BY ORDER OF THE COMMANDER 27th VFS … IQT...about your install, or any “mods” included in your...

BY ORDER OF THE COMMANDER 27th VFS INSTRUCTION 11-F-16 1st VIRTUAL FIGHTER WING 27 SEPTEMBER 2008 Flying Operations INTIAL QUALIFICATION TRAINING FOR F-16 PILOTS

COMPLIANCE WITH THIS INSTRUCTION IS MANDATORY ______________________________________________________________________________________ OPR: 27th Training Command (CO Blake “Demo” Perdue) Certified by: 401st VAS (XO Jamel “Jammer” Smith)

Pages: 47 Distribution: 401st VAS, 94th VFS, 71st VFS, 29th VFS, 27th VFS ________________________________________________________________________ *This instruction prescribes training required to ensure all 1st VFW F-16 pilots at Seoul AFB, South Korea attain and maintain established training qualifications. The content in this document is subject to change without notice. Our objective for Initial Qualification Training is to get all 1st VFW pilots Basic Aircraft Qualified (BAQ) to improve the realism of our online flights. IQT is mandatory for all 1st VFW members prior to being assigned to a permanent squadron. Completion of IQT is required for pilots to enroll in Mission Qualification Training (MQT). MQT will enable a pilot to further his/her squadron career by qualifying for Element / Flight Lead, Unit Trainer, Adversary Deployment, and Fighter Weapons School (FWS). See 1st VFW Training Pipeline (1.6) for further details on our training ascension. This instruction is affected by the Privacy Act (PA) of 1974. Authority to attain this information is 10 U.S.C. 8012 and E.0. 9397 (N/A to this document). *SUMMARY OF REVISIONS *This edition of the IQT syllabus is version 1.4. Revisions include the following: Updated distribution to include all 1st VFW squadrons. Updated the scoring section of the syllabus. Updated the IQT overview image. Updated the GT ground school material description, and specific information. Updated the CR overview sections, and descriptions. Updated: 02/10/09 Changes: Shown Above Author: “Demo” – CO 1st VFW / 27th VFS Assisted by: Jammer – XO 1st VFW / 401st VAS Flying Operations, F-16 Combat Aircraft Fundamentals 11-F16 Vol. 5 F-16 A/B Mid-Life Update Production Tape M1/M2 - The Pilot’s Guide (Mar 2000) Multi-Command Handbook 11-F-16 Volume 5-F-16 – Combat Aircraft Fundamentals Air Force Instruction 11-202, Vol. 1, 23 November 2005 – Flying Operations – Aircrew Training Air Force Instruction 11-202, Vol. 3, 5 April 2006 – Flying Operations – General Flight Rules Air Force Manual 11-249, 2 March 2007 – Flying Operations – T-37 Primary Flying Naval Air Training Command – T-34 Instruction – P-357 (rev. 09-06) USAF - F-16C AN/APG – 68 (V5) - Operations Guide Multiservice Air-Air, Air-Surface, Surface-Brevity Codes – FM90-38 – MCRP – NWP 6-02.1 USAF Instruction 11-2F-16, Vol. 2, 20 June 2006 – Flying Operations – F-16 Pilot Training F-16C Flight Manual, General Dynamics AF11-205 Cockpit & Formation Flight Signals AFI 11-2F-16 Vol. 3, F-16 Operations Procedures

1st Virtual Fighter Wing - www.1stvfw.com 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INITIAL QUALIFICATION TRAINING

CHAPTER 1 ...................................................................................................................... 3 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 3

1.1 General.................................................................................................................. 3 1.2 Tech Data .............................................................................................................. 3 1.3 Waivers ................................................................................................................. 4 1.4 Goal....................................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Instruction ............................................................................................................. 4 1.6 First Virtual Fighter Wing Training Pipeline........................................................ 5 1.7 Policies.................................................................................................................. 6 1.8 Scoring .................................................................................................................. 6 1.9 Safety .................................................................................................................... 8 1.10 ACMI .................................................................................................................. 8 1.11 Resources ............................................................................................................ 9

CHAPTER 2 .................................................................................................................... 10

INITIAL QUALIFICATION TRAINING ................................................................... 10 2.1 Course Format..................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Ground Training (GT)......................................................................................... 11 2.3 Flight Training Overview ................................................................................... 15 2.4 Flight Training/Checkride Details ...................................................................... 17 2.5 IQT Summary ..................................................................................................... 19

CHAPTER 3 .................................................................................................................... 20

POST IQT TRAINING COURSES.............................................................................. 20 3.1 Mission Qualification Training (MQT) .............................................................. 20 3.2 Continuation Training (CT) ................................................................................ 22 3.3 Fighter Weapons School (FWS) ......................................................................... 23 3.4 Replacement Training Unit (RTU) ..................................................................... 26 3.5 IQT Instructor Qualification / Applicants........................................................... 28

CHAPTER 5 .................................................................................................................... 29

Definitions/References/Appendix................................................................................. 29 4.1 Training Material Overview ............................................................................... 29 4.2 Multi-Service Brevity Codes .............................................................................. 29 4.3 Definitions........................................................................................................... 44 4.4 Abbreviations...................................................................................................... 44


CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 General

1.1.1. Scope. This volume outlines the procedures applicable to the safe operation of the Lockheed Martin F-16C “Fighting Falcon/Viper” (originally developed by General Dynamics). With the complementary references cited, this volume prescribes standard operational procedures to be used by all 1st VFW F-16 pilots.

1.1.2. Pilot's Responsibility. This volume, in conjunction with other governing directives, prescribes operations procedures for F-16 under most circumstances, but is not to be used as a substitute for sound judgment or common sense. Operations or procedures not specifically addressed may be accomplished if they enhance safe and effective mission accomplishment.

1.1.3. Deviations. Deviations from these procedures require specific approval of the 1st VFW Command Staff unless an urgent requirement (emergency) or change to 1st VFW SOPs has been published.

1.1.4. References. The primary references for F-16 operations can be found on page 1 References, and/or the Private Downloads section of our website. If you found a reference (outside the info available within the IQT download or our training downloads in the forum) that you found useful, please forward the document to Training Command to include the document in our Resources section.

1.2 Tech Data

1.2.1. Wing Install. Personnel will not use non-‘Wing Standard Install’ during training flights. If a student is found using a modified install that is causing problems during training flights, he/she may be dropped from the course. If you have any questions about your install, or any “mods” included in your install, please contact the 27th VFS Command Staff. All students should have their volume sliders in the Set Up tab of the user interface at a sound level that does not hinder the students hearing of radio calls. See the Wing Standard Install for further details or recommended sound slider settings. All 1st VFW student airmen should have multiplayer critical settings off (trees-off/turbulence-on) unless otherwise advised by their Instructor Pilot (IP), and have their bandwidth set to 100 for all online flights. Internal Voice Comms (IVC) will be used during training flights (not applicable for AF), therefore, all pilots should have already ran the “VoiceSetUp.exe” in their “Falcon4” folder prior to flying a training flight online. Training Command highly recommends that all student airmen test their IVC prior to flying official online IQT flights. See any IP for help with any of the technical data listed here.


1.3 Waivers

1.3.1. Waiver Requests. Waiver requests to not enroll in IQT will be forwarded through appropriate channels to the applicable 1st VFW Command Staff for approval. Waivers, if approved, will be issued only to pilots who have proved IQT course material competency. Information about waivers can be found on our Admin Ops section of our website. Please contact your IP for further details. At a minimum the squadron commander, operations officer and training officers review the records of newly assigned pilots for total flying time, fighter experience, unit equipped ( UE ) flying time and special qualifications/abilities in order to determine a waivers validity.

1.4 Goal

1.4.1 Goal/Mission. The objective of IQT is to increase the proficiency and knowledge of pilots in attaining and maintaining their Basic Aircraft Qualification (BAQ). Furthermore, the goal of IQT is to improve the realism of our online flights and effectiveness in intra-wing competitions and training exercises. As more pilots complete IQT and understand and use the course criteria described in this document, we will see enhanced realism in all of our flights, and subsequently, achieving our Wing mission. The course is designed for pilots to complete all syllabus requirements outlined in this document with relative ease. Our goal in Training Command is not to make it difficult for pilots to graduate IQT. Training Command’s goal is to make it easy and fun for pilots to complete each training course, flight, or check ride to the satisfaction of the instructor pilots and the Command Staff.

1.4.2. Continuation Training Goal. – A secondary goal, although equally important, of Training Command is that our IQT graduates maintain their qualifications by practice, and perform in all tasked squadron missions to the satisfaction of their commander.

1.5 Instruction

1.5.1. Instructor Pilot (IP). All IQT student airmen will be assigned a Primary IP whom will be responsible for oversight of the students training progression. However, the student airmen are not limited to flying solely with their Primary IP. Any student airman that is enrolled in IQT can fly with any IQT qualified IP. IQT qualified IP’s are listed on the 27th VFS Roster on our website. IQT student airmen are required to set the date and time of their training flights, or check rides. IQT IP’s will not be responsible for making appointments to fly. Student airmen can set an appointment to fly via email, the Whiteboard, or on Teamspeak. All IP’s will make themselves available for flights, and will do the best they can to work with the student airman’s schedule. Also, all IP’s are available for tutorial flights at any time during the IQT course. If a student airmen does not feel confident that he/she can pass his/her Check Ride, he/or she could request a Tutorial Flight. The Tutorial Flights can cover anything that the student airman wants to practice and/or learn. The student may also ask to do a Practice Check


Ride where the IP will run the student through the actual check ride. The Practice Check Ride is there to ensure all student airmen can pass any check ride, and graduate any course, if they are willing to put in the time. The IP’s are there for the student airmen, and you will not find a better resource or training tool, then an IP willing to help. We highly recommend all student airmen take advantage of our knowledgeable IP’s.

1.6 First Virtual Fighter Wing Training Pipeline

1.6.1 BASIC OVERVIEW OF 1ST VFW TRAINING

Figure 1.6.2

Ferry Flight – The 1st VFW Ferry Flight isn’t so much training as it is a tradition. We ask that all new pilots fly a ferry flight from Kadena AFB, Japan, to our headquarters at Seoul AFB, South Korea. Aside from the traditions of the wing, the flight allows us to test the new pilots connection, and ensure they new pilot read and understands our Multiplayer SOPs. The Ferry Flight is an hour long.

Ferry Flight

Continuation Training (CT) – CT is a squadron managed training program to help pilots maintain their qualifications. It is called “Continuous” because it is not something you complete and never do again. All sqadrons are required to have a CT

Mission Qualification Training (MQT) – MQT is designed to get as many 1st VFW airmen Combat Mission Ready (CMR) qualified. All pilots must have completed IQT to enroll in MQT. MQT course material covers everything needed to operate the F-16 and it weapons systems in a combat environment, including Basic Air-to-Surface Attacks and Beyond Visual Range (BVR) / Basic Flight Maneuvers (BFM) Air-toAir tactics and strategies.

