Bush Jr. Doctrine

In In

Theory and Policy Theory and Policy

Theory/Policy:National Security Strategy

Introductory Bush Statement: Introductory Bush Statement: defense of “freedom, democracy and free enterprise”defense of “freedom, democracy and free enterprise”

““economic freedom,” “economic openness”, “free economic freedom,” “economic openness”, “free markets,” “free trade,”markets,” “free trade,”

Not unilateral, but balance of power[sic!]Not unilateral, but balance of power[sic!] War against Terrorism:global, uncertain durationWar against Terrorism:global, uncertain duration Act against threats “before they are fully formed”, I.e., Act against threats “before they are fully formed”, I.e.,

preemptive strikespreemptive strikes ““Coalitions of the willing”Coalitions of the willing” Committed to UN, WTO, OAS, NATO etcCommitted to UN, WTO, OAS, NATO etc

NSS I: Overview

““Distinctly American internationalismDistinctly American internationalism Champion human dignityChampion human dignity Strengthen alliancesStrengthen alliances Defuse regional conflictsDefuse regional conflicts Prevent threats of WMDPrevent threats of WMD New era of “free markets & free trade”New era of “free markets & free trade” Cooperative actionCooperative action Transform national security institutionsTransform national security institutions

NSS II:Champion Dignity

““rule of law; limits on state; free speech; rule of law; limits on state; free speech; freedom of worship; equal justice; respect freedom of worship; equal justice; respect for women; religious & ethnic tolerance; for women; religious & ethnic tolerance; respect for private property.”respect for private property.”

Speak honestly of violations of human Speak honestly of violations of human dignitydignity

Use foreign aid to promote freedomUse foreign aid to promote freedom Push democracy & oppose HR violationsPush democracy & oppose HR violations Promote freedom of religion & consciencePromote freedom of religion & conscience

NNS III:Alliances vs Terrorism

Def: terrorism = “premeditated, politically Def: terrorism = “premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against motivated violence perpetrated against innocents”innocents”

Terrorists = those who harbor themTerrorists = those who harbor them War of indefinite durationWar of indefinite duration Disrupt and destroy terrorist organizationsDisrupt and destroy terrorist organizations ““we will not hesitate to act alone”we will not hesitate to act alone” Homeland securityHomeland security Rebuild AfghanistanRebuild Afghanistan

NNS IV: Regional Conflicts

Two strategic principles:Two strategic principles: Build int’l relationships to manage crisesBuild int’l relationships to manage crises Help those who help themselvesHelp those who help themselves

Israel – Palestine ConflictIsrael – Palestine Conflict Independent & Democratic PalestineIndependent & Democratic Palestine Israel forces fully withdraw, stop settlementsIsrael forces fully withdraw, stop settlements

Colombia: terrorists & drug taffickingColombia: terrorists & drug tafficking Defeat armed groups of left & rightDefeat armed groups of left & right

Africa: coalitions of willing, big states to be Africa: coalitions of willing, big states to be anchors for US involvement; work w/Europe; anchors for US involvement; work w/Europe; strengthen governments, economic freedomstrengthen governments, economic freedom

NNS V: Prevent Enemy WMD

Rogue states: brutalize their own people, no regard for Rogue states: brutalize their own people, no regard for international law, want WMD for threats, sponsor terrorism, international law, want WMD for threats, sponsor terrorism, reject human values, hate the United Statesreject human values, hate the United States

Proactive counterproliferationProactive counterproliferation Prepare to prevail in WMD warfarePrepare to prevail in WMD warfare Diplomacy, arms control, export controls, interdiction of of Diplomacy, arms control, export controls, interdiction of of

technologies & materialstechnologies & materials Deterrence won’t work, “US will, if necessary, act Deterrence won’t work, “US will, if necessary, act

preemptively”preemptively” Eliminate specific threat, reasons will be clear, force Eliminate specific threat, reasons will be clear, force

measured and the cause justmeasured and the cause just

NSS VI:Free Markets - 1

Global free markets & free tradeGlobal free markets & free trade Pro-growth legal and regulatory policiesPro-growth legal and regulatory policies Lower marginal tax ratesLower marginal tax rates Rule of law, intolerence of corruptionRule of law, intolerence of corruption Strong financial systemsStrong financial systems Sound fiscal policies to support business[sic!]Sound fiscal policies to support business[sic!] Investment in health & educationInvestment in health & education Free trade = “real freedom”Free trade = “real freedom”

NSS VI:Free Markets - 2

Comprehensive strategy:Comprehensive strategy: Global free trade via WTOGlobal free trade via WTO Regional initiatives, e.g., FTAA by 2005Regional initiatives, e.g., FTAA by 2005 Bilateral free trade, e.g., Chile & SingaporeBilateral free trade, e.g., Chile & Singapore Congressional support: Trade Act of 2002Congressional support: Trade Act of 2002 Development = f(free trade)Development = f(free trade) Enforce trade agreements & laws vs unfair L practicesEnforce trade agreements & laws vs unfair L practices Help domestic workers adjustHelp domestic workers adjust Protect Environment & workersProtect Environment & workers Enhance Energy SecurityEnhance Energy Security Stablize Greenhouse gas concentrations, more nukesStablize Greenhouse gas concentrations, more nukes

NSS VII: Opening Societies

Aid those countries who enact neoliberal reformsAid those countries who enact neoliberal reforms More World Bank etc money to increase More World Bank etc money to increase

productivity thru education, rule of law and productivity thru education, rule of law and private sector developmentprivate sector development

Demand measurable resultsDemand measurable results More results-based grants, fewer loansMore results-based grants, fewer loans Free trade and free capital marketsFree trade and free capital markets Support for public healthSupport for public health Support for educationSupport for education New Agricultural technology, biotechnologiesNew Agricultural technology, biotechnologies

NSS VIII:Cooperative Action

NATO: expand it, improve fighting forcesNATO: expand it, improve fighting forces Support development of EUSupport development of EU

Asian Alliances: Japan, S.Korea, AustraliaAsian Alliances: Japan, S.Korea, Australia Maintain forces in the regionMaintain forces in the region

Russia: more cooperation, more free-marketsRussia: more cooperation, more free-markets India: free flow of commerce, India: free flow of commerce,

problem: nukes & conflict w/Pakistanproblem: nukes & conflict w/Pakistan

China: free trade (4China: free trade (4thth largest trading partner), largest trading partner), problems: HR, armsproblems: HR, arms

NSS IX: Change NS Institutions

Changed threats = changed military capabilitiesChanged threats = changed military capabilities US forces overseas: “bases and stations within and beyond US forces overseas: “bases and stations within and beyond

W.Europe & NE Asia, & temp access arrangements”W.Europe & NE Asia, & temp access arrangements” Prepare for more Afghan-type “deployments”Prepare for more Afghan-type “deployments” Dissuade any attempt to equal US powerDissuade any attempt to equal US power Increase and integrate intelligence gatheringIncrease and integrate intelligence gathering

Domestic and foreign, more authority for Dir of CIDomestic and foreign, more authority for Dir of CI Dept of State: diplomacy w/govt’s & NGOsDept of State: diplomacy w/govt’s & NGOs More PRMore PR Refuse jurisdiction of International Criminal CourtRefuse jurisdiction of International Criminal Court

No investigation, inquiry or prosecution of AmericansNo investigation, inquiry or prosecution of Americans ““Protect American nationals from the ICC”Protect American nationals from the ICC”

--END--