By

Dr. Janmejay, Dr. Arman Shukla

&

Abhishek Kumar

Upkar Prakashan, Agra-2

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© Publishers

Publishers

UPKAR PRAKASHAN2/11A, Swadeshi Bima Nagar, AGRA–282 002

Phone : 4053333, 2530966, 2531101Fax : (0562) 4053330, 4031570E-mail : care@upkar.in, Website : www.upkar.inBranch Offices4845, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, 1-8-1/B, R.R. Complex (Near Sundaraiah Park, Pirmohani Chowk,New Delhi–110 002 Adjacent to Manasa Enclave Gate), Kadamkuan,Phone : 011–23251844/66 Bagh Lingampally, Hyderabad–500 044 (A.P.) Patna–800 003

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� The publishers have taken all possible precautions in publishing this book, yet if any mistake has crept in, thepublishers shall not be responsible for the same.

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ISBN : 978-93-5013-524-2

Price : ̀ 720.00(Rs. Seven Hundred Twenty Only)

Code No. 1846

Printed at : UPKAR PRAKASHAN (Printing Unit) Bye-pass, AGRA

(An ISO 9001 : 2000 Company)

First Edition : 2014

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Contents

Previous Year’s Solved Paper

●●●●● English 1–96

1. Passage ......................................................................................................................... 3–17

2. Jumble Words ................................................................................................................ 18–34

3. Spotting Errors ............................................................................................................... 35–45

4. Antonyms ...................................................................................................................... 46–52

5. Synonyms ...................................................................................................................... 53–60

6. Fill in the Blanks ............................................................................................................. 61–69

7. Rearrange of Paragraph ................................................................................................. 70–83

8. Sentence Improvement ................................................................................................... 84–92

9. Passage Completion Close Tests ..................................................................................... 93–96

●●●●● General Knowledge 1–168

1. Geography ..................................................................................................................... 3–40

2. History of Freedom Movement ........................................................................................ 41–74

3. The Constitution of India ................................................................................................. 75–103

4. Economics ..................................................................................................................... 104–161

5. Knowledge of Human Body ............................................................................................ 162–168

●●●●● Physics 1–208

1. Measurement ................................................................................................................. 3–5

2. Scalars and Vectors ........................................................................................................ 6–14

3. Motion ........................................................................................................................... 15–25

4. Newton’s Laws of Motion .............................................................................................. 26–33

5. Work, Energy & Power .................................................................................................. 34–41

6. Impulse and Momentum .................................................................................................. 42–49

7. System of Particles and Rotational Motion ....................................................................... 50–56

8. Kinetic Energy of a Rotating Body and Moment of Inertia .................................................. 57–63

9. Gravitation ..................................................................................................................... 64–69

10. Fluid Statics ................................................................................................................... 70–80

11. Simple Harmonic Motion ................................................................................................. 81–86

12. Thermometers ................................................................................................................ 87–96

13. Waves ........................................................................................................................... 97–105

14. Ray Optics ..................................................................................................................... 106–121

15. Waves Optics ................................................................................................................. 122–130

16. Electrostatics ................................................................................................................. 131–141

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17. Current Electricity ........................................................................................................... 142–153

18. The Magnetic Field ......................................................................................................... 154–166

19. Electromagnetic Inductions .............................................................................................. 167–172

20. Transient Current ........................................................................................................... 173–186

21. Nucleus ......................................................................................................................... 187–193

22. Semiconductor ............................................................................................................... 194–199

● ● ● ● ● Practice Question Paper .......................................................................................... 200–208

●●●●● Chemistry 1–172

1. Atomic Structure ............................................................................................................ 3–13

2. Chemical Bonding .......................................................................................................... 14–25

3. Chemical Kinetics .......................................................................................................... 26–37

4. Solutions ........................................................................................................................ 38–45

5. Electrochemistry ............................................................................................................. 46–50

6. Redox Reactions ............................................................................................................ 51–55

7. P-Block Elements ........................................................................................................... 56–67

8. Halogen Derivatives ....................................................................................................... 68–71

9. Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers .......................................................................................... 72–89

10. General Principles and Process of Isolation of Elements .................................................... 90–100

11. Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids ........................................................................ 101–121

12. Organic Compounds ....................................................................................................... 122–131

13. Biomolecules .................................................................................................................. 132–148

14. Polymers ....................................................................................................................... 149–165

● ● ● ● ● Practice Question Paper ......................................................................................... 166–171