Initial Qualification Training (IQT) – IQT is a mandatory training course designed to get all new 1st VFW airmen Basic Aircraft Qualified (BAQ). During IQT, airmen will learn how to safely operate the F-16 in normal and emergency operations, in visual or instrument conditions, day or night, and around other aircraft. We require that all airmen complete IQT to maintain the realism of our online flights.

IQT

MQT

CT

Requalification Training Unit (RTU) – RTU is a squadron specific program for the 401st Aggressor Squadron. It trains pilots in ‘Red Air tactics’ during their temporary assignment with the 401 st Virtual Adversary Squadron.

RTU

Fighter Weapons School (FWS) – FWS is designed to teach specialized tasks and advanced tactics, such as Forward Air Controller (FAC), and Mutual Suport.

FWS


1.7 Policies

1.7.1 Status: Upgrade pilots attain and maintain Basic Aircraft Qualified (BAQ) or Basic Mission Capable (BMC) status. Pilots must complete IQT within the first 90 days after they have completed the Ferry Flight. 1st VFW Command Staff has the right to move any pilot to the Reserves or remove then from the roster completely.

1.7.2 Waiver. Waivers to extend the 90 days may be granted by 1st VFW Command Staff. All waivers requests to extend the 90 day requirement must be made to Training Command. The Command Staff knows real life can get in the way, and things come up. We only ask that you keep us informed. If you are not able to fly for any reason, contact your Primary IP and he will relay the info to Training Command. The 90 day requirement is in place to maintain the realism in our flights, and efficiently move pilots from training to their permanent squadron.

1.7.3 Records. Training Command will keep a record of each pilot’s qualifications, flight hours, and performance, all of which will be available upon request. Also, pilot’s qualifications can be found in the Pilot’s Qualifications tab of squadron roster page on our website. The records are kept for reference if upgrade training is requested, for award nomination, promotions, and applications for specialized training.

1.8 Scoring

1.8.1. Scoring. Scoring of pilot’s performance will be done by the IP after each check ride using the ‘Scorecard’ parameters outlined below. Students may request their ‘Scorecard’ any time post 24hrs of the flight. The Scorecard is in place for Training Command to grade the overall performance of the student during IQT, but it’s also there as an incentive for the students to do well. In real life the students are graded in a similar fashion. If a student performs exceptionally well, he/she will receive a “Superior” mark on their score card (also called a ‘Snake’). If the student performs below average, or worse below 1st VFW safety standards, he/she will receive an “Unsatisfactory” score and an explanation as to why in red ink (this is called a “Red Tick”, which is known as “Blood on the Paper” in the fighter community. Students who receive a score below 80 will have to repeat the Check Ride until they complete it with a score over. Each check ride’s Scorecard will add to the students overall performance. Students with a 95 or above overall score at the end of IQT will graduate “With Honors”, and be awarded the Training Honor Graduate Ribbon. The following criteria will determine a pilot’s overall performance:

1.8.2. Records. All of the students scorecards will be archived by Training Command, and will only be accessible by the student, Instructor Pilots, the student’s squadron CO and/XO, and Training Command. The scorecards are kept so Training Command can keep track of each pilot’s qualifications, and track new pilot’s performances to monitor if training improvements or modifications are having a positive impact on the students


check rides. If the student completes IQT and enrolls in MQT, his/her scorecard from IQT will be forwarded to his/her MQT IP.

*Grading Scale: The grading score for IQT is 0 - 100, with 0 being the worst, and 100 being the best. Here are the scoring tiers/percentiles: 80 or Below - Unsatisfactory (Fail) 81 - 85 - Below Average 86 - 89 - Satisfactory 90 - 94 - Above Average 95 or Above - Superior (Some of the info below is not applicable to AF, ie IVC or Data Cartridge Settings)

1. Ground School/Preparation: How prepared for the check ride was the student? Did the student print

out the necessary maps/charts? Did the student create a mission data card for the flight?

Did the student demonstrate that he/she reviewed the required Ground School documentation? Does the student have a basic understanding of the material?

Did the student print out the required checklists (if needed)? 2. Simulation & Briefing

Did the student give a thorough briefing prior to getting in the jet? Did the student set up his data cartridge according to the mission briefing? Did the student follow 1st VFW SOPs prior to committing to the flight?

Was the student able to demonstrate his/her knowledge relevant to the flight (ie able to walk through the normal and emergency procedures?) When you asked the student about emergency scenarios, did he/she demonstrate a basic understanding of the proper emergency procedures?

3. Flight Training

Did the student follow 1st VFW SOPs getting into the jet? Was the student able to check-in on UHF 6 prior to starting the jet? Did the student follow the ramp start checklist? Did you see the student

execute certain benchmarks of a proper ramp start, such as extending and retracting his/her speedbrakes or not turning his/ her landing lights on until the end of the ramp start procedure?

How was the student’s brevity during ground ops? Did the student follow taxi procedures? Did the student line up on the

right side of the runway? Did the student make our takeoff on-time? Did the student follow the formation takeoff procedure (if applicable)?


Was the student able to rejoin relatively quick? During the rejoin, did the student use the appropriate brevity (ie “Tied” or “Visual), without having to ask lead for his speed?

Did the student follow briefed takeoff procedures (ie if lead maintaining runway heading at 350kts until 3 or 4 calls “rolling”)?

Was the student able to demonstrate his/her knowledge of the IQT information for that particular flight?

Did the student acknowledge lead’s radio calls immediately after lead transmitted?

Did the student execute all of the approach/departure procedures discussed during the brief?

In your opinion, how did the student overall perform during the flight? 4. Debriefing

Did the student remember to turn his/her ACMI on prior to takeoff? Did the student recognize some of his/her mistakes, and point them out

during the briefing? If the student was lead in the flight, did he/she do a thorough debrief?

*The information above is simply and example scorecard, and is subject to change without notice. 1.9 Safety

1.9.1. Realism. In order to keep our training flights as realistic as possible, we will pay close attention to safety standards. Students must treat their aircraft as if it is a $20 million dollar aircraft. IP’s will complete a safety checklist with the student prior to each flight (the safety checklist can be found in the IQT download). Furthermore, during the briefing, the IP will take the student through each step and/or maneuver of the check ride. During that part of the briefing, the IP will outline the safety guidelines for the flight, including hard deck altitudes, safe speeds entering maneuvers, minimum altitudes at which a maneuver can be started, and so on. If a student damages his/her aircraft at any point during the flight, he/she will receive a ‘Unsatisfactory’ score and ‘Red Tick’ write-up (which may lead to the student having to repeat the flight). The IP will also review the ACMI footage with the student to find out why the mistake happened, and how the student could have avoided it. Safety is critical to the realism of our flights. Students who demonstrate a flagrant disregard of our safety standards (Safety Standards are included in the 1st VFW SOPs) may be dropped from the course and/or roster of the 1st VFW. Nobody wants to earn a new callsign because of a safety mistake!

1.10 ACMI

1.10.1 ACMI. All students will be expected to turn on their ACMI prior to taxing. Once the student calls “[Callsign] ready to taxi”, the IP will call “[Callsign], confirm safety checks complete, and ACMI on”. The student is required to turn on his/her ACMI prior to physically moving the aircraft. The check ride begins once both the


student and the IP are in the 3D world; however, the ACMI only needs to be on before taxing the aircraft so the IP can review/grade the student on his/her taxi (and in flight) performance after the flight. The IP will remind the student to turn their ACMI on, but it’s the student’s responsibility to remember to turn the ACMI on. If a student forgets to turn his/her ACMI on, he/she will receive a ‘red tick’ on his/her scorecard. Repeated ‘red tick’ write-ups may lead to the student being dropped from the course and/or probation. We do not require our students to turn their ACMI on solely for grading purposes. The ACMI footage is used to help the student identify his/her mistakes, areas of improvement, and as a reference for the debrief, but it’s also used by the IP to point out areas that the student excelled in.

1.11 Resources

1.11.1 Resources. All resources for IQT can be found on the Training Resources page of our website, or in the Classroom section of the forum. Students will be given an IQT download which will include all of the necessary training material to complete the course, and Online Resources document which will include links to helpful online training websites. If the student can’t find the information he/she is looking for, the student is allowed to search for the answer using any resource. For example, if you can’t find the answer to a question you have using the IQT download; you can search the web for the answer. If you are not sure if the online resource is accurate, ask your IP for help. However, we should caution student airmen to confirm if the reference is accurate. See your Primary IP for more details on training resources.

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CHAPTER 2

INITIAL QUALIFICATION TRAINING

2.1 Course Format

2.1.1. General. This chapter outlines Initial Qualification Training (IQT) of pilots into the F-16. 1st VFW airmen should use this document as a reference for the IQT course format. This document does not include the Ground Training (GT) / IQT concepts that 1st VFW need to study to pass their check rides. See the IQT GT school folder included with this document for course material and guides.

2.1.2. Prerequisites. Course prerequisites will be verification of the 1st VFW standard install, and completion of the New Pilot Ferry Flight. If a 1st VFW airman has completed those two steps, he/she can enroll in IQT.

2.1.3. Course Format/Overview. Table 2.1.4 illustrates the 1st VFW IQT course. As you can see the course varies between Ground School (GT), Flight Training (FT), and Check Rides (CR). Each step in our IQT program is dependent on the previous section. Therefore, IQT student airmen can expect Check Rides to be cumulative, where they may have to demonstrate their knowledge of a previous Check Ride. For example, if a pilot completed IQT-1, he can expect the IQT-2 Check Ride to include concepts covered in IQT-1. See section 2.2 for GT, FT, and CR definitions.

2.1.4. Estimated Course Length. The time it takes to complete IQT is dependent on the student. The course could conceivably be completed within one or two weeks. The estimated time it will take to complete IQT is 6 hours (excluding GT).


2.2 Ground Training (GT)

2.2.1. Definition. Ground Training (GT), is a critical component for all 1st VFW training courses. GT is broken into two parts:

1. Part I is training that student airmen perform on their own time, at their own pace,

by reviewing the training materials/documents included in the IQT download. Students are expected to review the vital info from each section of IQT (IQT-1, IQT-2, IQT 3) prior to their Check Ride.

2. Part II is training that the student does with the IP prior to getting in the jet and flying. The IP will double check that the student has reviewed the necessary information that the student will have to demonstrate during the Check Ride or Flight Training. The IP will also answer any questions related to the IQT course material or briefing (for the flight).

