By Morgan J. Burris Lexington Middle School US History.
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Transcript of By Morgan J. Burris Lexington Middle School US History.
Note Page 40 “World War II Begins”
By Morgan J. Burris Lexington Middle School
US History
Pre-War Foreign Policy
- US focused on domestic issues
-extreme anti-war feelings
“Merchants of Death”
-Good Neighbor policy in Latin America
-Neutrality Acts
forbids arms sales to warring nations
-1937 Roosevelt gives Quarantine speech
-Weak League of NationsUS failed to joinInability to use force to
stop aggressive nations
France - War damaged - Need for security from
Germany - Strict enforcement of
the Versailles Treaty - Construction of the
Maginot Line
Lacarno Treaty - Pledge to keep the
peace in Europe - Kellogg-Briand Pact
signed later
Prelude to War:
Rise of Fascism• Combination of
Dictatorship & Totalitarianism
• Political, social, economic, cultural
control
• Mass appeal and propaganda
• Nationalistic
• Militaristic
• Opposed to communist ideals
• Wanted control through force
• Appealed to upper classes and existing
class order
Rise of Mussolini
Black Shirts - Private army- Intimidation
Mussolini gains in popularityCivil unrestBlack Shirts
Mussolini appointed - head of gov’t- Dictatorship begins- Civil liberties repressed
Rise of Nazi Party• Adolph Hitler
- German Workers Party
- Opposition to Socialists • Storm Troopers or Brown
Shirts
• Critic of Weimar Republic
• Beer hall Putsch fails –
Hitler jailed
• Writes “Mein Kampf”
- Nationalism
- Racism
- Lebensraum = living space
• Hitler and Nazi Party seek to take power legally after
Hitler’s prison term.
Rise of J. Stalin• Joseph Stalin
- Communist Russia
- Replaced V. Lenin
• Killed 20 million of his own in “Great Purge” for power.
• Totalitarian State.
• Five-Year Plans to industrial nation
• Hated Fascism!
• Will sign a secret treaty with Hitler / Poland.
• When Hitler turns on USSR, they will join Allied Side…
Totalitarianism
11
Japan’s Aggression
1937
-Japan invades Manchuria
-League of Nations ineffective
-Japan withdraws from the League
-Japan begins the conquest of China
- Wanted Natural Resources – Oil, timber, steel, etc….
- Feel they are racially superior over all of Asia
13
Hitler’s Pre-War Actions
-Starts the Rearmament of Germany, 1933
-violated Versailles Treaty
-Withdrawal from the League of nations
-Occupation of the Rhineland
-Alliance with Italy
-Annexation of Austria, 1938
-goal of uniting all German people
-Union was forbidden in the Versailles Treaty
Austria & Czechoslovakia
-Annexation of Austria, 1938
-goal of uniting all German people
-Union was forbidden in the Versailles Treaty
16
Hitler's Move:
-Czechoslovakian crisis 1938
-Sudetenland—contained Germans
-Munich Conference with other leaders of Europe
-Appeasement policy
-“Peace in our time”
-Six Months later takes it all / Czechoslovakia
PEACE
IN OUR
TIME!
18
19
20
Europe begins to
prepare for war-Nazi-Soviet Pact, August
1939
-Germany hopes to avoid a two front war
-Each pledges neutrality in a war
-Each gets a sphere of influence in eastern Europe
- Invasion of Poland,
Sept. 1st. 1939
Captured country in six wks.
France & GB declare war!
-Polish question
-Britain and France pledge protection
-Polish Corridor
-War begins on Sept. 1, 1939
Blitzkrieg Lightning warfare
-heavy use of machinery and aircraft
-quick victory over Poland
-Phony War begins
Maginot Line
Siegfried Line
-Stalin attacks Finland, Hitler attacks Denmark, Norway, then Belgium
-Invasion of France
-Massive Allied evacuation at Dunkirk
-France signs surrender, June 1940
Battle of Britain- Germany controls most of
Europe
-Luftwaffe begin bombing of Britain over 100 days.
-RAF defends British homeland
New Technology – Radar
25
-”Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so
many to so few”
Winston Churchill speaking of the pilots of the RAF
◊ Prime Minster of Great Britain
Germany never launches invasion of Britain
26
Note Page 40“World War II Begins”
By Morgan J. Burris Lexington Middle School
The End