Bus 401 Amu by Siddique

7/31/2019 Bus 401 Amu by Siddique

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1. Introduction

Beauty is more than skin deep means a person can be beautiful inside and out. Their

personality can shine through and be just as beautiful as your outside looks. It also means thatinside of every beautiful person is something better that should be noticed more than their

looks. Looks are good but personality is better. Physical attractiveness reveals that we do not

assess people and situations in fair and objective ways. What complicates matters is that we

often have specific criteria for what qualifies as physically attractive, yet we are frequently

willing to dismiss or modify those criteria in specific situations. Few of us would consider the

qualities in this list to be unattractive. Most of us are drawn to these physical features, if only

because they are the first thing we perceive when we first encounter someone, and we argue

here that they account for the largest proportion of our physical attraction to people.

Universally preferred physical features what is physically attractive? Beauty would seem to

be wholly subjective, but there is an effective heuristic for answering the question of what is

physically attractive, attractiveness is associated with physical and psychological traits that

are perceived to be indicators of good physical (and reproductive) health. Clearly there is

variation in what specific individuals find personally attractive due to genetic, cultural,

historical, psychodynamic and behavioral influences, but experts have noted that people

across cultures tend to agree that the following physical qualities make a person physically

attractive.

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2. Ethical theories and its application:

Feminist ethics:According to the feminist ethics theory, ethical problem of Beauty is skin deep could be

solved easily. We must recognize each persons or the employees contribution towards

achieving of business goal. So in this sense, we must maintain good relationship internally

and externally to avoid any kinds of harm. Each and every one working and contributing in

the business organization must be rewarded treated according to their contribution and

unbiased situation should be strictly prohibited to maintain good relationship. 1

Feminist ethics also useful in solving business ethical dilemma which states that the

individual deeply embedded in a networking of interpersonal relations. This ethical theories

shows that man and woman are different in making ethical decision and solving ethical

problems. The values for the feminist ethics are harmony, empathy, community, caring,

responsiveness, integration etc. which are essential to maintain relationship and avoiding

harm.

Discourse ethics:Discourse ethics works efficiently in solving business ethical conflict which applies the

theory of real life experiences rather than belief system which could be too diverse. This

theory supports the idea of the ultimate goal of ethical issues in business should be the

peaceful settlement of conflicts 2. By achieving the goal, different parties in a conflict should

sit together and engage in a discourse about the settlement of the conflict and ultimately

provide a solution that is acceptable to all.

1 See Discourse ethics aims to solve ethical conflicts by providing a process of normgeneration through rational reflection on the real life experience of all relevantparticipants. 2 See Feminist ethics is an approach that prioritizes empathy, harmonious and healthysocial relationship, care for one another and avoidance of harm above abstract

principles. .

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So in the case of solving the ethical dilemma of beauty lies in externally or internally, real life

experiences could be applied. Which one should be chosen among this two, many factors are

to be considered. We have to analyze the situation practically and apply real experiences

which suits the best solution to protect the interest of both parties,

Cognitive moral development theory:Cognitive moral development theory is the most common theory that is utilized to explain

cognitive processes comes from the psychological discipline. Virtually all current models of

ethical decision making in business utilize this theory. 3When to make ethical decision, the

individual put emphasize on his/her maturity to solve the ethical dilemma. 4

In case of the ethical problem of judging the outward beauty in comparison to inner ward

beauty, the individual can select the one which perfectly matches his maturity.

a. Level one:

The individual chose the best side to make ethical judgment by applying the knowledge of

protecting the self-interest and external rewards and punishments. So whether the beauty is

skin deep or not, that depends on the individuals self-interest and external rewards or

punishment.

b. Level two:

By applying level two approach, the individual needs to satisfy other, otherwise it cant bring

good to him. So the individual needs to think and analyze which side fills the satisfaction of

other to select the external beauty over internal beauty.

c. Level three:

In level three approach, the individual is developing mire autonomous decision making based

on principles of rights and justice rather than external influences. It is very natural to judge a

side which fulfills the principles of rights and justice and it doesnt care external influences.