GT may also include some simulated procedures. For example, the IP may give the student an emergency that could happen in the jet, and the student will have to run the IP through the emergency procedure for said emergency. Another example is that the IP may ask the pilot to explain how to do an Overhead Approach. The key to GT is that the student invests the time to read through the course material. We understand that IQT will be covering a lot of material, so we have tried to organize the training material in such a way that the student can easily find clarification to his problems, questions, or confusion. Furthermore, IQT students can ask any IP help, and everything in IQT is open book. Students can print out checklists, emergency procedures, formations, or anything else for the Check Rides. As stated earlier in this document, Students can request a tutorial flight or practice run of the Check Ride. Training Command wants all pilots who enroll in IQT to graduate, and become better virtual pilots. Therefore, we are here to help students, so please do not feel like you can’t ask for help. The only stupid question is the one you don’t ask.

2.2.2. IQT Ground Training Docs. In order to keep our training as efficient as possible, 1st VFW Training Command included all of the training docs a student airman will need to complete IQT. It is important each pilot reviews all of the documents, and does not rely solely on a single document. Training Command also encourages students to research documents/resources outside of the training materials included in the IQT download. If you found a help training resource, please send it to Training Command they we can include it in the IQT training materials. Student airmen can contact any 1st VFW IP for clarification or questions regarding the training material included in the IQT download. See Training Material Overview at the end of this syllabus (section 4.1) for more details on the training material included in the IQT download.

2.2.3. Purpose. Ground training may be tailored to the individual's background and experience or peculiar local conditions. However, available and current reference materials, such as the 1st VFW Standard Operating Procedures, and audiovisual programs, should be used as supporting materials to the maximum extent possible.


The purpose of the IQT training material included in the IQT download is to consolidate all ground training requirements prescribed in this syllabus. You will find that the IQT download has the training material broken into 3 parts (in 3 different folders): IQT-1, IQT-2, and IQT-3 to match the IQT course format. However, as stated earlier in this document, you may need to reference some of the material in a previous part of the IQT course. If you have any suggestions to improve the organization of the training material, please send your suggestion to your IP. 2.2.4. GT - 1.1. - Cockpit Familiarization

2.2.4.1. Objectives: Introduce pilots to the F-16C and accomplish cockpit familiarization training. All pilots should be able to demonstrate proper checklist usage and sound understanding of aircraft normal procedures and operating limits. The focus of GT-1.2 is to prepare student airmen for a 15-20 min cockpit functionality review with an IP, and CR-100, Basic Operations Evaluation. Students should be expected to understand and/or demonstrate any of the following tasks listed below. 2.2.4.2. Specific Tasks: Data Cartridge Set Up (in the map screen/and cockpit) / Cockpit Setup / Interior Checks (prior to start), Radios Set Up – IVC (prior to start & after engine start) / Normal Engine Start Checks (follow ramp star checklist) / Normal Engine Start Up, Gauges Explanation, Load DTE, Up Front Control practice (GPS Coordinates, Bullseye, etc) / ICP-DED Functionality / Demonstrate Understanding of 1st VFW Standard Operating Procedures/ Engine Shut Down.

2.2.5. GT – 1.2 Ground Operations

2.2.5.1 Objectives: To introduce pilots to preflight procedures for Falcon 4.0: Allied Force and Open Falcon, including the flight planning, briefing, map screen, debrief, and Data Cartridge and Datalink set up. Describe in detail the correct procedures for a ramp start in AF and OF. To introduce and supply the correct 1st VFW checklists for the ramp start, taxi, and takeoff procedures. 2.2.5.2 Specific Tasks: Demonstrate the ability to perform a flight briefing. Follow 1st VFW Multiplayer SOPs. Explain to IP how to configure your DTC prior to committing to the flight**. Perform a ramp start using the 1st VFW AF/OF ramp start checklist. Perform correct taxi procedures. Be able to identify specific features of an airfield in F4, such as the VASI, and/or runway markings and their significance.

2.2.6. GT – 1.3 Normal and Emergency Operations

2.2.6.1 Objectives: Introduce new 1st VFW pilots to normal and emergency procedures of the F-16C, and understand how to safely operate the aircraft prior to getting airborne with an IP. The focus of GT-1.2 is to prepare student airmen for CR-100, Basic Operations Evaluation. Students should be expected to understand and/or demonstrate any of the following.


2.2.6.2 Specific Tasks: Mission Data Card (pre-flight) / Emergency Procedures: Fault Acknowledge and analysis of Caution Light and Pilot Fault list, and MFD Test feature and demonstration of standard correction procedures for all of the following: Fuel Warning / Instrument/ HUD Failure / Trapped Fuel / In-flight Engine Restart Procedures / Gear Malfunctions / Hydrazine Reset / INS Failures – Alignment Types (Normal Alignment and In-Flight Realignment) and Flameout Landing / Normal Operations: Ramp Start Procedures / Data Link Set Up / Tower Communications / Taxi, Takeoff, and Climb Procedures / Basic Navigational Procedures / Basic TWS Radar Functionality for Rejoin / Operational Checks / Landing Pattern (Straight In, Standard Pattern, Overhead Approach) / Missed Approach Procedures / Engine Flameout / Using the Bullseye / See CR-100 for more details on what student airmen are expected to perform using the info in GT-1.1 and GT-1.2.

2.2.7. GT – 1.4 Advanced Flight & Night Operations

2.2.7.1. Objectives: To introduce pilots to the limits of the F-16 flight envelope, advanced maneuvers, and horn awareness and recovery series. Demonstrate recovery from a deep stall, and the F-16 post stall flight envelope. To introduce pilots to night operations and procedures in the F-16See FT-102 and CR-200 for further details on what student pilots are expected to perform using GT-1.4. 2.2.7.2 Specific Tasks: To become proficient with Basic Pilot Maneuvers. The effects of low speed flight, including Horn Awareness Recovery Training (HART) and recovery from a departure. To develop an understanding of Standard and Emergency Recovery techniques. To prepare the pilot to demonstrate knowledge gained in ground school on all of the above topics by in-flight performance of evolutions with an Instructor Pilot

2.2.8. GT – 1.5 Navigation / Instrument Procedures

2.2.8.1. Objectives: Introduce student airmen to the navigation and IFR instruments and procedures. The GT-1.4 training material will cover everything the student will need to have sound tactical knowledge of the F-16 IFR systems. GT-1.4 is one of the largest sections of the GT training material because it’s the most complex of all the F-16 processes and procedures. After the students review the GT 1.4 documentation, they should be able to practice it’s concepts on their own. However, students will have FT-104 with an IP to practice the concepts and ask questions. GT-1.4 will also cover SIDS & STARS approach and departure charts, and explain the process for a ‘charted’ approach and departure. It’s highly recommended that students review the GT 1.4 material after FT-104 to solidify their understanding, prior to CR-105. 2.2.8.2. Specific Tasks: How-to perform a ILS landing / Navigate using only the HSI / Use the UFCs and the Back-Up systems of the F-16 / Manually entering TACAN channels / Entering Airbase TACANs & Air-to-Air TACANs / Enable/Disable Command Steering / Entering ILS frequencies and Courses / Demonstrate knowledge of the ILS cueing symbols on the HUD / ‘Heads-Down’ landing / Approachs/Departures - SIDS/STARS / Missed Approach procedures.


2.2.9. GT – 1.6 Tactical Formation Flying & Air Refueling

2.2.9.1. Objectives: Introduce pilots to Air to Air Refueling. All pilots should be able to demonstrate sound understanding of AAR procedures. The focus of GT-1.6 is to prepare students for Air to Air refueling flight with an IP. Students should be expected to understand and/or demonstrate any of the following tasks listed below. To understand and utilize Flight Formation Flying. To understand the techniques, terms, brevity and communication standards used in the various Flight Formations during this training period. Be able to demonstrate knowledge gained in ground school on all of the above topics by an in-flight performance of evaluations with an Instructor Pilot. 2.2.9.2. Specific Tasks: Air Refueling Comms/Brevity. Rendezvous w/ the tanker procedures. Refueling procedures. Connect to the tanker, and fly formation on the correct observation posts before/after tanking. Flying TacForm. Perform various TacTurns, such as the hook turns and shackle turns.

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2.3 Flight Training Overview

2.3.1. Flight Training Overview: Flight training includes both ‘FT’ (Flight Training) and ‘CR’ (Checkrides). Each official IQT flight will include a PDF Briefing that will thoroughly cover every portion of the flight, and a Mission Data Card (MDC) which the student should fill out prior to the flight. The PDF will cover all of the maneuvers that the student airmen will have to demonstrate. However, the PDF briefing will not cover the radio frequencies or TACAN channels, so the student will be expected to fill out the MDC prior to the flight.

2.3.2. Flight Training (FT): FT flights are tutorial flights designed to run the student through the difficult concepts of IQT. The IP will show the student everything that will be required in the following checkride. The FT flights also allow the student to ask the IP any questions, and get clarification on all of the subject matter. FT flights are basically a situation where the student can pick the brain of an IP for an hour and a half.

2.3.3. Checkrides (CR): Checkride flights are flights where students demonstrate to the IP that they perform the tasks described in the mission brief, and the concepts covered in the previous ground training docs and/or tutorial flights.

2.3.4. Flying Training Timeline: Mission sequence and prerequisites will be the appropriate formal course syllabus. Training will be completed within the time specified by the syllabus (90 Days), as approved. Failure to complete within the specified time limit requires notification through Training Command (27th VFS) with pilot’s name, rank, reason for delay, planned actions, and estimated completion date.

2.3.5. IP Supervision: Pilots in IQT will fly under IP supervision (dual or chased) until completing instrument qualification check ride. IP’s will track all IQT accomplishments and performances of the student airmen.

2.3.6. Basic Requirements: Formal course syllabus mission objectives and tasks are minimum requirements for IQT. However, additional training events, based on student proficiency and background, may be incorporated into the IQT program with authorization of Wing Command. Additional training due to student non-progression is available within the constraints of the formal course syllabus and may be added at the discretion of Training Command.

2.3.7. Incomplete Missions: Incomplete Missions. If a student does not complete a mission, or performs well below any 1st VFW standards, may have to redo said mission if it is a ‘FT’ training flight, and definitely will have to redo the mission if it’s a ‘CR’. Also, if the student or IP has a CTD or a technical issue, he/she may be required to repeat the mission. In some circumstances, the student may be allowed to repeat the omitted portion of the incomplete mission in the next flight. In any situation, the IP will be the one who decides if the mission should be repeated.


2.3.8. Completed Missions/Repetitions: Completed Missions. Once a student completes a check ride, he/she should expect to demonstrate previous IQT material in subsequent flights. For example, if a student performs a Overhead Break during CR-100, the student will be expect to perform it in later training flights if brief as such.