●●●●● Mathematics 2–236

1. Set ................................................................................................................................. 3–9

2. Function ......................................................................................................................... 10–24

3. Trigonometry .................................................................................................................. 25–41

4. Quadratic Expression ...................................................................................................... 42–45

5. Complex Numbers .......................................................................................................... 46–53

6. Sequence and Series ....................................................................................................... 54–62

7. Permutations and Combinations ....................................................................................... 63–69

8. Binomial Theorem .......................................................................................................... 70–76

9. Height and Distances ...................................................................................................... 77–89

10. Cicrle ............................................................................................................................. 90–95

11. Conic Sections, Ellipse and Hyperbola .............................................................................. 96–110

12. Matrices and Determinants ............................................................................................. 111–117

13. Differentiation and Differentiability .................................................................................. 118–129

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14. Monotonicity of Functions ............................................................................................... 130–135

15. Integration ..................................................................................................................... 136–144

16. Application of Integration of Areas .................................................................................. 145–148

17. Definite Integration ........................................................................................................ 149–157

18. Differential Equation ...................................................................................................... 158–166

19. Vectors and Scalars ........................................................................................................ 167–177

20. Statistics ........................................................................................................................ 178–185

21. Probability ..................................................................................................................... 186–198

● ● ● ● ● Practice Question Paper-1 ...................................................................................... 199–219

● ● ● ● ● Practice Question Paper-2 ...................................................................................... 220–235

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General Information About SCRA Examination

A competitive examination for recruitment of candidates as Special Class Apprentices in MechanicalDepartment of Indian Railways will be held by the Union Public Service Commission in accordance with theRules published by the Ministry of Railways (Railway Board).

The Examination shall be conducted according to the following plan.

Part I : Written Examination carrying a maximum of 600 marks in the subjects as shown below.

The subjects of the Written Examination under Part I, the time allowed and the maximum marks allottedto each subject/paper shall be as follows :

Paper Subjects Code No. Time MaximumAllowed Marks

Paper I General Ability Test 01 2 Hours 200(English, General Knowledge andPsychological Test)

Paper II Physical Sciences (Physics and Chemistry) 02 2 Hours 200

Paper III Mathematics 03 2 Hours 200

Total Marks 600

Part II : Personality Test carrying a maximum of 200 marks in respect of only those candidates who aredeclared qualified on the results of Written Examination.

Note :

●●●●● The papers in all the subjects will consist of Objective (Multiple Choice Answer) Type questionsonly. The Question Papers (Test Booklets) will be set in English only.

●●●●● In the question papers, wherever required, SI units will be used.

●●●●● Question Papers will be approximately of the Intermediate standard.

●●●●● Candidates must write the answers in their own hand. In no circumstances, will they be allowed thehelp of a scribe to write the answers for them. Blind candidates will, however, be allowed to writethe examination with the help of a scribe.

●●●●● An extra time of 20 minutes for each paper will be permitted to the blind candidates for papers(Objective type) of duration two hours each.

●●●●● The Commission have discretion to fix qualifying marks in any or all the subjects of the examination.

●●●●● Candidates are not permitted to use calculators for answering objective type papers (Test Booklets).They should not, therefore, bring the same inside the Examination Hall.

General Ability Test(Paper-I)

(I) English : The questions will be designed to test the candidates’ understanding and command of thelanguage.

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(II) General Knowledge : The questions will be designed to test a candidate’s general awareness of theenvironment around him/her and its application to society. The standard of answers to questions should be asexpected of students of standard 12 or equivalent.

Man and his environment—Evolution of life, plants and animals, heredity and environment-Genetics,cells, chromosomes, genes.

Knowledge of the human body-nutrition, balanced diet, substitute foods, public health and sanitationincluding control of epidemics and common diseases. Environmental pollution and its control. Food adulteration,proper storage and preservation of food grains and finished products, population explosion, population control.Production of food and raw materials. Breeding of animals and plants, artificial insemination, manures andfertilizers, crop protection measures, high yielding varieties and green revolution,main cereal and cash crops ofIndia.

Solar system and the earth. Seasons, Climate, Weather, Soil—Its formation, erosion. Forests andtheir uses. Natural calamities cyclones, floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions. Mountains and rivers and theirrole in irrigation in India. Distribution of natural resources and industries in India. Exploration of under—groundminerals including Oil Conservation of natural resources with particular reference to the flora and fauna of India.