So in this case, a person could be rewarded or punished based on the result of his/her actions.

3 See Kohlberg developed CMD theory to explain different reasoning processes thatindividuals would use to make ethical judgments as they matured through childhood to

adulthood.4 See Defendants characteristics of attractiveness, race, and sex and sentencingdecisions. Psychological Reports, 81, 679-683

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Personal integrity:

Personal integrity deals with the importance of unity and wholeness, duty of the individual or

group and work together to perform responsibilities. 5 An adherence to moral principle means

that one maintains a consistency or unity in ones beliefs and actions, regardless of any

inducement or temptation to deviate from them. So this theory says that individual is strongly

working what he actually wants to do because it his morality that this must be done,

otherwise it will create harm where he works. Consider the example of the whistleblower. If

something wrong and injustice happening, he might care the society or the business

organization where he works. It may bring worst for him but he never take away himself

from his decision. He may sought the help of media and explain what types immoral practices

are going on his society or organization. In case of fairness person or normal looking person,

if he sees any type of disparity, he must blow the whistle.

Real life situation:Physically attractive people used for marketing rather than internal beauty. In spite of that,

celebrity are also used for marketing purpose although they are not beautiful. My friends

may come to be more physically attractive to us over time. From an evolutionary perspective,

this could be adaptive in that friends are strong and reliable, and, therefore, more likely than

other people to be good providers for our children. The other part of the explanation here is

cognitive; we interpret the fact that we spend so much time with a particular friend as a sign

that we are actually physically attracted to them.

People with whom we have experienced something emotional or physically arousing are

often perceived as more attractive than they were before such an experience. For instance, if

you have just had a really deep heart -to-heart with someone, that person may seem more

physically attractive to you than s/he was before the conversation. On a more dramatic level,

imagine enduring a traumatic situation with someone. As the hours go by, you start to find

the other person increasingly physically attractive. This is due not only to the familiarity that

results from being next to that person, but also the emotional energy that is created by the

5 Integrity is defined as an adherence to moral principles or values.

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situation. More importantly, you come to interpret the physical arousal caused by the

situation as a sign that you are actually physically (sexually) attracted to that person.This

effect parallels the bar closing phenomenon, i.e., having been unable to find a sexual

partner who Beauty in business is attractive to us, we suddenly become physically attracted to

whichever people are left in the bar at the end of the evening even if earlier in the evening

we did not find them to be particularly attractive at all. 6

Many governmental agencies have established policies and procedures that ensure people are

hired based on their abilities and overall job fit, as opposed to superficial characteristics

that are deemed irrelevant to job performance. Interested readers can consult resources like

the Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures. Applicants physical

attractiveness is one characteristic that would be deemed irrelevant to Human Resources andthus is a discriminatory practice. We note that this may not be the case for industries like the

entertainment and fashion/modeling industries, where degree of physical attractiveness is

inherently valued and promoted as a commodity. 7 Nevertheless, the use of physical

attractiveness as the basis of hiring decisions is not the same as using physical attractiveness

in responsible and creative ways in business situations.

Cultural and social influencesOur personal bias based on our reading and understanding of the literature is that cultural and

social factors do not influence preferences for physical attractiveness as much as we would

like to think. First, there are certain features which people in all cultures find physically

attractive. Second, what may look like a unique cultural/social taste for certain types of

bodies and faces may be, at bottom, a universal preference that expresses in terms of

particular geographic conditions. For instance, men appear to have a universal preference for

women whose bodies signal reproductive health.

3. Hypothesis

General peoples subconscious mind are biased with external beauty except they are deeply

benefitted or convinced for certain person where internal beauty is eternal. Celebrity people

6 See Physical attractiveness and subjective well-being. Journal of Personality & Social

Psychology, 69, 120-129.7 see Beautiful faces have variable reward value: FMRI and behavioral evidence. Neuron,32, 537-551.