2.3.9. Air Refueling: Air Refueling. Air refueling is incorporated early into IQT flights because it takes a lot of practice to for a new pilot to efficiently air refuel. The IP will brief the student if the flight will include air refueling. During the flight, the IP will give the student 15-20 minutes (depending on fuel) to try and connect with the tanker. The only flight where the student must be able air refuel is CR-105. It is highly recommended that the students practice air refueling offline. If the student does not know how to make a TE, he/she should use the “Air Refueling” training TE provided with Open Falcon.

2.3.10. Additional Flights: Additional IQT Flights. Student airmen may request an additional FT flight in preparation of the next checkride. As stated earlier in this document, the IP will even run the student through everything that he/she will be required to perform in the next checkride. The student will be responsible to contact any IP and schedule the flight. There is no limit to the amounts of additional flights a student can request and/or fly. After all, we want everyone to graduate.

2.3.11. Flight Duration: Every flight will have a different duration. The FT and CR PDF briefings will include an estimate as to the duration of the flight, but that is only an estimate. For example, it may take one student longer to air refuel then another. Students should expect to have a minimum of 2hrs available for the flights.

2.3.12. Briefings: Student/IP Briefings. Students will not brief and lead FT flights. IP’s will lead and brief FT flights to give the student an example of how to brief and lead a flight. During FT flights, the IP retains lead of the flight and overall responsibility for the conduct of the mission.

2.3.12.1. Student Briefings: Student Brief. Students will be required to brief and lead all CR flights. Students are expected to perform a briefing that meets the standards of 1st VFW SOP briefings. Students will have access to an Example Briefing in the IQT download. During CR (checkrides), the IP will still give the student and/or flight instructions, but the student will retain control of the flight. If there are more then one person (in addition to the student and IP), the IP will give instructions to the student who will then make a directive call to his/her flight to execute the instructions given by the IP. Students are required to lead all CR flights so the IP can grade the student on his/her performance leading the flight. All IQT graduates are expected to be able to lead a flight. If a student airman has any questions about how to conduct a brief, or lead a flight, he/she should contact his/her IP.


2.4 Flight Training/Checkride Details

2.4.1. CR-100: Basic Operations Evaluation. 2.4.1.1. Objective: The goal of CR-100 is to confirm the student has reviewed the GT 1.1 and GT 1.2 training material, is familiar with the F-16 avionics displays and functions, and understands the normal and emergency operations of the F-16. 2.4.1.2. Specific Tasks: Thorough understanding of the F-16 cockpit, avionics, displays, and functionality / Give a description of certain cockpit functions or functionality / Ability to perform a ramp start correctly / Demonstrate proper ramp start brevity / Correct ground ops procedures and navigation / Taxi formations, and speed. / Hot pit refuel. See the CR-100 briefing for specific information.

2.4.2. CR-200: Normal & Emergency Operations / Advanced Flight & Night Ops 2.4.2.1. Objective: The objective of CR-200 is to confirm the student has a sound understanding of 1st VFW normal and emergency operations, and he F-16 advanced flight envelope and night ops. 2.4.2.2. Specific Tasks: Runway Lineup Procedures / Takeoff Brevity / Single-Ship Takeoff / Two-Ship Formation Takeoff / Understands basic emergency procedures (Warning Panel Lights/Indications, Flame-Out, Airstart Procedure, Engine Fire/Overheat, Activated EPU, Hydraulic Failure, Main Generator Failure, Landing Gear Fails to Extend/Retract, FLCS Fault, Stall Recovery, Fuel Imbalance, Trapped Fuel, and Ejection Procedure). Night Takeoff / Rejoin procedures / Rejoin Brevity / Straight-In Approach / Overhead Approach Touch-and-Go / Simulated Flameout Landing / Formation Night Landing Full Stop

2.4.3. CR-300: Instrument Flying/Navigation and Air Refueling Evaluation. 2.4.3.1. Objective: CR-300 is designed to confirm that student airmen can fly in instrument conditions, navigate using solely their HSI/TACAN stations, and efficiently air-refuel. Student airmen will have to create a flight plan for CR-300 using only airbase and tanker TACANs. CR-300 is the last flight of IQT, so students can expect to be quizzed on earlier IQT concepts. 2.4.3.2. Specific Tasks: Create and follow a flight plan (see guidelines below) / Correctly fill-out a Data Card / Perform a Ramp Start / Connect to a KC-10 Tanker and take fuel / Perform NORU ONE Departure from Seoul Airbase / Perform an ILS Approach for RWY 05L at Sachon / Perform and Touch-and-Go from Sachon and follow the SACHON ONE Departure from Sachon / Navigate back to Seoul and perform a ILS Approach for RWY 19 at Seoul for a Touch-and-Go)/



2.4.4. CR-300 Evaluation Guidelines for Student Flight Plan The student must create their own flight plan following the guidelines set below. If the student did not create a Flight Plan and fill out a Data Card, the must reschedule his/her CR-300 evaluation flight until a Flight Plan has been created. Instructor Pilots are required to review the completed Data Card for CR-300 prior to the flight.

*IP’s will make sure the HSD flight plan cannot be used for navigation in this flight. CR-300 Flight Plan Guidelines: Perform a NORU ONE Departure from Seoul airbase. Rendezvous w/ Camel1 (KC-10 Tanker) at MALLIPO, using only the Tanker

TACAN and your FCR. Perform a Point Parallel or Fighter Turn Rendezvous w/ the tanker, and fill both you and your IP’s tanks.

Navigate to Sachon airbase using only ground based TACANs. Be sure to include the TACAN channels, radials you plan to intercept, etc… in your Data Card.

Perform the charted ILS Approach for RWY 05L at Sachon for a ‘Touch-and-Go’ Follow the SACHON ONE Departure from RWY 05L. Navigate back to Seoul Airbase using only ground based TACANs, and perform a

ILS Approach on RWY 19 for a ‘Touch-and-Go”. After the ILS approach at RWY 19, the IP will take control of the flight and have

you perform various TacTurns and formations, after which he will instruct you to land at Seoul to complete your CR-300 evaluation and graduate from IQT.

Flight Notes/Rules: The student may not use his HSD during the flight. The student must follow the

flight plan the student entered into the Data Card. If the student makes a mistake and diverts from his/her flight plan, the student needs to inform the IP and say what changes he/she needs to make to get back on course.

If the student finds the tanker but can’t connect, it will not result in a failure of the CR-300 flight. The student will need to get gas at Sachon if he/she was unable to take on fuel from the Camel1. In this case, the student’s PPC card will reflect that the student was unable to connect to the tanker, and be required to demonstrate this skill during MQT.

If the pilot crashes or significantly damages the aircraft, it will result in a failure of the CR evaluation flight.

See the IQT Student Download for the necessary charts, Data Card, and checklists for the CR-300 evaluation flight.


2.5 IQT Summary

3.1.1. Summary. IQT is designed to make all 1st VFW Basic Aircraft Qualified (BAQ) to ensure all of our flights are realistic. We can’t have realistic flights if some of our guys can’t do some of the basic mission operations. For example, if only one pilot can’t air-refuel, the entire mission could be compromised. It’s therefore, very important that all of our pilots complete IQT within the first 90 days of their acceptance into the 1st VFW. Everything about IQT is in place to ensure the student pilot graduates. There is no reason that anyone can’t graduate from IQT as long as they are willing to put in the time. Everything will be open book. Students can work in groups, or ask other pilots for answers to their questions, and even ask an IP to run them through a checkride. We highly recommend that students in IQT print out all of the checklists, approach/departure charts, and relevant airport charts. By doing so the student will have access to that information during their online IQT flights. If a student pilot fails to complete IQT within the first 90 days of their membership, he/she may be dropped from the roster. We all know that real life issues can get in the way, so we will always be willing to sit down and work with our members schedules, but it’s important that the student communicates with his/her IP and/or Training Command so we can work with the student. The only reason we will drop a student from the roster is if that student didn’t demonstrate a desire to complete IQT, or a blatant disregard to our SOPs. Furthermore, it’s important that our students know we are hear to help them. There are no stupid or embarrassing questions, and we will always treat our students with respect. Our online flights are better (and more fun) when we are flying with a bunch of guys, so we really do want to help our students graduate IQT. If you have any questions, comments, or concerns, please contact “Demo” via a PM in the forum, or an email to [email protected].



mailto:[email protected]

CHAPTER 3

POST IQT TRAINING COURSES

3.1 Mission Qualification Training (MQT)

3.1.1. General. Mission Qualification Training (MQT) is a unit developed training program that upgrades newly assigned IQT graduates to BMC/CMR to accomplish the unit mission. Each 1st VFW squadron will be responsible for their own MQT training program; therefore, each program will be specifically tailored to said unit’s tasking and/or primary mission. However, 1st VFW Training Command is still responsible for overall MQT uniformity and standards. The goal of 1st VFW Training Command is to ensure each squadron’s MQT training program meets the minimum requirement set by Wing Command, including squadron leadership. Applicable portions of MQT may be used to create a requalification program for pilots who have regressed from BMC/CMR to specifically address deficiencies which caused regression. MQT is a mix of classroom (ground) training, and flying training.

3.1.1.1. Standards/Duration. Unlike IQT, MQT does not have a set time in which the student must complete the course. Although MQT is not mandatory (but it’s highly recommended to all 1st VFW pilots), it would be in the best interest of squadron leadership and Training Command that IQT graduates complete MQT as soon as possible. 3.1.1.2. Restrictions. Pilots in MQT will not fly in FLAG-level exercises or Weapons School support sorties.

