',C, MARS PATHFINDER BATTERY PERFORMANCE · 2020. 6. 18. · for the Mars Pathfinder mission. •...
Transcript of ',C, MARS PATHFINDER BATTERY PERFORMANCE · 2020. 6. 18. · for the Mars Pathfinder mission. •...
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MARS PATHFINDER BATTERYPERFORMANCE
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B. OTZINGER, D. PERRONE, S. DAWSON, T. VALDEZ
S. SURAMPUDI , R. EWELL, M. SHIRBACHEH,
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NASA BATTERY WORKSHOP
HUNTSVILLE, ALABAMA
NOVEMBER 18-20, 1997
ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES GROUP
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https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19990017678 2020-06-18T00:45:23+00:00Z
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OUTLINE
° MISSION REQUIREMENTS
° BATTERY DESIGN FEATURES
" BATTERY OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
• BATTERY PERFORMANCE- PRELAUNCH
- CRUISE
- EDL
- MARS OPERATIONS
° SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
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MISSION REQUIREMENTS
• PRE LAUNCH 4 MONTH ACTIVE INVERTED STORAGE
• LAUNCH INVERTED BATTERY LAUNCH
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• CRUISE
• EDL
7 MONTH ACTIVE STORAGE
40 AH, 1080 WH
• MARS OPR. CYCLES 30 CYCLES(1CYCLE/DAY, 8HOUR CHARGE 16 HOURDISCHARGE) 50% DOD
• WEIGHT 15 KG
• DIMENSIONS 9.8" x 7.4" x 7.4"
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• VOLTAGE 27 V
• CAPACITY 40 Ah
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• RATE CAPABILITY 1-5 A
PULSE CAPABILITY 40 A FOR 40 MSEC
• CYCLE LIFE 40
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• WET LIFE 14 MONTHS
• WEIGHT 15 KG
• DIMENSIONS 9.8" x 7.4" x 7.4"
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KEY CELL DESIGN FEATURES
• Robust separator system - 5 layers of cellophane and 2 layers of polymer membrane.To achmevelong calendar and cycle hfe
_ • Triple redundant case-to-cover seal including basic ultrasonic seal.To prevent electrolyte leakageTo improve safety
• Large cell plate area - approximately 200 square inches.Low temperature operatmon"
For enhanced pyro-firing
• Unique leak-free cell vent valves.
For inverted battery operation
allow gas venting under off-limit operation
• Minimal free electrolyte
For inverted battery operation
ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNOL OGLES GR 0 UP
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KEY BATTERY DESIGNFEATURES
& PROCESS
• Titanium fabricated battery case with sealable cover and gasket.Light weight constructiongas and electrolyte containment
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• Battery vent valve and pressurization port.
Redundant valve to protect cells from electrolyte loss
• Battery heater and two temperature sensors.
Thermal management for charge control
• Over-pot of cells,, surface conformal coating, connector back side pottingelectrolyte absorptmn system.
Prevent ionic conductive pathsImprove safety
and
•Cell Matching and selectionExtend cycle life
ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES GROUP
JPL
"I KEY BATTERY OPERATING STRATEGIES
• Battery was mounted inverted and maintained at 12 C during pre-launch andlaunch Phases
•Battery was partially dischar ed to o,, . _ g _ 80 YoSOC and on open circuit stand, at -5 tou aegrees C, during 7 Month cruise period.
• Battery was charged at end of cruise through 1.2 Ohm resistor to 0.2 A cut-offand 1.95 V I cell Ave.
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• Battery was heated to 15 to 20 degrees C prior to all charges.
• Battery was charged during Mars operations without resistor to a selectiveshunt limiter controlled maximum volta,-,- o: .... ,- ....
......... . . _. o,x vu_tage settings were availablew=tn 1.95 v / cell Ave.., the nom,nal full charge selection.
• Battery was taper charged !o a constant shunt limiter voltage, 1.95 V /Ave.. well below the 2 V. I,m,t e'----' .... .,. ..... cellfull charge result. ,,,_,,uy=u i, constant current charging with same
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BATTERY CAPACITY VS CHARGE VOLTAGE
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MARS PATHFINDER - 16 8ST Ag-Zn CELLS WITH 2+5 SEPARATOR SYSTEM
CONSTANT VOLTAGE CHARGE CHARACTERISTIC FOR NEW CELLS WITH 4.5 AMPERE INRUSH AT
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VOLTAGE
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, MARS Pathfinder Power System Configuration Relays
GSE/Cruise Solar Array
Deadface
Main B_Relay
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Bus Return
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Isolation
Relay
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SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
• The first use of a silver-zinc battery in a spacecraft application thatcalled for extensive rechargeable operation after 12 months of activestand hasproven to be very successful.
BST has developed a silver-zinc battery with unique design featuresfor the Mars Pathfinder mission.
• JPL has developed battery management strategies to meet the MarsPathfinder mission requirements.
- Partial SOC at low temperature and open circuit stand was found to bethe most effective method for insuring extensive cycle life following along period of active storage
- Silver-zinc battery charging at a reduced constant voltage was shownto provide full charge and a capability of supporting a large number ofcycles.
- Launch of an inverted silver-zinc battery was shown to be possiblewhen a leak free cell vent valve is employed.
- The use of a silver-zinc battery and shunt limiter in a direct energytransfer power system resulted in a very energy efficient designapproach.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The work described here was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology, under contract with the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES GROUP