OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS. CHEMICAL HAZARD PHYSICAL HAZARD BIOLOGICAL HAZARD ERGONOMIC HAZARD.
C1a hazard Week 1.pdf
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Transcript of C1a hazard Week 1.pdf
INDUSTRIAL SAFETY &
HEALTH
CKB 30103
1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of this topic, you will be able to;
1. Understand the definition of hazard.
2. Understand the definition of accident.
3. Understand the definition of risk.
4. Identify the hazard and its type (specific & class)
2
SKIKDA, ALGERIA
19 January 2004 at 6.40 pm
Explosion at LNG plant ( 6 trains)
Damage almost the whole plant facilities
Affect to human being
27 death
72 injured
7 missing
Effect to the surrounding/neighbouring area:-
Damaged of Power station
Refinery – on fire and need to be close.3
Process Plant Disaster
SKIKDA, ALGERIA
4
SKIKDA, ALGERIA
5
PORT KEMBLA, NSW,
AUSTRALIA
28 January 2004
Ethanol storage tank on fire
(7 millions litre)
One worker injured
6
GHISLENGHEN, BELGIUM
30 July 2004. 9.00 am
Gas pipeline exploded.
Effect to human being
18 death
120 injured
7
BHOPAL, INDIA 03 December 1984
Union Carbide Plant
Southern part of India at Madhya Pradesh
Plant manufactured pesticide, in operation
since 1969
Methyl Isocyanate(MIC) immediate product
Leakage at MIC storage tank
25 tonnes metyl isocyanate were released.
Effect to human being
2000 death
20,000 injured
Effect to environment / surrounding
No damage to plant facilities.8
HISTORY PROCESS PLANT DISASTER
Flixboro, UK
June 1974
Nypro Limited
Cyclohexane as raw material
Plant capacity 70,000 ton/year cyprolactam
6 reactors
Leakage at reactor 5 caused release of 30 tonnes of hazardous materials.
9
FLIXBORO, UK
Effect to human being
28 death
36 injured
Damage 1821 houses and 167 shop
lots
55 public were injured.
10
LATEST INDUSTRIAL DISASTER
Chemical Plant : Explosion
at West Fertilizer Company
in West Texas
Losses: At least 14 people
were killed, more than 160
were injured and more than
150 buildings were damaged
or destroyed.
Date: 17.4.2013
Food Industry: Dust
Explosion at Imperial Sugar
in Port Wentworth Georgia,
United States.
Losses: Thirteen people were
killed and 42 injured
Date: 7.2.2008
11
CHEMICAL TANKER EXPLODES OFF
MALAYSIA
12
The Bunga Alpina ablaze in Labuan,
Malaysia
13
Hazard :
“Any sources, situations or acts with a potential for harm in terms of human injury or ill health, damage to property, damage to the workplace, environment, or combination of these”
14
Accident :
Unplanned event or sequence of events that has undesirable consequences that could lead to health effects, economical losses and public relation losses.
15
Risk :
“Combination of the probability or
likelihood and severity or
consequence(s) of a specified
hazardous event occurring .”
Types of Hazards :
Physical Hazard
Chemical Hazard
Biological Hazard [biohazard]
16
Types of Hazards :
Electrical Hazard.
Environmental Hazard.
Psycho-social Hazard – stress, sexual harassment etc.
Radiation
Ergonomic – awkward posture, standing at work, manual handling etc. 17
Physical Hazards
Slippery surfaces (floor)- cause slip,
trip and fall
Moving equipment / Mechanical
hazards
Falling objects
Protruding / sharp object18
FAILURE TO IDENTIFY HAZARDS
19
WORKING AT HEIGHTS
Worker could fall and sustain injury.
HOISTING EQUIPMENT
Load could shift or fall.
FRAYED CONNECTIONS
Corrosion.
Chemical Hazards
Corrosive
Flammable
Reactive
Toxic
24
Biological Hazards
Bacteria
Fungi
Poisonous animal
Virus
25
ERGONOMIC HAZARDS
Ergonomic hazards refer to workplace conditions that pose
the risk of injury to the musculoskeletal system of the worker.
Examples of musculoskeletal injuries include tennis elbow (an
inflammation of a tendon in the elbow) and carpal tunnel syndrome (a condition affecting the hand and wrist).
Ergonomic hazards include repetitive and forceful
movements, vibration, temperature extremes, glare (light
illumination) and awkward postures that arise from improper
work methods and improperly designed workstations, tools,
and equipment.
26
AWKWARD POSTURE
Good sitting posture
Bad sitting posture
27
FAILURE TO IDENTIFY/MANAGE HAZARDS
28