3.1.2. Objective. The objective of the MQT program is to train 1st VFW F-16 pilots up to Combat Mission Ready (CMR) status in air-to-air and air-to-surface multirole tasks in accordance with the squadron tasking. A MQT graduate should be competent in all of the F-16 roles. This means MQT graduates should be able effectively use all of the F-16 weapon systems, and have a basic understanding of air-to-air BFM/ACM tactics, and basic surface attack tactics. By receiving a combat mission ready status, all student airmen should be active and capable of completing his/her unit mission or tasking. 3.1.3. Combat Mission Ready. Combat Mission Ready is defined as 3.1.4. MQT Course Format. The MQT course consists of a specific set of training sorties plus checkrides (similar to IQT), and is divided in into air-to-ground and air-to-air phases. The air-to-air phase consists of BFM, ACM, Mutual Support, and Data Link capabilities in the air-to-air role. The air-to-ground phase includes basic surface attack tactics, weapon specific training (UGB, JDAM*, LGB, JSOW*, JASSM*, AGM, Rockets, BLUs, and CBUs), and the different air-to-ground


tasking for the F-16 (SEAD, DEAD, OCA Strike, CAS/FAC, etc..). The program is designed to confirm initial qualification training and provide limited exposure to more advanced missions as a preclude to continuation training. Each pilot must achieve performance standards prior to advancing to the next MQT sortie. Prior to beginning flight training in each phase, pilots receive training material, general briefings which cover phase objectives, employment techniques/procedures, common errors and rules of engagement. *JDAM, JSOW, and JASSM are not applicable to AF pilots. 3.1.5. Supervision. A squadron supervisor or instructor pilot us required on all MQT sorties (if the pilot wants the sortie to count for their MQT course). Pilots can fly MQT sorties without an IP (as practice), but will not be counted to over MQT course. 3.1.6. Interval. If more then 2-3 weeks has passed since the last MQT sortie, a pilot may be required to do a review flight covering earlier concepts (decided by squadron command). 3.1.4. MQT Completion. Following completion of MQT, a new pilot is certified as Combat Mission Ready (CMR). A more experienced MQT pilot assigned to a squadron in a position that has primary supervising staff functions that directly support flying is certified as Basic Mission Capable (BMC). As such, he should be familiarized in all, and may be qualified and proficient in some, of the primary missions tasked to the assigned unit and weapons systems. CMR positions are filled with pilots qualified and proficient in all the primary missions tasked to the assigned units and weapons system. With some allowable exceptions, all squadron flying positions are designated CMR. CMR pilots must maintain currencies, accomplish all core designated flight training (sorties and events), and all mission ground training. Failure to complete training or maintain currencies results in regression to a non-CM status that requires a tailored program to regain CMR status. While non-CMR, a pilot may perform missions in which the pilot is current, qualified, familiar, or proficient. The USAF (and 1st VFW) defines these terms as follows:

Current – Minimum frequency required to perform an event or sortie

safely. Qualified – Demonstrated capability to put appropriate ordnance on

target according to established criteria for an event. Familiar – Normally a minimum of six weapons deliveries for PGMs

and bombing events in a 12-month cycle. Proficient – Demonstrated ability to accomplish tasked event safely and

effectively; also requires currency in the event if applicable.


3.2 Continuation Training (CT)

3.2.1. Continuation Training Definition. CT is the highest tier in the training progression. CT is split into classroom (ground) training to include simulators and flying training (simulator defined as running a student (or pilot) through a checklist or set of scenarios which the student must state what to do in said scenario). CT has two aspects. The first consists of pilot training in such basic flying skills such as instruments or precision approach. This requirement has both live and simulator events. These skills ensure safe operation of the aircraft. The second aspect of CT consists of specific mission-related training required to accomplish the unit’s assigned missions. This aspect of CT is called the Ready Aircrew Program (RAP).

3.2.1.1. RAP. RAP focuses training on capabilities needed to accomplish a units’ core tasked missions. Each RAP qualification level is defined by a total number of RAP sorties broken down into mission types plus specfifc weapons qualifications and associated events. The total number of RAP sorties for a qualification level is the primary factor for maintaining an individual’s qualification level. RAP sorties are set out in an USAF (and 1st VFW) Air Force Instruction and updated and changed through a periodic (usually annual) RAP tasking message. The tasking message specifies type/mission sorties and event and weapons requirements of BMC and CMR inexperienced and experienced. These sorties and events are minimum requirements (total sorties are not supposed to be reduced) and may be increased based on individual pilot utilization and qualification. The squadron commander determines qualification in a mission. The commander’s first priority is to train all designated pilots to CMR.

3.2.2. Squadron Specific CT. F-16 squadrons build their flying hour program for training on the number of sorties needed to accomplish mission-related continuation training. Inexperienced pilots are allocated more sorties than are experienced ones. Units are expected to design training programs to achieve the highest degree of combat readiness consistent with flight safety and resource availability. Training must balance the need for realism against the expected threat, pilot capabilities, and safety. Unit flying hour programs are built on sorties needed to accomplish training. Inexperienced pilots (fewer than 600 hours) are allocated more sorties to maintain BMC and CMR status. As shown in Table C.1, in general, 72 sorties for inexperienced and 60 sorties for experienced pilots make up the annual sortie requirement for BMC and 116 and 96, respectively, make up the annual requirement for CMR.

3.2.2.1. Sorties. Mission sorties consume the bulk of the sortie allocation. The squadron commander can vary the mission sortie mix based on individual pilot needs and has a number of sorties reserved for specifying training. Additional sorties are allocated to maintain a required number of pilots with special capabilities. Proficiency and qualification in tactical events (e.g., chaff, flare, secure voice, air refueling) and weapons qualification are to be gained while flying mission sorties. As a general rule, only one mission can be flown per


sortie. However, if an air-to-air refueling occurs, a new mission can be accomplished afterward. To these annual sorties are added collateral or cost-of-business sorties (functional check flights, ferry flights, incentive/orientation flights, deployments, air shows) and attrition sorties (poor weather, air aborts, etc.).

3.3 Fighter Weapons School (FWS)

3.4.1. History. Since its establishment in 1949 the United States Air Force Weapons School (USAFWS)--Fighter Gunnery School as it was named back then--has provided higher- level education and instruction to America's best fighter pilot instructors. The current institution consists of twelve functional divisions representing the majority of USAF aircraft and weapons systems. The USAF WS's divisions include: A-10, F- 1 5C, F- 16C, F-15E, B-1 ,B-52, HH-60, C-130, Command and Control, Space, and Intelligence systems. Since its inception, the F-16 Division has nearly doubled its flying and academic syllabus from three months with twenty-one sorties to the current syllabus of just under six months with thirty-nine sorties (USAF Weapons Instructor Course F-16 1997). As with any educational institution, WSF continues an ongoing evolution within its syllabus designed to integrate the abundance of newly emerging technologies and missions for the multirole F-16. While tailoring their syllabus to meet the demands of operational growth, they must keep in focus the purpose of the F- 16 Division. The WSF mission is to ensure that: "The WS graduate possesses the knowledge and skills necessary to provide weapons, weapons related systems, and tactics expertise at the squadron, wing and headquarters level. Furthermore, the graduate is highly versed in communication skills and effective instructional techniques both in the academic and flying environment.

3.4.2. 1st VFW Fighter Weapons School. The current WSF flying syllabus is comprised of 20 flying missions. Each mission is aligned into one of eleven phases of execution:



Basic Fighter Maneuvers (BFM), Air Combat Maneuvering (ACM), Tactical Intercepts (TI), Air Combat Tactics (ACT), Air-to-Air Weapons Employment (AAWE), Surface Attack (SA), Surface Attack Tactics (SAT), Close Air Support (CAS), Weapons (WPN), Force Protection (FP),and Mission Employment (ME). Detailed specifics of each mission or phase are given in the current 1st VFW Fighter Weapon School Syllabus, September, 2008 (restricted to qualified pilots/CLASSIFIED). Flying phases and their respective missions are aligned in a building-block approach from course start to course finish. Phases with respective night employment missions include TI, SA, SAT, CAS and WPNs. New to this proposal is the term "instructional block,” in which the current syllabus phases are aligned. An instructional block is a course of training focused on teaching the instruction and execution of a specific set of employment skills in the F-16.

The three instructional blocks within the revised syllabus framework are the instruction of: 1 F- 16 Mission Fundamentals 2 F-16 Night Employment 3 F-16 Combat Mission Execution

3.4.2.1. Each mission within these blocks has a mission briefing, typically lasting fifty minutes to one hour. Briefings are labeled either "Instructional," meaning: that instruction is provided throughout to facilitate mission accomplishment, or "Go to War," meaning that the briefing covers mission execution and contingency specifics only. Mission planning, debrief, and analysis are always instructional in format. As mentioned previously, the proposed syllabus flow is designed to reduce student-based attrition, by maximizing student proficiency. These and additional terms are defined as follows: 3.4.2.2. Flying Continuity: A measure of the down-time between flying repetitive or related missions or executing a specific set of tactical employment skills. 3.4.2.3. Scheduling Effectiveness: A numerical representation of lost student sortie opportunities. A mission requiring one instructor sortie per student sortie and flown as such has a 100 percent scheduled effectiveness. A syllabus directed four-ship mission, with the same one-to-one instructor-student requirement, flown with three instructors and only one student, instead of two, has a scheduling effectiveness of 50 percent since only one-half of the potential student sorties available were flown. This inefficiency occurs when there are not enough students available to fill the scheduled missions. Student-based attrition

-creates this dilemma. Students on busts must refly that mission, so they are not available to progress and fill the scheduled subsequent ride with their classmates.

3.4.3. FWS Syllabus. We use an actual USAFWS (modified) syllabus. 1st VFW Wing Command has contacts in the USAFWS, so we are able to create a FWS syllabus that mirrors (as much as possible) the real FWS syllabus (they actually dropped the F in FWS and changed it to WS-meaning weapons school). However, because of the value of that information, we do not share it openly with all wing members, as it is restricted to qualified pilots. Here is a quick look at a real FWS syllabus from 1997:

1st Virtual Fighter Wing - www.1stvfw.com 25More details regarding 1st VFW FWS is restricted to qualified pilots.

3.4.4. FWS Restrictions. We are not allowed to post or share certain documents that we got from our friends in the military. However, we can use those docs as a guide and/or outline to create our own training program.

3.4 Replacement Training Unit (RTU)

3.5.1. Syllabus. The RTU syllabus is still a work-in-progress. Thanks to Jammer’s old contacts in the real “Lucky Snipers” USMC F-5 aggressor squadron, we have the real course material and will build the syllabus off that material. Details Coming Soon.

3.5.2. Introduction. Congratulations on your selection to the VAS-401 “Lucky Snipers”. You will find the mission and flying during your time here to be both exciting and challenging. The Ready Room is a highly trained and professional cadre that will demand a great deal of you, while always being available to help you in any capacity. This IUT syllabus is designed to expose you to all tools needed to perform our mission successfully and to ensure that the Saints maintain the highest level of adversary expertise anywhere in the world. The syllabus will require a great deal of personal time and hard work, but the end product speaks for itself.

3.5.3. Objectives. Overall goals of the syllabus are as follows:

1. Develop superior brief, lead, and debrief skills. 2. Gain proficiency in all aspects of F-5 employment. 3. Learn to expertly simulate a variety of threats. 4. Further knowledge of FA-16 weapons systems and missions. 5. Demonstrate proficiency in all requisite adversary instructor responsibilities, and

conduct a variety of mission types safely and effectively.

3.5.4. Adversary Training Program Management. The Training Department will define the syllabus. The Operations Department will administer the syllabus as directed by the Training Officer, who is responsible for ensuring each IUT is efficiently tracking through the syllabus. The Training Officer will monitor the syllabus for standardization and accuracy. The Stan Board will monitor individual performance and make overall recommendations to the Commanding Officer for Adversary Level qualification upgrades. All VFC-13 aircrew will conform to syllabus requirements as delineated in this document. However, the Commanding Officer may waive any requirement as he deems necessary.

