C06 Henslin9e
Transcript of C06 Henslin9e
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A Down-to-Earth Approach 9/eA Down-to-Earth Approach 9/e
Chapter 6:Chapter 6:
Societies to Social NetworksSocieties to Social Networks
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 2
““People who interact with one another and People who interact with one another and
think of themselves as belonging together.”think of themselves as belonging together.”
What is a Group?What is a Group?
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 3
Domestication RevolutionDomestication Revolution
Hunting and GatheringHunting and Gathering
Pastoral and HorticulturalPastoral and Horticultural
AgriculturalAgricultural
Societies and Their Transformation
Societies and Their Transformation
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 4
Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution
Postindustrial (Information)Postindustrial (Information)
Biotech - New Type?Biotech - New Type?
Societies and Their Transformation
Societies and Their Transformation
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 5
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 6
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 7
Not to be Confused with Groups...Not to be Confused with Groups...
AggregateAggregate
CategoryCategory
Groups Within SocietyGroups Within Society
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 8
Primary GroupsPrimary Groups Face-to-FaceFace-to-Face
The FamilyThe Family
FriendsFriends
Producing a Mirror WithinProducing a Mirror Within
Groups Within SocietyGroups Within Society
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Secondary GroupsSecondary Groups
Larger, More AnonymousLarger, More Anonymous
Members Interact Based on StatusesMembers Interact Based on Statuses
Fail to Satisfy Need for Intimate Fail to Satisfy Need for Intimate
AssociationAssociation
Groups Within SocietyGroups Within Society
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In-Groups and Out-GroupsIn-Groups and Out-Groups
Loyalty to In-GroupsLoyalty to In-Groups
Antagonism Towards Out-GroupsAntagonism Towards Out-Groups
Groups Within SocietyGroups Within Society
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In-Groups and Out-Groups Produce…In-Groups and Out-Groups Produce… LoyaltyLoyalty
Sense of SuperioritySense of Superiority
RivalriesRivalries
Implications for Socially Diverse SocietyImplications for Socially Diverse Society
Groups Within SocietyGroups Within Society
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Reference GroupsReference Groups
Evaluating OurselvesEvaluating Ourselves
Expose Us to Contradictory Expose Us to Contradictory
StandardsStandards
Groups Within SocietyGroups Within Society
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 13
Social NetworksSocial Networks
The Small World PhenomenonThe Small World Phenomenon
Is the Small World Phenomenon a Myth?Is the Small World Phenomenon a Myth?
Groups Within SocietyGroups Within Society
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 14
Implications for Socially Implications for Socially
Diverse SocietyDiverse Society
Implications for ScienceImplications for Science
Groups Within SocietyGroups Within Society
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Electronic CommunitiesElectronic Communities People Connect OnlinePeople Connect Online
NewsgroupsNewsgroups
Online Chat RoomsOnline Chat Rooms
Some Meet Definition of GroupSome Meet Definition of Group
Groups Within SocietyGroups Within Society
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 16
Group Size Affects Stability and Group Size Affects Stability and IntimacyIntimacy DyadDyad TriadTriad CoalitionsCoalitions
As Size Increases, So Does StabilityAs Size Increases, So Does Stability As Size Increases, Intensity and As Size Increases, Intensity and
Intimacy DecreaseIntimacy Decrease
Group DynamicsGroup Dynamics
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 17
Effects of Group Size on Attitudes Effects of Group Size on Attitudes
and Behaviorand Behavior
The Larger the Group…The Larger the Group… Greater Diffusion of ResponsibilityGreater Diffusion of Responsibility
Increase in FormalityIncrease in Formality
Division into Smaller GroupsDivision into Smaller Groups
Group DynamicsGroup Dynamics
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Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 19
Who Becomes a Leader?Who Becomes a Leader?
Types of LeadersTypes of Leaders InstrumentalInstrumental
ExpressiveExpressive
LeadershipLeadership
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Leadership StylesLeadership Styles AuthoritarianAuthoritarian
DemocraticDemocratic
Laissez-FaireLaissez-Faire
Leadership Styles in Leadership Styles in
Changing SituationsChanging Situations
LeadershipLeadership
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 21
Power of Peer Pressure—Asch Power of Peer Pressure—Asch
ExperimentExperiment Study on ConformityStudy on Conformity
Group DynamicsGroup Dynamics
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 22
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 23
Group DynamicsGroup Dynamics
Power of Peer Pressure—Asch Power of Peer Pressure—Asch
ExperimentExperiment Study on ConformityStudy on Conformity
Power of Authority—Milgram Power of Authority—Milgram
ExperimentExperiment Administering ShocksAdministering Shocks
Chapter 6: Societies to Social NetworksCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 24
Irving Janis Coined the TermIrving Janis Coined the Term
Examples of GroupthinkExamples of Groupthink
Preventing GroupthinkPreventing Groupthink
Groupthink - Global Consequences
Groupthink - Global Consequences
A Down-to-Earth Approach 9/eA Down-to-Earth Approach 9/e
Chapter 6:Chapter 6:
Societies to Social NetworksSocieties to Social Networks