C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title:...
Transcript of C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title:...
![Page 1: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compounds
Friday 4th May 2012
Year 9
Garendon High School
![Page 2: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds
• Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table and elements and compounds.
• I must be able to describe the structure of an atom
• I should be able relate the numbers on the periodic table to atom structure
• I could define the terms ‘element’ and ‘compound’
![Page 3: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
How do you think we get such a variety of substances?
![Page 4: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
29/04/2012
Atoms Atoms are the “building blocks” of all matter and are the simplest form of molecule. They are all made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. They look something like this:
The nucleus – this contains neutrons and protons
electrons – these orbit around the nucleus
![Page 5: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
29/04/2012
The structure of the atom
ELECTRON – negative, mass nearly nothing
PROTON – positive, same
mass as neutron (“1”)
NEUTRON – neutral, same mass as proton (“1”)
The Ancient Greeks used to believe that everything was made up of very small particles. I
did some experiments in 1808 that proved this and called these particles ATOMS:
Dalton
![Page 6: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
29/04/2012
Mass and atomic number
MASS NUMBER = number of protons + number of neutrons
SYMBOL
PROTON NUMBER = number of protons
![Page 7: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
29/04/2012
Mass and atomic number How many protons, neutrons and electrons?
![Page 8: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
29/04/2012
Electron structure Consider an atom of Potassium:
Potassium has 19 electrons. These are arranged in shells…
Nucleus
The inner shell has __ electrons
The next shell has __ electrons
The next shell has __ electrons
The next shell has the remaining __ electron
Electron structure
= 2,8,8,1
![Page 9: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
29/04/2012
Mendeleev
Periodic table
The periodic table arranges all the elements in groups according to their properties.
Horizontal rows are called PERIODS
Vertical columns are called GROUPS
![Page 10: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
29/04/2012
He
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
K Ca Fe Ni Cu Zn Br Kr
Ag I Xe
Pt Au Hg
Fact 1: Elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in the outer shell (this
correspond to their group number)
E.g. all group 1 metals have __ electron in their outer shell
These elements have __ electrons in their outer shells
![Page 11: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
29/04/2012
He
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
K Ca Fe Ni Cu Zn Br Kr
Ag I Xe
Pt Au Hg
Fact 2: Most of the elements are metals:
These elements are metals
This line divides metals from non-metals
These elements are non-metals
![Page 12: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
29/04/2012
H He
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
K Ca Fe Ni Cu Zn Br Kr
Ag I Xe
Pt Au Hg
Fact 3: (Most important) All of the elements in the same group have similar PROPERTIES.
E.g. consider the group 1 metals. They all:
1) Are soft
2) Can be easily cut with a knife
3) React with water
![Page 13: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
29/04/2012
Elements If a solid, liquid or gas is made up of only one type of atom we say it is an element. For example, consider a tripod made up of iron:
These atoms are ALL iron – there’s nothing
else in here
![Page 14: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
29/04/2012
Compounds
Compounds are different to elements. They contain different atoms. Here is one example:
Methane
![Page 15: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
29/04/2012
1
Sodium chloride (salt)
![Page 16: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
29/04/2012
2
Mg Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg Mg
Mg Mg Mg Mg
Magnesuim, Mg
![Page 17: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
29/04/2012
3
Glucose
![Page 18: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
29/04/2012
4
Water, H2O
![Page 19: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
29/04/2012
5
Hydrogen
![Page 20: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
29/04/2012
6
Oxygen, O2
O O
O O
O O
O O O
O
O O
![Page 21: C1 1.1 Atoms, Elements and Compoundsbioteacher.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/1/9/9919780/wk_5...Title: Atoms, Elements and Compounds •Objectives: describe atom structure, the periodic table](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052004/6017daa62d836235bd3da6c7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Plenary
• Think , pair, share
• Write down 5 facts you’ve learnt individually
• Then discuss with your pair and add any facts you don’t have
• Discuss your facts with another pair and do the same