3.5.5. Program prerequisites. This syllabus is designed for aircrew with a strike-fighter background but with no previous adversary experience. For those pilots with previous adversary experience, the syllabus may be reduced to commensurate with their experience and performance. The syllabus is amended slightly for VFC-13 NFOs. Each portion of the syllabus contains notes regarding NFO requirements for qualification. Currency to fly any event will be in accordance with reference (b).


3.5.6. Adversary Qualifications. The following qualifications are in accordance with references (a) and (c).

3.5.6.1. Level I Adversary Instructor Under Training. Level I IUTs are aircrew who are new to the command and not yet qualified in any adversary mission area. The Level I syllabus is designed to introduce the IUT to the F-16 and the adversary mission. All Level I syllabus missions are to be flown with an IHI in the flight. Upon completion of the Level I syllabus, the aircrew will be designated as a Level I by the Commanding Officer and can fly as an Adversary Wingman in support of fleet training.

3.5.6.2. Level II Adversary Instructor Under Training. Level II IUTs are those aviators who have completed the Level I syllabus. The Level II syllabus is designed to prepare the IUT to become an Adversary Element Lead. Upon completion of the Level II syllabus, the aircrew will be designated as a Level II by the Commanding Officer and can fly as an Adversary Element Lead on multi-plane missions, and lead FRS 1 v 1 and 2 v 2 missions.

3.5.6.3. Level III Adversary Instructor Under Training. Level III IUTs are experienced Level II aircrews who have completed an FRS detachment. Upon completion of the Level III upgrade syllabus, aircrew will be designated by the Commanding Officer and can fulfill all the duties of a Level II with the additional ability to lead FRS X v X sorties. 3.5.6.4. Level IV Adversary Instructor Under Training. Level IV IUTs are experience Level III aircrew that have completed at least one SFARP and CVW detachment as either a Level II or III. Upon completion of the Level IV upgrade syllabus, aircrew will be designated by the Commanding Officer and be qualified to act as the Mission Commander for any adversary mission. 3.5.6.5. Level IVi Adversary Instructor. Those designator as Level VIi Adversary Instructors are those aircrew who are designated Level IV Adversary Pilots, have accumulated a minimum of 100 hours in the F-16C/D, have been recommended by the Standardization Board and designated by the Commanding Officer. Level IVi’s are qualified to instruct all adversary qualification syllabus missions.

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INTENTIONALLY - SEE NEXT PAGE


3.5 IQT Instructor Qualification / Applicants

3.6.1. IQT IP Application. Honor graduates of IQT can request to be an IQT Instructor Pilot, without approval from Training Command or Wing Command. Wing Command does reserve the right to override an IQT honor graduates request to be an IQT IP. Non-Honor IQT graduates must apply to be an IQT IP by submitting an email application to their IP. The IP will then forward the email to Training Command and/or Wing Command. Wing Command/Training Command will take into consideration the applicant’s performance during the IQT course, and depending on the current number of IQT IPs, will approve or disapprove the request. The application process is completely subjective to Wing Command, and not all applications are guaranteed to be approved. If an applicant’s request to be a IP doesn’t get approved the first time, he or she may make another request after 90 days of the first request.



CHAPTER 5

Definitions/References/Appendix

4.1 Training Material Overview

4.1.1. Organization. The IQT download includes several sub folders (IQT 1, 2, and 3). Each folder contains ALL the information needed for each checkride (CR-100, CR-103, CR-105). Everything student airmen will need to successfully complete each checkride in the IQT course, however, student airmen are encouraged to find and use outside resources. If a student airmen doesn’t know if the resource they are using is realistic, he/she should check with his/her IQT IP. *If anyone finds a helpful IQT resource, please email Demo at [email protected].

4.1.2. GT-1.1:

GT-1.1 Power Point – Cockpit Familiarization. MS power point presentation detailing all the features of the cockpit and its switches/toggles/and buttons.

F-16 MLU Guide volume 1 & 2 (PDF) – Very detailed manual for the F-16 and its systems.

GT-1.1 Links – Links to various interactive F-16 cockpit resources.

4.1.3. GT-1.2: GT-1.2 Power Point – Normal & Emergency Operations. MS power point detailing how to do a ramp start, takeoff, land, basic stall recovery, rejoin procedures, and basic brevity codes. Combat Checklists (PDF) – Normal & Emergency Checklists. These checklists should be used as the guide for all ramp start and emergency checklists.

4.2 Multi-Service Brevity Codes

ABORT(ING)(ED) - Directive/informative to cease action/attack/event/mission. ACTION - Directive to initiate a briefed attack sequence or maneuver. ACTIVE - An emitter is radiating. ADD( ) - Directive call to add a specific (system) or (EOB category) to search responsibility. ALARM - Directive/informative indicating the termination of EMCON procedures. ALLIGATOR - Link-11/ TADIL A. ALPHA CHECK - Request for/confirmation of bearing and range to described point.


ANCHOR(ED) - Orbit about a specific point; refueling track flown by tanker. 2. Informative to indicate a turning engagement about a specific location. ANGELS - Height of friendly aircraft in thousands of feet ARIZONA - No ARM ordnance remaining. AS FRAGGED - Unit or element will be performing exactly as stated by the air taskingorder. AUTHENTICATE - To request or provide a response for a coded challenge. AUTOCAT - Any communications relay using automatic retransmissions. AZIMUTH - Two or more groups primarily separated in bearing. BANDIT - An aircraft identified as enemy, in accordance with theater ID criteria. The term does not necessarily imply direction or authority to engage. BANZAI - Informative or directive to execute launch and decide tactics. BASE (Number) Reference number used to indicate such information as headings, altitude, fuels, etc. BEAD WINDOW - Last transmission potentially disclosed unauthorized information. BEAM(ING) - Target stabilized within 70 to 110 degree aspect; (Direction) generally given with cardinal directions: east, west, north, south. BENT - System indicated is inoperative. BINGO - 1. Fuel state needed for recovery. 2. Proceed/ am proceeding to specified base (field) or carrier. BIRD - Friendly surface-to-air missile (SAM). BIRD(S) AFFIRM - S/A informative indicating unit is able and prepared to engage a specified target with SAMs (presumes target is within or will enter the SAM engagement envelope). BIRD(S) AWAY - Friendly SAM has been fired at designated target. BIRD(S) NEGAT - S/A informative indicating unit is unable to engage a specified target with SAMs. Opposite of BIRD(S) AFFIRM. BITTERSWEET - Notification of possible BLUE ON BLUE situation relative to a designated track or friendly aircraft. BLANK - A SEAD aircraft does not detect any emitters of interest. BLIND - No visual contact with friendly aircraft/ground position. Opposite ofVISUAL.


BLOW THROUGH - Directive/informative call that indicates aircraft will continue straight ahead at the merge and not turn with target/targets. BOGEY - A radar or visual air contact whose identity is unknown. BOGEY DOPE - Request for target information as briefed/available. BOX - Groups/contacts/formations in a square or offset square. BRAA - Tactical control format providing target bearing, range, altitude, and aspect, relative to a friendly aircraft. BRACKET - Indicates geometry where friendly aircraft will maneuver to a position on opposing sides, either laterally or vertically from the target. BREAK (Direction) - Directive to perform an immediate maximum performance turn in the direction indicated. Assumes a defensive situation. BREAKAWAY - Tanker or receiver directive call indicating immediate vertical and nose/tail separation between tanker and receiver is required. BREVITY - Radio frequency is becoming saturated/degraded or jammed and briefer transmissions must follow. BROADCAST - Request/directive to switch to broadcast control. BROKE LOCK - Loss of radar/IR lock-on (advisory). BRUISER - Friendly air launched anti-ship missile (ASM) (e.g., HARPOON, EXOCET, PENGUIN). BUDDY LOCK - Locked to a known friendly aircraft. Normally a response to a “SPIKED” OR “BUDDY SPIKE” call and accompanied with position/heading/altitude. BUDDY SPIKE - Friendly aircraft air-to-air indication on RWR. To be followed by position/heading/altitude. BUGOUT - Separation from that particular engagement/attack/operation; (Direction) no intent to reengage/return. BULLDOG - Friendly surface/submarine launched anti-ship missile (ASM) (e.g., HARPOON, EXOCET, OTOMAT). BULLSEYE - An established point from which the position of an object can be referenced. Made by cardinal/range or digital format. BUMP/BUMP UP - A fly-up to acquire LOS to the target or laser designation. BURN GLINT - used to provide illumination. BUSTER - Directive call to fly at max continuous speed (military power).


BUZZER - Electronic communications jamming. CANDYGRAM - Informative call to aircraft that EW targeting information is available on a briefed secure net. CAP/CAPPING - 1. Directive call to establish an (Location) orbit at a specified location. 2. An orbit at a specified location. CAPTURED - Aircrew has identified and is able to track a specified A/G target with an on-board sensor. CEASE - In air defense, break the ENGAGEMENT engagement on the target specified. Missiles in flight will continue to intercept. CEASE FIRE - Do not open fire or discontinue firing; complete intercept if weapons are in flight; continue to track. CHAMPAGNE - An attack of three distinct groups with two in front and one behind. CHATTERMARK Begin using briefed radio procedures to counter communications jamming. CHEAPSHOT - 1. (USAF) Active missile supported to high PRF but not medium PRF. 2. (Naval) Active missile not supported to active range. CHECK - Turn ( ) degrees left or right and maintain new heading. (LEFT/RIGHT) CHERUBS - Height of a friendly aircraft in hundreds of feet. CHICKS - Friendly aircraft. CLEAN - 1. No radar contacts on aircraft of interest. 2. No visible battle damage. 3. Aircraft not carrying external stores. CLEARED - Requested action is authorized (no engaged/support roles are assumed). CLEARED HOT - Ordnance release is authorized. CLOAK - Directive/informative switch from normal external lighting to covert NVD only compatible lighting. CLOSING - Decreasing in range. COLD - 1. Attack geometry will result in a pass or roll out behind the target.. 2. On a leg of the CAP pointed away from the anticipated threats. 3. Group(s) heading away from friendly aircraft. COLOR - Request for information on a (System/Position) (system) at stated location; usually a request for ambiquity resolution. May be used with IDM data message - COLOR, DATA


COMEOFF - Directive to maneuver as indicated to either regain (Left/Right/ mutual support or to deconflict flight paths for an exchange of Low/Dry) engaged and supporting roles. Implies both VISUAL and TALLY. COMMIT(TED) - Fighter intent to engage/intercept; controller continues to provide information. CONFETTI - Chaff lane or corridor. CONS/CONNING - Threat/bogey aircraft leaving contrails. CONTACT - 1. Sensor contact at the stated position. 2. Acknowledges sighting of a specified reference point. CONTINUE - Continue present maneuver, does not imply clearance to engage or expend ordnance. CONTINUE DRY - Ordnance release not authorized. COVER(ING)* - Directive/Informative to take S/A action or establish an A/A posture that will allow engagement of a specified target or threat. CRANK - F-Pole maneuver; implies illuminating target at radar gimbal (Direction) limits. CUTOFF - Request for, or directive to, intercept using cutoff geometry. CYCLOPS - Any UAV. DASH (#) - Aircraft position within a flight. Use if specific callsign is unknown. DATA - Standby for IDM data message (Object/Position) concerning at (object) stated location. DEADEYE - Informative call by an airborne laser designator indicating the laser/IR system is inoperative. DECLARE - Inquiry as to the indentification of a specified track(s), target(s), or correlated group. DEFENSIVE - Aircraft is in a defensive position and maneuvering with (Spike/Missile/ reference to the stated condition. SAM/Mud/AAA) DE-LOUSE - Directive to detect and identify unknown aircraft trailing friendly aircraft. DEPLOY - Directive to maneuver to briefed positioning. DIVERT - Proceed to alternate mission/base. DOLLY - Link-4A/TADIL C DRAG(ING) - 1. (AF) Target stabilized at 0-60 degrees aspect.