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are always attractive either their fairness or virtue but general people are always treated for

their external beauty.

4. Data Presentation & Analysis

Total Respondent: 22

Target people: Student & Job holder

Q-1: Realization of beauty differ from age to age.

a) Strongly agree b) agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree

Interpretation:

The realization of beauty varies in different age group which is supported by30 percent of

respondent though 25% strongly disagree with them. The main reason for disagreement is

that the biasness of age. On the other hand someone remain neutral or remain biased.

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Q-3: General people think ethics and beauty is synonymous.


Interpretation:

Internal beauty means ethics which goes hand in hand and not confined with external beauty.

Most of the respondent think about it and 30% of them strongly disagree with this and may

be they dont realize the proper meaning of beauty and ethics.

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Q-4: Beauty is related to intelligence


Interpretation:

Sometimes beautiful people have a lack of intelligence because they r always concentrate on

their physical beauty. So 30 % respondent strongly disagree and said there have no relevance

between beauty and intelligence where 25% respondent think that there have some relation.

Someone like to be neutral in this which is almost 20%.

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Q-5: Do you think your subconscious mind support external/physical beauty?

o Yes

o No

Please explain why:

Chart: 5

Interpretation:

The result of my survey and hypothesis support that most of the people inherently biased with

external beauty. They subconsci9ously support with their physical appearance which is just

about 73 %. On the other hand 27 % of total respondent think differently and more realistic

way. They think about the deepness of beauty which is beyond external beauty.

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5. Research Findings:

Physical beauty stops at the inside of the skin, internal beauty, or a person who is

good and kind and a lovely person that goes all the way through.

"Beauty is only skin deep" is pointing out that someone can be quite lovely to look at,

and quite unpleasant in personality.

People who are familiar to us to be more physically attractive than those who are not

familiar to us Familiar people seem safe and we cannot help but develop some

degree of physical attraction towards such people. From an evolutionary sense, it is

highly adaptive to form relationships with people with whom we feel safe, as opposed

to people with whom we feel anxious, apprehensive or in danger.

If you are nice on the outside you maybe horrible on the inside and it can go the other

way round.

People who are similar to us in terms of our personal characteristics and attitudes are

often seen as more physically attractive as people who are dissimilar to us

Some women believe that they arent beautiful enough because people make them

feel ugly now they have plastic surgery to make them think it is going to help them be

beautiful, but really all it is doing is hiding their true beauty because everybody is

beautiful inside and out no matter what.

Appearances can be deceptive.

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Beauty is only skin deep means that being beautiful only counts on your physical

appearance, which clearly isn't true. Beauty not only is what's on the outside but is

what is on the inside as well.

It means that what's on the inside is what counts, your personality.It means that it shouldn't matter what you look like on the outside, what matters is on

the inside, beauty is only the face, the real beauty is the personality

It basically means that the only thing that should matter about a person is their

personality. Not what they look like. Just because they are "beautiful" on the outside

doesn't mean they are on the inside; the way they act.

Universal physical features account for about 60%of our physical attraction to other

people.

Situational factors (including cultural standards for what is attractive) account for

about 25%of our physical attraction to other people.

Intra-individual preferences (based on genes, personal history, psychodynamics and

personality traits) account for about 10%of our physical attraction to other people.

Cultural and social preferences account for a marginal degree of our physicalattraction to people, perhaps 5%

Conclusion

People with positive personal qualities are seen as more physically attractive than people withless positive personal qualities. In fact, we may overlook physical imperfections in people

whose personal qualities we like. It would stand to reason that if we are exceptionally

attracted to someone because of their personal, non-physical traits, then not only will we

overlook their physical flaws but we may even find them to be more physically attractive

over time. In fact, exceptional personal qualities can make physical features unimportant.

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