINOLOGIST

WHAT IS IT?

DEPOSITIION OF CALCIUM SALTS IN THE

RENAL PARENCHYMA WHICH IS THE NEPHRON.

COULD CAUSE SEVERERENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS

STAGES

CHEMICAL NEPHROCALCINOSIS

MICROSCOPIC NEPHROCALCINOSIS

MACROSCOPIC NEPHROCALCINOSIS

SONOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF NEPHROCALCINOSIS

KIDNEY STONES(NEPHROLITHIASIS)

MECHANISM

DUE TO RENAL FAILURE, BLOOD

PHOSPHATE LEVELS RISE.

THESE PHOSPHATES BIND WITH BLOOD Ca

THUS, PRECIPITATING.

COMPLICATIONS

HOW?

BLOOD CALCIUM PRECIPITATES WITH

ANIONS FORMING STONES.

THE PARATHYROID GLAND SEES THIS

AS LOW BLOOD CALCIUM AND VOILA

PTH IS SECRETED.

IT INITIATES BONE LYSIS.

HARDNESS OF WATER

THANK YOU