(Direction) 2. (Naval) Target stabilized at 120-180 degrees aspect. DROP(ING) - 1. Directive/informative to stop monitoring a specified emitter/target and resume search responsibilities. 2. Remove the emitter/target from tactical picture/track stores. DUCK* - Tactical Air Launched Decoy (TALD). ECHELON - Groups/contacts/formation with wingman displaced approximately 45 degrees behind leader’s 3/9 line. ECHO - Positive SEESAW/EWWS/ System M/Mode X reply. ENGAGED - Maneuvering with the intent to kill. Implies visual/radar acquisition of target. ESTIMATE - Provides estimate of the size, range, height, or other parameter of a specified contact; implies degradation. EXTEND - Short term maneuver to gain energy, distance, or separation; (Direction) normally with the intent of re-engaging. EYEBALL( ) - 1. Fighter with primary visual identification responsibility. 2. EO/IR/NVD acquisition of an aircraft. Normally followed by ( ) number of aircraft observed. FADED - Radar contact is lost. (Termination of track plotting is not warranted.) FAST* - Target speed is estimated to be 600 knots ground speed/mach 1 or greater. FATHER TACAN - station. FEET WET/DRY - Flying over water/land. FENCE (In/Out) - Set cockpit switches as appropriate prior to entering/exiting the combat area. FLANK(ING) - 1. (USAF) Target with a stable aspect of 120 to 150 degrees. 2. (Naval) Target with stable aspect of 30 to 60 degrees. FLASH - (System) Temporarily turn on prebriefed IFF mode or system. FLOAT - Directive/informative to expand the formation laterally within visual limits to maintain a radar contact or prepare for a defensive response. FOX - (Number) Simulated/actual launch of air-to-air weapons. ONE - semi-active radar-guided missile. TWO - infrared-guided missile. THREE - active radar-guided missile. FOX MIKE - VHF/FM radio. FRIENDLY - A positively identified friendly contact.


FURBALL - A turning fight involving multiple aircraft with known BANDITs and FRIENDLIES mixed. GADGET - Radar or emitter equipment. GATE - Directive/informative to fly as quickly as possible, using afterburner/ max power. GIMBAL - Radar target is approaching azimuth or elevation limits. (Direction) GO ACTIVE - Go to briefed Have Quick net. GO CLEAR - Use unencrypted voice communications. GOGGLE - Directive/informative to put DEGOGGLE on/take off NVD’s. GORILLA – Large force of indeterminate numbers and formation. GO SECURE - Use encrypted voice communications. GRANDSLAM - All HOSTILE aircraft of a designated track (or against which a mission was tasked) are shot down. GREEN (Direction) - Direction determined to be clearest of enemy air-to-air activity. GREYHOUND - Friendly ground attack cruise missile (e.g. TLAM, CALCM). GROUP - Radar targets within approximately 3 NM of each other. GUNS - An air-to-air or air-to-surface gunshot. HARD (Direction) - High-G, energy sustaining turn. HEAD - 1. (USAF) Target with an HEAD ON aspect aspect of 160 to 180 degrees. 2. (Naval) Target with an aspect of 0 to 20 degrees. HEADS UP - Alert of an activity of interest. HEAVY* - A group or package known to contain three or more entities. HIGH* - Between 25,000 and 40,000 ft MSL. HIT(S) - 1. (A/A) Momentary radar return(s) in search. (Indicates approximate altitude information from fighter.) 2. (A/G) Weapons impact within lethal distance. HOLD DOWN - Directive to key transmitter for DF steer. HOLDING HANDS - Aircraft in visual formation. HOLD FIRE - An emergency fire control order used to stop firing on a designated target, to include destruction of any missiles in flight.


HOME PLATE - Home airfield or carrier. HOOK (Left/Right) - Directive to perform an in-place 180 degree turn. HOSTILE* - A contact identified as enemy upon which clearance to fire is authorized in accordance with theater rules of engagement. HOT. - 1. Attack geometry will result in roll out in front of the target. 2. On a leg of the CAP pointing toward the anticipated threats. 3. Group heading towards friendly aircraft. Opposite of COLD. 4. Ordnance employment intended or completed. HOTDOG - Informative/directive call that an aircraft is approaching or at a specified stand-off distance from the sovereign airspace of a nation (as defined by national boundaries or territorial sea and airspace). (COLOR may indicate additional standoff distance.) Follow briefed procedures. HOTEL FOX - HF radio HUSKY - (Naval) AIM-120 supported to HPRF active. Same as USAF CHEAPSHOT. ID - 1. Directive to identify the target. 2. ID accomplished, followed by type. IN (Direction) - Informative indicating a turn to a hot aspect relative to a threat/target. INDIA - Mode IV. INTERROGATE - Interrogate the designated contact of the IFF mode indicated. JACKAL - Surveillance network participating group (NPG) of Link 16/TADIL J. JOKER* - Fuel state above BINGO at which separation/bugout/event termination should begin. JUDY - Aircrew has radar/visual contact on the correct target, has taken control of the intercept and only requires situation awareness information. Controller will minimize radio transmissions. KILL - 1. Clearance to fire. 2. In training, a fighter call to indicate kill criteria have been fulfilled. KNOCK IT OFF - Directive to cease air combat maneuvers/attacks/activities. LADDER - Three or more groups/contacts in range. LASER ON - Directive to start laser designation. LEAD-TRAIL - Tactical formation of two contacts within a group separated in range or following one another. LEAKER(S) - Airborne threat has passed through a defensive layer. Call should include amplifying information. LINE ABREAST - Two contacts within a group side-by-side.


LIGHTS ON/OFF - Directive to turn on/off exterior lights. LOCKED - Final radar lock-on; sort is not assumed. (BRAA/Direction) LOST CONTACT - Radar contact lost. (DROP track is recommended). LOST LOCK - Loss of radar/IR lock-on (advisory). LOW* - Target altitude below 10,000 ft AGL. MAGNUM - Launch of friendly antiradiation missile. MAPPING - Multi-function radar in an A/G mode. MARKING - Friendly aircraft leaving contrails. MARSHAL(ING) - Establish(ed) at a specific point. MEDIUM* - Target altitude between 10,000 ft AGL and 25,000 ft MSL. MERGE(D) - 1. Information that friendlies and targets have arrived in the same visual arena. 2. Call indicating radar returns have come together. MICKEY - Have Quick Time-of-Day (TOD) signal. MIDNIGHT - Informative advising that C2 functions are no longer available. Opposite ofSUNRISE. MONITOR - Maintain radar awareness on or assume responsibility for specified group. MOTHER - Parent ship. MUD - Indicates RWR ground threat displayed followed by clock (Type/Direction) position and type. MUSIC - Electronic radar jamming. (On AI radar, electronic deceptive jamming.) NAILS - RWR indication of AI radar in search. Add clock position/azimuth, if known. NAKED - No RWR indications. NEW PICTURE - Used by controller or aircrew when tactical picture has changed. Supersedes all previous calls and re-establishes picture for all players. NO FACTOR - Not a threat. NO JOY - Aircrew does not have visual contact with the target/bandit/ landmark. Opposite of TALLY.


NOTCH - All-aspect missile defensive maneuver to place threat radar/missile (Direction) on the beam. OFF (Direction) - Informative call indicating attack is terminated and maneuvering to the indicated direction. OFFSET - Informative call indicating maneuver in a specified direction with (Direction) reference to the target. ON STATION - Informative unit/aircraft has reached assigned station. OPENING - Increasing in range. OUT (Direction) - Informative indicating a turn to a cold aspect relative to the threat. Opposite of IN. OUTLAW - Informative call that a bogey has met point of origin criteria. PACKAGE - Geographically isolated collection of groups/contacts/formations. PADLOCKED - Informative call indicating aircrew cannot take eyes off an aircraft or surface position without risk of losing TALLY/VISUAL. PAINT(S) – Interrogated group/radar contact that is responding with any of the specified IFF modes and correct codes established for the ID criteria. PARROT - IFF transponder. PICTURE - Provide tactical situation status pertinent to mission. PIGEONS - Magnetic bearing and range to HOMEPLATE (or specified (Location) destination). PINCE/PINCER - Threat maneuvering for a bracket attack PITBULL - 1. Informative AIM-120 is at MPRF active range. 2. AIM-54 at active range. PLAYMATE - Cooperating aircraft. PLAYTIME - Amount of time aircraft can remain on station. POGO - Switch to communication channel number preceding POGO. If unable to establish communications, switch to channel number following POGO - If no channel number follows POGO, return to this channel. POP - 1. Starting climb for air-to-surface attack. 2. Max performance climb out of low altitude structure. POPEYE - Flying in clouds or area of reduced visibility.


POPUP - Informative call of a contact that has suddenly appeared inside of meld/CCR/briefed range. POSIT - Request for position; response in terms of a geographic landmark, or off a common reference point. POST ATTACK - Directive transmission to indicate desired direction after completion (Direction) of intercept/engagement. POST HOLE - Rapid descending spiral. PRESS - Directive to continue the attack; mutual support will be maintained. Supportive role will be assumed. PRINT - (Type) Unambiguous NCTR reply. PUMP - A briefed maneuver to low aspect to stop closure on the threat or geographical boundary with the intent to re-engage. PURE - Informative indicating pure pursuit is being used or directive to go pure pursuit. PUSH - (Channel) Go to designated frequency. No acknowledgment required PUSHING - Departing designated point. PUSHING - Informative that said group(s) have turned cold and will continue (Group description) to be monitored. RANGE* - Two or more groups separated primarily separated in distance along the same bearing. RAYGUN - Indicates a radar lock-on to unknown aircraft. A request for a (Position/Heading/ “BUDDY SPIKE” reply from friendly aircraft meeting these Altitude) parameters(to prevent fratricide). REFERENCE - Directive to assume stated heading. (Direction) REPORTED - Identification of an object or a contact by an intelligence system. (Type) RESET - Proceed to a prebriefed position or area of operation. RESUME - Resume last formation/station/ mission ordered. RETROGRADE - Directive to withdraw from present position or area of operation in response to a threat. RIDER - A bogey that is conforming with safe passage routing/airspeed/altitude procedures. RIFLE - AGM-65 MAVERICK launch.