History, Politics and Society in India—Vedic, Mahavir, Budhdha, Mauryan, Sunga, Andhra, Kushan.Gupta ages (Mauryan Pillars, Stupa Caves, Sanchi, Mathura and Gandharva Schools, Temple architecture,Ajanta and Ellora). The rise of new social forces with the coming of Islam and establishment of broadercontacts. Transition from feudalism to capitalism. Opening of European contacts. Establishment of British rulein India. Rise of nationalism and national struggle for freedom culminating in Independence.

Constitution of India and its characteristic features—Democracy, Secularism, Socialism, equality ofopportunity and Parliamentary form of Government. Major political ideologies—Democracy, Socialism,Communism and Gandhian idea of non-violence. Indian political parties, pressure groups, public opinion and thePress, electoral system. India’s foreign policy and non-alignment-Arms race, balance of power. Worldorganisation—political, social, economic and cultural. Important events (including sports and cultural activities)in India and abroad during the past two years.

Broad features of Indian social system—The caste system, hierarchy—recent changes and trends.Minority social institution—marriage, family, religion and acculturation. Division of labour, co-operation, conflictand competition, Social control—reward and punishment, art, law, customs, propaganda, public opinion, agenciesof social control—family, religion, State educational institutions; factors of social change—economic,technological, demographic, cultural; the concept of revolution.

Social disorganization in India—Casteism, communalism, corruption in public life, youth unrest, beggary,drugs, delinquency and crime, poverty and unemployment. Social planning and welfare in India, communitydevelopment and labour welfare; welfare of Scheduled Castes and Backward Classes.

Money—Taxation, price, demographic trends, national income, economic growth.

Private and Public Sectors; economic and non-economic factors in planning, balanced versus imbalancedgrowth, agricultural versus industrial development; inflation and price stabilization, problem of resourcemobilisation. India’s Five Year Plans.

Physical Science(Paper-II)

(I) Physics : Length measurements using vernier, screw gauge, spherometer and optical lever. Measurementof time and mass.

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Straight line motion and relationships among displacement, velocity and acceleration. Newton’s Laws ofMotion, Momentum, impulse, work, energy and power. Coefficient of friction.

Equilibrium of bodies under action of forces. Moment of a force, couple. Newton’s Law of Gravitation.Escape velocity. Acceleration due to gravity. Mass and Weight; Centre of gravity, Uniform circular motion,centripetal force, simple Harmonic motion. Simple pendulum.

Pressure in a fluid and its variation with depth. Pascal’s Law. Principle of Archimedes. Floating bodies,Atmospheric pressure and its measurement. Temperature and its measurement. Thermal expansion, Gas lawsand absolute temperature.Specific heat, latent heats and their measurement. Specific heat of gases.

Mechanical equivalent of heat. Internal energy and First law of thermodynamics, Isothermaland adiabaticchanges. Transmission of heat; thermal conductivity. Wave motion; Longitudinal and transverse waves.Progressive and stationary waves, Velocity of sound in gas and its dependence on various factors. Resonancephenomena (air columns and strings).

Reflection and refraction of light. Image formation by curved mirrors and lenses, Microscopes andtelescopes. Defects of vision. Prisms, deviation and dispersion, Minimum deviation. Visible spectrum. Field dueto a bar magnet, Magnetic moment, Elements of Earth’s magnetic field. Magnetometers. Dia, para andferromagnetism.

Electric charge, electric field and potential, Coulomb’s Law.

Electric current; electric cells, e.m.f. resistance, ammeters and voltmeters. Ohm’s law; resistances inseries and parallel, specific resistance and conductivity. Heating effect of current.Wheatstone’s bridge,Potentiometer.

Magnetic effect of current; straight wire, coil and solenoid electromagnet; electric bell.

Force on a current-carrying conductor in magnetic field; moving coil galvanometers; conversion to ammeteror voltmeter. Chemical effects of current; Primary and storage cells and their functioning, Laws of electrolysis.

Electromagnetic induction; Simple A.C. and D.C. generators. Transformers, Induction coil, Cathode rays,discovery of the electron, Bohr model of the atom. Diode and its use as a rectifier. Production, properties anduses of X-rays. Radioactivity; Alpha, Beta and Gamma rays.

Nuclear energy; fission and fusion, conversion of mass into energy, chain reaction.

