By the end of this chapter, you should be able to: LO1 Explain the function and purpose of the criminal justice system.LO2 Explain the rule of law and its significance in Canadian law.LO3 Describe the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.LO4 Identify the procedural safeguards that exist in the criminal justice system.LO5 Describe the due process and crime control philosophies of criminal justice.LO6 Identify the types and categories of laws that exist in Canada. LO7 Identify the components of the criminal just system.LO8 Describe the relationship between the media and the criminal justice system.LO9 Describe the way in which a criminal case is processed through the criminal justice system.

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Types Two Main Categories of Law: Common Law and Statute Law

Common Law Not created by parliament but by previous court decisions called

judicial “precedent”

Precedent is also called “stare decisis”, which means “to stand by what has been decided”

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Types Two Main Categories of Law: Common Law and Statute Law

Statute Law A written piece of legislation created through the parliamentary

process

Federal law is created in Ottawa, while each province or territory creates its own legislation

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Types Second Categorization of Law is Private Law and Public Law

Private law Resolves disputes between two private parties (individuals or

corporations)

For example, contract law, family law, estate law

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Types Second Categorization of Law is Private and Public Law

Public Law In matters of public law, a prosecutor represents the state Four types:

Criminal Constitutional Administrative Civil

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