RIPPLE - Two or more munitions released or fired in close succession. ROLEX (+/- Time) - Timeline adjustment in minutes from planned mission execution time. (Plus means later; minus means earlier). ROPE - Illumination of an aircraft with an IR pointer. SADDLED - Informative from wingman/element indicating the return to briefed formation position. SAM (Direction) - Visual acquisition of a SAM or SAM launch, should include position. SANDWICHED - A situation where an aircraft/element positioned between opposing aircraft/elements. SAUNTER - Fly at best endurance. SCRAM - Emergency directive to egress for defensive or survival reasons. (Direction) SCRAMBLE - Takeoff as quickly as possible. SCUD - Any threat TBM. SEPARATE - Leave a specific engagement; may or may not reenter. SHACKLE - One WEAVE, a single crossing of flight paths; maneuver to adjust/regain formation parameters. SHADOW - Follow indicated target. SHIFT - Directive to shift laser illumination. SHOOTER - Aircraft/unit designated to employ ordnance. SHOTGUN - Prebriefed weapons state at which separation/bugout should begin. SKATE - Informative/directive to execute launch and leave tactics. SKIP IT - Veto of fighter commit, usually followed with further directions. SKOSH - Aircraft is out of/or unable to employ active radar missiles. SKUNK - A radar or visual maritime surface contact whose identity is unknown. SLAPSHOT - Directive for an aircraft to employ a range unknown HARM (Type/Bearing) against a specified threat at the specified bearing. SLIDE - Directive call to HVAA to continue present mission while extending range from target in response to perceived threat.


SLOW* - Target with a ground speed of 300 knots or less. SMASH - Directive to turn on/off anti-collision lights. SMOKE - Smoke marker used to mark a position. SNAKE - Directive to oscillate an IR pointer about a target. SNAP - (Direction) An immediate vector to the group described. SNIPER - Directive for an aircraft to employ a range-known HARM against a specified threat at the specified location. SNOOZE - Directive/informative indicating initiation of EMCON procedures. SORT - Directive to assign responsibility within a group; criteria can be met visually, electronically (radar) or both. SORTED - Sort responsibility has been met. SOUR - 1. Equipment indicated is operating inefficiently. 2. Invalid response to an administrative IFF check. (Opposite of SWEET) SPADES - An interrogated group/radar contact which lacks the ATO (or equivalent) IFF modes and codes required for the ID criteria. SPARKLE - Target marking by IR pointer. Target marking by gunship or FAC-A using incendiary rounds. SPIKE RWR indication of an AI threat in track, launch, or unknown mode. Include bearing/clock position and threat type, if known. SPIN - Directive/informative to execute a prebriefed timing/spacing maneuver. SPITTER - An aircraft that has departed from the engagement or is departing (Direction) the engaged fighters targeting responsibility. SPLASH - 1. (A/A) Target destroyed. 2. (A/G) Weapons impact. SPLIT - An informative call that a flight member is leaving formation to engage a threat; visual may not be maintained. SPOOFING - Informative that voice deception is being employed. SPOT* - Acquisition of laser designation. SQUAWK ( ) - Operate IFF as indicated or IFF is operating as indicated. SQUAWKING - An informative call denoting a bogey is responding with an IFF mode (Mode #) STACK - Two or more groups/contacts/ formations with a high/low altitude separation in relation to each other.


STATUS - Request for tactical situation. STEADY - Directive to stop oscillation of IR pointer. STEER - Set magnetic heading indicated. STERN - Request for, or directive to, intercept using stern geometry. STINGER - Within a group, a formation of three or more aircraft with a single aircraft in trail. STOP - Stop IR illumination of a target. STRANGER - Unidentified traffic that is not associated with the action in progress. STRANGLE ( ) - Turn off equipment indicated. STRIP - Individual fighter/section is leaving the formation to pursue separate attacks. STRIPPED - Informative call from wingman/element indicating out of briefed formation/position. STROBE - Radar indications of noise jamming. SUNSHINE - Directive or informative indicating illumination of target is being conducted with artificial illumination. SUNRISE - Informative C2 functions are available (opposite of MIDNIGHT). SWEET - 1. Equipment indicated is operating efficiently. 2. Valid response to an administrative IFF check. (Opposite of SOUR) SWITCH(ED) - Indicates an attacker is changing from one aircraft to another. TACTICAL - Request/directive to switch to tactical control. TAG - (System, Known identification of a specific (system) at the stated location. W/Position) May be used with IDM data message, (e.g. “TAG DATA”). TALLY - Sighting of a target, bandit, bogey, or enemy position; opposite of NO JOY. TARGET ( ) - Directive to assign group responsibility to aircraft in a flight. TARGETED ( ) - Group responsibility has been met. TEN SECONDS - Directive to terminal controller to standby for LASER ON call in approximately 10 seconds. TERMINATE - 1. Stop laser illumination of a target. 2. Cease local engagement without affecting the overall exercise.


THREAT - Untargeted HOSTILE/BANDIT/BOGEY within prebriefed range/ (Direction) aspect of a friendly. THROTTLES - Reduction in power to decrease IR signature. TIED - Positive radar contact with element/aircraft. TIGER - Enough fuel and ordnance to accept a commit. TIMBER - Air control NPG of Link 16/TADIL J. TRACKING - 1. Stabilized gun solution. 2. Continuous illumination of a target. 3. Contact heading. TRAILER* - The last aircraft within a group(s). TRASHED - Informative call that missile has been defeated. TRESPASS - The addressed flight is entering a S/A threat ring of a specific (Position) system at the stated location. TUMBLEWEED - Indicates limited situational awareness; NO JOY; BLIND; a request for information. UNABLE - Cannot comply as requested/directed. UNIFORM - UHF radio. VAMPIRE - Hostile antiship missile (ASM). VERY HIGH* - Above 40,000 ft MSL. VIC - Three groups, contacts, or formations with the single closest in range and two contacts, azimuth split, in trail. VICTOR - VHF/AM radio. VISUAL - Sighting of a friendly aircraft/ground position; opposite of BLIND. WALL - Three or more groups or contacts primarily split in azimuth. WARNING (Color) - Hostile attack is— RED - imminent or in progress. YELLOW probable. WHITE improbable (all clear). WEAPONS ( ) Fire only— FREE at targets not identified as friendly in accordance with current ROE. TIGHT - at targets positively identified as hostile in accordance with current ROE. HOLD* (USA, USMC) in self-defense or in response to a formal order. SAFE (USN) NOTE: USN/NATO use “WEAPONS SAFE” to avoid confusion with the phrase “HOLD FIRE.” WEEDS - Indicates that aircraft are operating are operating close to the surface.


WHAT LUCK - Request for results of missions or tasks. WHAT STATE - Report amount of fuel and missiles remaining. Ammunition and oxygen are reported only when specifically requested or critical. ( ) Active = number of active radar missiles remaining ( ) Radar = number of semi-active radar missiles remaining. ( ) Heat = number of IR missiles remaining. ( ) Fuel = pounds of fuel or time remaining. WINCHESTER - No ordnance remaining. WORDS - Directive or interrogative regarding further information or directives pertinent to mission. WORKING - 1. A SEAD aircraft is gathering EOB on a designated emitter. Generally followed by signal type (SAM/AAA/group), bearing, and range, if able. 2. Aircraft executing EID on a specific aircraft/group to obtain identification necessary for BVR employment. YARDSTICK - Directive to use A/A TACAN for ranging.

4.3 Definitions This section will be updated shortly. See forum for any news on updates of this document. 4.4 Abbreviations

AAWE – Air-to-Air Weapons Employment ACC – Air combat Command ACM – Air Combat Maneuvering ACT – Air Combat Tactics BAQ – Basic Aircraft Qualified BFM – Basic Flight Maneuvers BMC – Basic Mission Capable BRAA – Bearing Range Altitude Aspect


BVR – Beyond Visual Range CAF – Combat Air Force CAS – Close Air Support CMR – Combat Mission Ready CT – Continuation Training CR - Checkride DCA – Defensive Counter Air FAC-(A) – Forward Air Controller-Airborne FL – Flight Training FP – Force Protection FW – Fighter Wing FWS – Fighter Weapons School GT – Ground Training HARM – Hi-Speed Anti-Radiation Missile HTS – Harm Targeting System IADS – Integrated Air Defense System IP – Instructor Pilot IPUG – Instructor Pilot Upgrade IQT – Initial Qualification Training LGB – Laser-Guided Bomb ME – Mission Employment MQT – Mission Qualification Training NVG – Night Vision Goggles


OCA – Offensive Counter Air PID – Positive Identification RTU – Replacement Training Unit SA – Surface Attack (or) Situational Awareness SAT – Surface Attack Tactics SEAD – Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses TE – Tactical Engagement TI – Tactical Intercepts USAFWS – United States Air Force Weapons School VID – Visual Identification WS - Weapons School WSF – F-16 Division, USAF

END OF PAFE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY - SEE NEXT PAGE


4.5 References Flying Operations, F-16 Combat Aircraft Fundamentals 11-F16 Vol. 5 F-16 A/B Mid-Life Update Production Tape M1/M2 - The Pilot’s Guide (Mar

2000) Multi-Command Handbook 11-F-16 Volume 5-F-16 – Combat Aircraft

Fundamentals Air Force Instruction 11-202, Vol. 1, 23 November 2005 – Flying Operations –

Aircrew Training Air Force Instruction 11-202, Vol. 3, 5 April 2006 – Flying Operations – General

Flight Rules Air Force Manual 11-249, 2 March 2007 – Flying Operations – T-37 Primary

Flying Naval Air Training Command – T-34 Instruction – P-357 (rev. 09-06) USAF - F-16C AN/APG – 68 (V5) - Operations Guide Multiservice Air-Air, Air-Surface, Surface-Brevity Codes – FM90-38 – MCRP –

NWP 6-02.1 USAF Instruction 11-2F-16, Vol. 2, 20 June 2006 – Flying Operations – F-16

Pilot Training F-16C Flight Manual, General Dynamics AF11-205 Cockpit & Formation Flight Signals AFI 11-2F-16 Vol. 3, F-16 Operations Procedures

. 4.6 Appendix

This section will be updated shortly. See forum for any news on updates of this document.

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