(II) ChemistryPhysical Chemistry

1. Atomic structure; Earlier models in brief. Atom as at three dimensional model. Orbital concept. Quantum numbers and their significance, only elementary treatment. Pauli’s Exclusion Principle. Electronicconfiguration. Aufbau Principle, s.p.d. and f. block elements.

Periodic classification only long form. Periodicity and electronic configuration. Atomic radii, Electro-negativityin period and groups.

2. Chemical Bonding, electro-valent, co-valent, coordinate covalent bonds. Bond Properties, sigma and Piebonds, Shapes of simple molecules like water, hydrogen sulphide, methane and ammonium chloride.Molecular association and hydrogen bonding.

3. Energy changes in a chemical reaction. Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions. Application of First Lawof Thermodynamics, Hess’s Law of constant heat summation.

4. Chemical Equilibria and rates of reactions. Law of Mass action. Effect of Pressure, Temperature andconcentration on the rates of reaction. (Qualitative treatment based on Le Chatelier’s Principle).

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Molecularity; First and Second order reaction. Concept of Energy of activation. Application to manufactureof Ammonia and Sulphur trioxide.

5. Solutions : True solutions, colloidal solutions and suspensions. Colligative properties of dillute solutionsand determination of Molecular weights of dissolved substances. Elevation of boiling points. Depressionsof freezing point, osmotic pressure. Raoult’s Law (non-thermodynamic treatment only).

6. Electro-Chemistry : Solution of Electrolytes, Faraday’s Laws of Electrolysis, ionic equilibria, Solubilityproduct. Strong and weak electrolytes. Acids and Bases (Lewis and Bronstead concept). pH and Buffersolutions.

7. Oxidation—Reduction; Modern, electronics concept and oxidation number.

8. Natural and Artificial Radioactivity : Nuclear Fission and Fusion. Uses of Radioactive isotopes.

Inorganic ChemistryBrief Treatment of Elements and their industrially important compounds :

1. Hydrogen : Position in the periodic table. Isotopes of hydrogen. Electronegative and electropositivecharacter. Water, hard and soft water, use of water in industries, Heavy water and its uses.

2. Group I Elements : Manufacture of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate andsodium chloride.

3. Group II Elements : Quick and slaked lime. Gypsum, Plaster of Paris. Magnesium sulphate andMagnesia.

4. Group III Elements : Borax, Alumina and Alum.

5. Group IV Elements : Coals, Coke and solid Fuels, Silicates, Zolitis semi-conductors. Glass (Elementarytreatment).

6. Group V Elements : Manufacture of ammonia and nitric acid. Rock Phosphates and safety matches.

7. Group VI Elements : Hydrogen peroxide, allotropy of sulphur, sulphuric acid. Oxides of sulphur.

8. Group VII Elements : Manufacture and uses of Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine and Iodine, Hydrochloricacid. Bleaching powder.

9. Group O : (Noble gases) Helium and its uses.

10. Metallurgical Processes : General Methods of extraction of metals with specific reference to copper,iron, aluminium, silver, gold, zinc and lead. Common alloys of these metals; Nickel and manganese steels.

Organic Chemistry

1. Tetrahedral nature of carbon, Hybridisation and sigma pie bonds and their relative strength. Single andmultiple bonds. Shapes of molecules. Geometrical and optical isomerism.

2. General methods of preparation, properties and reaction of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes, Petroleum andits refining. Its uses as fuel. Aromatic hydrocarbons : Resonance and aromaticity. Benzene and Naphthaleneand their analogues. Aromatic substitution reactions.

3. Halogen Derivatives : Chloroform, Carbon Tetrachloride, Chlorobenzene, D.D.T. and Gammexane.

4. Hydroxy Compounds : Preparation, properties and uses of Primary, Secondary and Tertiary alcohols,Methanol, Ethanol, Glycerol and Phenol, Substitution reaction at aliphatic carbon atom.

5. Ethers; Diethyl ether.

6. Aldehydes and ketones : Formaldehyde, Acetaldehyde, Benzaldehyde, acetone, acetophenone.

7. Nitro compounds amines : Nitrobenzene TNT, Anlline, Diazonium Compounds, Azodyes.

8. Carboxylic acid : Formic, acetic, denezoic and salicylic acids, acetyl salicylic acid.

UPSC Special Class Railway ApprenticesExamination

Publisher : Upkar Prakashan ISBN : 9789350135242Author : Dr. Janmejay, Dr.Arman Shukla & AbhishekKumar

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