Byzantine EmpireByzantine Empire““The New Rome”The New Rome”

Constantinople became the center for Constantinople became the center for trade and cultural diffusiontrade and cultural diffusion Strategically located where Europe Strategically located where Europe

meets Asiameets Asia

““New Rome”New Rome”

Emperors were RomanEmperors were Roman They originally spoke Latin (later adopted They originally spoke Latin (later adopted

the Greek language)the Greek language) Wealthy families came from RomeWealthy families came from Rome Greek traditions were adoptedGreek traditions were adopted Developed Orthodox ReligionDeveloped Orthodox Religion Between 500-1200 CE, one of the most Between 500-1200 CE, one of the most

advanced civilizations in the worldadvanced civilizations in the world

JustinianJustinian Became emperor Became emperor Made a law code “Justinian Made a law code “Justinian

Code”Code” Became the foundation of Became the foundation of

law in most Western law in most Western European countriesEuropean countries

Compilation of early Roman Compilation of early Roman laws and legal principalslaws and legal principals

He conquered Italy, Northern Africa, and He conquered Italy, Northern Africa, and SpainSpain

This proved costly for the empireThis proved costly for the empire Exhausted funds and resourcesExhausted funds and resources Empire was lost within a generationEmpire was lost within a generation

TheodoraTheodora

Justinian’s wifeJustinian’s wife Focused on improving Focused on improving

social status of womensocial status of women Was considered a Was considered a

pioneer of feminismpioneer of feminism

Hagia SophiaHagia Sophia

Church rebuilt by JustinianChurch rebuilt by Justinian Used arches and pillars to make a dome Used arches and pillars to make a dome

ceilingceiling Filled with mosaicsFilled with mosaics

Hagia SophiaHagia Sophia

Use of the arch

Art- mosaicsArt- mosaics

Theodora and her court

HippodromeHippodrome

Offered chariot races and circus actsOffered chariot races and circus acts

Muslim ConquestMuslim Conquest

In 1453, the Ottoman In 1453, the Ottoman Turks conquered Turks conquered Constantinople.Constantinople.

Renamed the city, Renamed the city, Istanbul.Istanbul.

Hagia Sophia was Hagia Sophia was changed from a changed from a Christian church to a Christian church to a Muslim mosque.Muslim mosque.

The Church DividesThe Church Divides

Emperor Leo III (Byz) banned the use of Emperor Leo III (Byz) banned the use of icons icons

Iconoclasts (icon breakers) broke into Iconoclasts (icon breakers) broke into churches to destroy imageschurches to destroy images

Tension between churches grew Tension between churches grew In 1054, the pope and patriarch (bishop of In 1054, the pope and patriarch (bishop of

the East) excommunicated each otherthe East) excommunicated each other

Schism- permanent split of the Christian Schism- permanent split of the Christian ChurchChurch Roman Catholic in the WestRoman Catholic in the West Eastern Orthodox in the EastEastern Orthodox in the East

Blue- Roman Catholic

Red- Eastern Orthodox

Purple- Protestant (1500’s)

Green- Islam

Schism (T-Chart)Schism (T-Chart)

Service in LatinService in Latin Pope had authority Pope had authority

over bishopsover bishops Pope claims authority Pope claims authority

over all kings and over all kings and emperorsemperors

Priests may NOT marryPriests may NOT marry Divorce is NOT Divorce is NOT

permittedpermitted

Services in GreekServices in Greek Patriarchs and Patriarchs and

bishops head the bishops head the church togetherchurch together

Emperor claims Emperor claims authority over churchauthority over church

Priests may marryPriests may marry Divorce is allowedDivorce is allowed

Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox

Converting the SlavsConverting the Slavs

Saint Methodius and St. CyrilSaint Methodius and St. Cyril Invented Cyrillic alphabet Invented Cyrillic alphabet

Vernacular bibleVernacular bibleThe early Cyrillic alphabet

А Б В Г Д Є Ж Ѕ З И І

К Л М Н О П Ҁ Р С Т Ѹ

Ф Х Ѡ Ц Ч Ш Щ Ъ ЪІ Ь Ѣ

Ю ІА Ѧ Ѩ Ѫ Ѭ Ѯ Ѱ Ѳ Ѵ Ѥ